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1. The document discusses various types of articulatory transitions in English pronunciation, including assimilation, accommodation, elision, and reduction. 2. Assimilation can occur progressively, regressively, or doubly between adjacent sounds. It can be complete, partial, or intermediate. Assimilation can also be contact or distant assimilation. 3. Elision involves the loss of sounds, particularly /t/ and /d/ in certain consonant clusters, as well as historical elision of letters no longer pronounced.

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Елизавета Зверинцева
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99 views10 pages

Untitled

1. The document discusses various types of articulatory transitions in English pronunciation, including assimilation, accommodation, elision, and reduction. 2. Assimilation can occur progressively, regressively, or doubly between adjacent sounds. It can be complete, partial, or intermediate. Assimilation can also be contact or distant assimilation. 3. Elision involves the loss of sounds, particularly /t/ and /d/ in certain consonant clusters, as well as historical elision of letters no longer pronounced.

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Елизавета Зверинцева
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ARTICULATORY TRANSITIONS OF VOWEL AND

CONSONANT PHONEME
1. Assimilation and its types.
2. Accommodation in Modern English.
3. Elision in modern English.
4. Reduction and its types.
5. Inserting of sounds.
6. Other transitions (compression,
smoothing)
 
From the point of view of its direction:
1. Assimilation and its types
progressive assimilation – the assimilated consonant is
influenced by the preceding consonant (e.g. dropped,
extended, remained, it’s this, what’s, that’s, brings, desks,
pegs, pens);
regressive assimilation – the second of the two sounds
makes the first sound similar to itself; this type of
assimilation is widely spread (e.g. gooseberry /"gUzb@rI/,
newspaper /"nju:speIp@/, at the, in the);
double (or reciprocal) assimilation – the adjacent
consonants influence each other (e.g. quickly, twenty,
twilight, twist);
Assimilation and its types
2. From the point of view of its degree
complete assimilation – the articulation of the assimilated consonant fully
coincides with that of the assimilating one
(e.g. does she, horseshoe, this shop, good bye, let me, ten minutes.

partial assimilation – the assimilated consonant retains its main phonemic


features and becomes only partly similar in some features of its articulation to the
assimilating sound
(e.g. in words please, try, twice the principal (fully voiced) variants of the phonemes
/l/, /r/, /w/ are replaced by their partly devoiced variants, while their main
phonemic features are retained);

intermediate assimilation – the assimilated consonant changes into a


different sound, but doesn’t coincide with the assimilating consonant (e.g.
congress, gooseberry, newspaper, raspberry);
Assimilation and its types
3. From the point of view of its distance

contact assimilation – a sound is influenced by an


adjoining sound;

distant assimilation – a sound is influenced not by an


adjoining sound but by a distant one assimilation;
Assimilation and its types
4. From the point of view of its stability
historical assimilation – the articulation of a sound
is changed under the influence of the neighbouring
sound in the course of language development (e.g.
occasion, picture, session question, nation, nature );
historical assimilation could also be seen among the
words education, creation, measure, permission,
situation);
contextual (living) assimilation – the articulation
of a sound changes under the influence of the
neighbouring sounds in rapid colloquial speech.
2. Accomodation in Modern English

Accommodation (or adaptation) – is the adaptive modification in the


articulation of a consonant under the influence of an adjacent vowel or
vice versa.
1. ROUNDED (pool, moon, rude, soon, who, cool)
-labialisation of Cs under the influence of the neighboring
back vowels.

2. UNROUNDED (tea – beat; meet – team; feat – leaf,


keep – leak; sit – miss)
- spread lip position of Cs followed or preceded by front
Vs.
•elision of /t

KINDS OF ELISION
•Contemporary elision:

Historical elision Contemporary elision:


“Silent” letters in English words
bear weakness to historical elision.
(e.g. castle, iron, knee, knight, walk,
write)
b) elision of /t/ – /d/
in /ft/, /st/, /St/, /Tt/,
/vd/, /zd/, /Td/
sequences (e.g. cleft
palate, firstly, waste paper)

a) Elision in /pt/, /kt/,


/bd/, /gd/, /tSt/, /Ùd/ c) elision in /md/,
sequences (e.g. trapped /nd/, /Nd/ sequences
buy, cracked pots, dubbed (e.g. slammed
film, bugged telephone) the door, hair-
brained scheme,)
Elision in modern English
In everyday speech we can’t but face some other cases of
elision existence, such as:
Loss of [h] in personal and possessive pronouns and
the forms of the auxiliary verb have.
[L] lends to be lost when preceded by [O]: always,
already, all right.
In clusters of consonants: next day, just one, mashed
potatoes.
4. Reduction
There are 3 degrees of the reduction of strong forms.
The reduction of the length of a vowel without
changing its quality (quantitative reduction )

The reduction of the quality of a vowel ( qualitative).

The omission of a vowel or consonant sound ( zero


reduction)
•R is pronounced where no R •isLinking
seen inR the spelling (china and glass)

INSERTING of sounds
Linking R Intransive R -
(It's near enough,
far away, for ever) (R is pronounced
where no R is seen in the
spelling (the idea (r) of
it, Law (r) and order)

Ressylabification
(: lef/t arm, push/ed up,
fin/d out)

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