QUADRATIC

INEQUALITIES
OBJECTIVES:

Illustrates and solve quadratic

inequalities;
and identify the solution of inequality
by using graph
 MEMORY CHECK
x+4 A rectangle has a length of 4 centimeters
x
more than the width. The area of a
rectangle is 77 square centimeters. Find
the dimensions of the rectangle.
Solution: 77= (x+4)(x) 0=x²+4x-77
Let x be the width 77= x²+4x 0=(x+11)(x-7)
77-77=x²+4x-77
Let x+4 be the length Roots are -11 and 7
0=x²+4x-77
SHOW ME
Write the mathematical symbol inside the box.
GREATER THAN

>
SHOW ME
Write the mathematical symbol inside the box.
LESS THAN

<
SHOW ME
Write the mathematical symbol inside the box.
GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO

≥
SHOW ME
Write the mathematical symbol inside the box.
LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO

≤
 QUADRATIC INEQUALITY

A quadratic inequality is an inequality that contains a

polynomial of degree 2 and can be written in any of the
following forms:
ax² + bx + c > 0 ax² + bx + c < 0
ax² + bx + c ≥ 0 ax² + bx + c ≤ 0
Where a, b and c are real numbers and a≠0
 QUADRATIC INEQUALITY

Example: 5x² + 10x + 6 > 0

x² + 5x - 4 < 0
2x² - 15x + 8 ≥ 0
x² - 6x + 7 ≤ 0
 NOT QUADRATIC INEQUALITY

Example: 5xᵌ + 10x + 6 > 0

4x ( x² + 8 ) < - 1
3(x+8)≥x-6
3x ( x - 2 ) + 1 ≥ x⁴ - 6
Solving Quadratic Inequalities
 QUADRATIC INEQUALITIES

Example: Are 5, 0, and -1 solutions to x² + 5x – 14 ≤ 0?

Checking using substitution.
Let x = 5 Let x = 0 Let x = -1
x² + 5x – 14 ≤ 0 x² + 5x – 14 ≤ 0 x² + 5x – 14 ≤ 0
(5)² + 5(5) – 14 ≤ 0 (0)² + 5(0) – 14 ≤ 0 (-1)² + 5(-1) – 14 ≤ 0
25 + 25 -14 ≤ 0
36 ≤ 0
x 0 + 0 -14 ≤ 0
-14 ≤ 0
1 - 5 - 14 ≤ 0
-18 ≤ 0
Therefore, 0 and -1 are solutions and 5 is not.
 Let ’s try

Example 1 this

x²- 6x + 8 < 0
x²- 6x + 8 = 0
(x - 4)(x - 2) = 0 x-2 = 4
x-4=0 x-2+2=0+2
x– 4 + 4 = 0 + 4 x = 2
x = 4
Critical points: 4 and 2
Continuation of
x²- 6x + 8 < 0
Example 1
Critical points: 4 and 2

Since hollow Circle, Critical points 4 and

2 are not included for the solution set

x²- 6x + 8 < 0 x²- 6x + 8 < 0

4²- 6(4) + 8 < 0 2²- 6(2) + 8 < 0
16 - 24 + 8 < 0 4 - 12 + 8 < 0
0 < 0 False 0 < 0 False
Continuation of
x²- 6x + 8 < 0
Example 1
Critical points: 4 and 2 Test points: 0, 3 and 5

-----------------False-------------- --True-- --False--

Solution Set using Interval Notation: Solution Set

(2,4) { 2 < x < 4}
 Let ’s try

Example 2 this

x²+ 5x + 4 > 0
x²+ 5x + 4 = 0
(x + 4)(x + 1) = 0 x+1 = 0
x+4=0 x + 1 -1 = 0 -1
x+ 4 - 4 = 0 - 4 x = -1
x = -4
Critical points: -4 and -1
Continuation of
x²+ 5x + 4 > 0
Example 2
Critical points: -4 and -1

Since hollow Circle, Critical points -4 and

-2 are not included for the solution set

x²+5x + 4 > 0 x²+5x + 4 > 0

(-4)²+ 5(-4) + 4 > 0 (-1)²+5(-1) + 4 > 0
16 - 20 + 4 > 0 1-5+4>0
0 > 0 False 0 < 0 False
Continuation of
x²+ 5x + 4 > 0
Example 2
Critical points: -4 and -1 Test points: -5, -3 and 0
--Region1-- ----Region -------------Region 3----------
2----
--True-- ----False---- ----------------True------------
x²+5x + 4 > 0 x²+5x + 4 > 0 x²+5x + 4 > 0
(-5)²+ 5(-5) + 4 > 0 (-3)²+ 5(-3) + 4 > 0 (0)²+ 5(0) + 4 > 0
25 - 10 + 4 > 0 9 - 15 + 4 > 0 0+0+4>0
9>0 -2 > 0 4>0
Solution Set using Interval Notation: Solution Set
(-4,-1) { x < -4 or x -1}
 Let ’s try

Example 3 x²- 2x ≥ 8 this

x²- 2x = 8
x²- 2x - 8 = 8-8
x²- 2x - 8 = 0
(x - 4)(x + 2) = 0
x-4=0 x + 2= 0
x–4+4=0+4 x+2-2 = 0-2
x=4 Critical points: 4 and -2 x = -2
Continuation of

Example 3
x²- 2x ≥ 8
Continuation of
x²- 2x ≥ 8
Example 3
Critical points: 4 and -2 Test points: -4, 1 and 5
----Region1----- ---------Region 2--------- Region 3

--True-- ----False---- --True--

x²-2x ≥ 0 x²-2x ≥ 0 x²-2x ≥ 0
(-4)²-2(-4) ≥ 0 (1)²-2(1) ≥ 0 (5)²-2(5) ≥ 0
16 + 8 ≥ 0 1-2≥0 25 - 10 ≥ 0
24 ≥ 0 -1 ≥ 0 15 ≥ 0
Solution Set using Interval Notation: Solution Set
(-∞,-2] U [4,∞) { x ≤ -2 or x ≥ 4}
Solving Quadratic Inequalities
Let’s sum it up!

hollow Circle, Critical

points are __________
for the solution set

Shaded Circle, Critical

points are __________
for the solution set
Warm Up
Write as an inequality and interval notation.

5  x  4

x  5 o r x  6
x  5 o r x  0

7  x  4
Solve the quadratic inequality
x2 – 5x + 6 > 0 graphically.
Procedures:
Step (1): The corresponding quadratic function is
y = x2 – 5x + 6

Step (2): Factorize x2 – 5x + 6

we have y = (x – 2)(x – 3) ,
i.e. y = 0, when x = 2 or x = 3

Step (3): Sketch the graph of y = x2 – 5x + 6

Step (4): Find the solution from the graph

Sketch the graph of y = x2 – 5x + 6
X 0 1 2 3 4 5
Y 6 2 0 0 2 6
Sketchisthe
What thegraph
solution
y = of
x2 –x5x
2
– 5x
+ 6+. 6 > 0 ?
y

 y = (x – 2)(x – 3) ,
 y = 0, when x = 2 or x = 3.
0 x
2 3
 We need to solve x 2 – 5x + 6 > 0,
so we choose the portion above the x-axis.
y

The portion of the

graph above the x-axis
represents y > 0
(i.e. x 2 – 5x + 6 > 0)

x
0 2 3
The portion of the
graph below the x-axis
represents y < 0
(i.e. x 2 – 5x + 6 < 0)
 y

When x < 2, When x > 3,

the curve is the curve is
above the x-axis above the x-axis
i.e., y > 0 i.e., y > 0
x2 – 5x + 6 > 0 x2 – 5x + 6 > 0

x
0 2 3
 From the sketch, we obtain the solution

x2 or x3
By Number Line ?
Number Line
Solution:

0 2 3

x2 or x3
Solve the quadratic inequality
x – 5x + 6 < 0.
2

Same method as example 1 !!!

Sketch the graph of x2 – 5x + 6 < 0
X
Y
 y
x2 – 5x + 6 < 0

x
0 2 3

When 2 < x < 3,

the curve is
below the x-axis
i.e., y < 0
x2 – 5x + 6 < 0
From the sketch, we obtain the solution

2<x<3
Number Line
Solution:

0 2 3

2<x<3
Exercise 1: Find the x-intercepts of the curve:
(x + 2)(x – 1)=0
x = –2 or x = 1
Solve x  2 x  1  0.

y
Answer:

x < –2 or x > 1

–2 0 1 –2 0 1 x
Exercise 2: Find the x-intercepts of the curve:
x2 – x – 12 = 0
2
(x + 3)(x – 4)=0
Solve x  x  12  0. x = –3 or x = 4
y
Answer:
–3 < x < 4

–3 0 4 –3 0 4 x

x 2  x  12  0.
 Find the x-intercepts of the curve:
Exercise 3: (x + 7)(x – 5)=0
2 x x  2  x = –7 or x = 5
Solve  10 .
7
Solution: y
2 x x  2 
 10
7
x 2  2 x  10  7  2
x 2  2 x  35  0
x  7 x  5   0
–7 0 5 x
–7 < x < 5

–7 0 5
 Find the x-intercepts of the curve:
Exercise 4: (x + 3)(3x – 2)=0
x = –3 or x = 2/3
Solve 3 x x  3   2x  3 .

Solution: y
3 x  x  3   2 x  3 

3 x  x  3   2 x  3   0

x  3 3 x  2   0
–3 0 x
2
x  –3 or x  2/3 3

y  x 2  2 x  35
–3 0 2
3
 Solving Quadratic Inequalities
Try This!
Solve each Quadratic Inequalities and write your solution set using
set notation and interval notation the graph.
1. -x² -5x + 6 > 0
2. x² - 1 < 0
3. -x² -12x – 11 ≤ 0
4. x² - 2x – 3 ≥ 0
5. x² + 4x > 5