CHARLES’ LAW
OBJECTIVES
● Determine the relationship between
volume and temperature at constant
pressure
● Solve problems using the Charles’ Law
equation
● Cite some real-life situations that can be
explained by Charles’ Law
RECALL
What are the units of temperature ?
What is the standard unit of temperature?
Which is more, 1 K or 10C?
Who wants to try?
Materials: Add about 75 mL of water to an
Erlenmeyer flask Erlenmeyer flask.
Party balloon
Water Put the open end of a balloon over
Burner /tripod, the opening of the flask.
alcohol lamp, wire gauze,
match Place the flask on a hot plate or
Safety gloves burner.
Heat the water to its boiling point.
Observe what happens to the
balloon.
DEMO
● Observe and describe what happens to
pressure and volume .
● Balloon and syringe
● Lays ,airplane
Let’s investigate. (groupwork)
● CLICK gwapako
1. Start the experiment by giving one or two pump so
particles enter the container
2. Adjust the temperature to 300K and keep it
constant through out this experiment 1.
3. Change the particle number to 100 keep it constant
through out this experiment 1.
4. You need to start observing the pressure form 5nm of
volume.
5. Take 5 more reading for volume and pressure.
Complete the table with the readings and calculation.
Record your data.
Guide questions
1. Identify the quantities in the experiment
i) Independent variable
ii) Dependent variable
2. What pattern did you observe in the pressure
when you increase the volume.
3. What statement can you suggest for the
relationship between the pressure and volume?
4. Plot your data on a graph. Let P be your “y”
and V your “x”.
Guide questions
1. Identify the quantities in the experiment
i) Independent variable - volume
ii) Dependent variable - pressure
2. What pattern did you observe in the pressure when you increase the
volume.
Pressure decreases.
3. What statement can you suggest for the relationship between the
pressure and volume?
Inversely proportional
4. Plot your data on a graph.
Record your data.
23.4 117
19.5 117
16.8 117
14.6 117
13.0 117
11.7 117
What is Boyle’s Law?
●Formulated by the physicist Robert Boyle in
1662, states that the pressure of a given
quantity of gas varies inversely with its volume
at constant temperature
●When a gas is under pressure it takes up less
space.
●The higher the pressure, the smaller the
volume.
INVERSE RELATIONSHIP
If P is doubled, V is ______________.
If V increases 3 times, P _______________.
In Boyle’s law, _______________ and
________ are constant.
REAL - LIFE APPLICATION
The pushing of the plunger reduces the volume of the fluid in the
barrel. This reduction in the volume causes a momentary
increase in the pressure of the fluid, and the fluid is injected into
the patient's body. In a similar way, the pulling of the plunger
increases the volume of the fluid. It results in a momentary
decrease in the pressure of the fluid, and external fluid is
withdrawn.
REAL - LIFE APPLICATION
As the lungs expand, there is a momentary reduction in the
pressure. Thus, the pressure inside the body is lower than the
outside. Consequently, the surrounding air slips in the body. This
process is called inhalation. When the lungs relax, the volume of
the lungs decreases, which increases the pressure momentarily
relative to the outside. And the air is exhaled from the body.
REAL - LIFE APPLICATION
A hand bicycle pump works similar to a syringe. When
the handle of a pump is pushed down, the pressure
inside the pump will increase momentarily. In other
words, the gas inside is compressed. As a result, the
pressurized gas is forced inside the tire of a vehicle.
REAL - LIFE APPLICATION
When these lifeforms are brought to the surface of oceans,
relatively low-pressure environment, the gases inside their
bodies will expand as per Boyle's law, and they
immediately collapses.
The same is true for us. If a human being is dropped into
oceans, its body will be crushed by the external pressure
at great depths.
REAL - LIFE APPLICATION
Astronauts in space protect themselves by wearing
their spacesuits, which can withstand extreme
pressures and temperatures.
assessment
1.
assessment
2.
assessment
3.
assessment
assessment
● 5. Each container with varying volume has
1.0 mole of oxygen gas at 30.0C. In which
container will pressure be the lowest?
● a. (a container of 1L)
● b. (a container of 2 liters)
● c. ( 3liters)
● d. (4 liters)
CONTINUATION STATE BOYLE’S LAW
Boyle’s Law:
for a fixed mass of gas kept at
constant temperature the volume
of the gas is inversely proportional
to its pressure.
EQUATION
●P1V1=P2V2
P1 = initial pressure
P2 = final pressure
V1= initialvolume
V2= final volume
Problem:
●A deep sea diver is working at a depth where the
pressure is 3.0 atmospheres. He is breathing out air
bubbles. The volume of each air bubble is 2 cm3. At the
surface the pressure is 1 atmosphere. What is the volume
of each bubble when it reaches the surface
●A. Identification
●B. Derivation
●C. Substitution
●D. Cancellation
STEPS TO FOLLOW
>First, identify the given and
●A deep sea diver is
the unknown. working at a depth where
P1 = 3 atm V1= 2cm3 the pressure is 3.0
atmospheres. He is
P2 = 1 atm V2 =? breathing out air bubbles.
The volume of each air
>Second,derive the formula bubble is 2 cm3. At the
surface the pressure is 1
P1 V 1 = P 2 V 2 atmosphere. What is the
volume of each bubble
V2 = P1 V1 when it reaches the
P2 surface?
> Third,substitute with the
PREDICT FIRST.
What happens to pressure? What should happen to final volume?
Since pressure decreases by 1/3, volume should
increase three times.
V2 = P1 V1
P2
V2 = 3 atm (2cm3)
1 atm
V2 = 3 atm (2cm3)
1 atm
V2 = 6 cm3
More Problem Solving
1 A gas occupies 12.3 liters at a pressure of 40.0
mmHg. What is the volume when the pressure is
increased to 60.0 mmHg? (boardwork)
2. 400.0 mL of a gas are under a pressure of 800.0
torr. What would the volume of the gas be at a
pressure of 1000.0 torr? (boardwork)
3.A sample of helium gas at 25°C is compressed from
200 cm3 to 0.240 cm3. Its pressure is now 3.00 cm
Hg. What was the original pressure of the helium?
(individual practice)
assessment
● The inflated balloon that slipped from the
hand of Renn has a volume of .50 L at sea
level ( 1 atm) and it reached a height of
approximately 8 km where atmospheric
pressure is approximately . 33 atm.
● Assuming that he temperature is constant,
compute for the final volume of the balloon.
Wanna join the BOYLE’S LAW challenge?
