ENGINEERING

METROLOGY (QAS 0313)

PBL ASSIGNMENT TASK 1

(Part A)

GROUP B2

TTO : ABD RAHMAN FAHMI B MAT HASAN PAGE 1

 GROUP MEMBERS
1 MUHAMMAD IMRAN BIN AZLI

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2 MUHAMMAD AZIM BIN MOHD RASHID

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3 MUHAMMAD ZAIM HAZREEL BIN HASSAN

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4 MUHAMMAD ARIQ AFFANY BIN MOHD RIZAL

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 SUBJECT SUMMARY : ENGINEERING METROLOGY

Engineering metrology is the use of measurement science in manufacturing. The

study of metrology is highly valuable for the students and practitioners, from
mechanical and allied engineering stream. For a product to be successful, it
needs to be manufactured according to metrological specifications, otherwise
heavy costs are incurred to comply with the specifications in the later stage.
Also, the role played by measurements in the day today life makes it essential to
study metrology. This course is designed to impart the knowledge to develop
measurement procedures, conduct metrological experiments, and obtain and
interpret the results. A laboratory demonstration are also induced to enhance
the learning process. The course would be useful in many areas in the tradi-
tional and modern high technology manufacturing, industrial, scientific re-
search, defense, and many others.

Books and references

1. Bewoor, A.K. and Kulkarni, V.A., 2009. Metrology and measurement. McGraw-Hill Education.
2. Venkateshan, S.P., 2015. Mechanical measurements. John Wiley & Sons.
3. Fridman, A.E., 2011. The quality of measurements: a metrological reference. Springer Science & Business Media.
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Problem Statement
(Part A)

You are a senior technician in Metro’s Instruments, working in Quality Control (QC) section.
Your superior has assigned you to identify and select suitable measuring instruments to assess
the quality of several new components that are yet to be produced by your company. The parts
drawings will be issued soon after the components are confirmed.

Your task includes recommending the appropriate measuring instruments that fulfill the following
instructions:

• Identify and select two different types of measuring instruments that are regularly used in laboratories
and workshops (2 MEASURING ITEM)
• The measurements only focus for direct linear measurements
• The measuring instrument must be capable in performing internal (inside), external (outside) and
depth measurements
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MICROMETER

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 FUNCTION
MICROMETER
• Measuring instrument that can make
extraordinarily precise measurements.
• Most micrometers are designed to
TAKING A MEASUREMENTS
measure 0-25mm, 25-50mm, 50-75mm
• Gently pinched between the anvil and
and so on.
spindle.
• Twists the ratchet until it clicks once or
twice. This ensures that the right
amount of tension is applied.
• If necessary the user can apply the lock
SCALE nut to prevent the spindle from tighten-
• A typical micrometer scale is 2 ing or loosening while interpreting the
mm long and at least part of it measurement.
should be etched with divi-
sions of 0.001 mm. Text Here
• Suppose that a stage
micrometer scale has divisions
that are equal to 0.1 mm, which
is 100 micrometers

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Vernier caliper

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 FUNCTION
VERNIER CALIPER
• Calipers are used to measure the dis-
tance between two opposite sides of an
object.
• Calipers are helpful in manufacturing
and measuring small parts.
• It provide an accurate measurement of
an object’s inside & outside dimensions,
depth, and thickness.

TAKING A MEASUREMENT
• Slide the jaws against the object
• Read the main scale with sliding scale’s
zero
SCALE • Read the vernier scale and add num-
• Vernier calipers, generally, have a bers
range of 300 mm.
• A Vernier scale on a caliper may
have a least count of 0.1 mm

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DEPTH MICROMETER

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 DEPTH MICROM- FUNCTION
• Instrument for measuring depth
ETER below a reference surface
• Measuring the depth of a hole,
recess or slot.

SCALE
• Depth micrometer used to
measure the depth of an
• Advantage: 1. highest accuracy object with precision and
(0.001)mm accuracy with least count
2. can enter the small pas- of 0.001 mm
sage • The measuring span is 25
• Disvantages: 1. cant be used for other mm just like in micrometer,
purpose
that can change by
2. require skill in reading
changing upsetting rod.
the results
3.short range measurement
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STAINLESS STEEL SCALE

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 STAINLESS STEEL SCALE
Care while using Steel Scale
• Never used as scraper.
• Use carefully to prevent damage FUNCTION
from its edges and datum end. • Measure the linear dimensions of a
• Whipped clean and lightly oiled component with limited accuracy
to prevent rusting after use. • Linear dimension. A measurement of
the horizontal or vertical dimension
of a feature. Linear dimensions may
not represent the true distance
between beginning and ending
dimension points because they do
not take angle into account as
aligned dimensions do.

SCALE
• Milimeter (mm)
• Centimeter (cm)
• 0 – 30cm, 0 – 50cm

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 DIRECT LINEAR
ITEM INTERNAL EXTERNAL DEPTH MEASUREMENT
EQUIPMENT

MICROMETER
/ /

VERNIER CALIPER
/ / / /

DEPTH
MICROMETER / /

STEEL SCALE
/ / / /

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 CONCLUSION
• Vernier Caliper and Steel Scale are measuring instruments that are regularly used in
laboratories and workshops.
• Both of equipment are direct linear measurements equipment.
• Vernier Caliper and Steel Scale are capable performing internal (inside), external (outside)
and depth measurements.
THANK YOU
DANKE
SCHON

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 MEASURING ACCURACY

• Vernier scales are usually used to measure objects up to a few centimetres across
and to an accuracy of +/- 0.1mm

• Vernier Caliper usually have accuracy of 0.01mm and are used to measure objects
no bigger than a few millimetres.

• Most electronic digital calipers have a resolution of 0.01mm. You may choose the
Hi-Precision Digital calipers with a resolution of 0.005mm or 0.001mm with a higher
accuracy if your request is higher than that

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 READING THE SCALE OF VERNIER CALIPER
1
Slide one of the jaws against the object. You can
adjust either pair of jaws by sliding the smaller
scale. Once you've got one of the jaws in position,
tighten the locking screw if there is one.

2
Read the main scale where it lines up with the slid-
ing scale's zero. The main scale on a Vernier caliper
typically tells you the whole number plus the first
decimal. Read this just as you would a ruler, mea-
suring to the zero mark on the sliding (Vernier)
scale.

3
Read the Vernier scale. Find the first mark on the
Vernier scale that lines up perfectly with any line on
the main scale. That mark tells you the value of the
additional digits.

4
Add the numbers together. Add the main scale and
Vernier scale results together to get the final answer.
Make sure you use the correct units as labeled on
each scale, or you won't get the right answer.

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 READING THE SCALE OF VERNIER CALIPER

Vernier Caliper (Manual) Dial Caliper

DigitaL CALIPER

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