INSTITUTE – University School of Business
DEPARTMENT – Management (M.B.A.)
Subject : Management Practices and Organizational Behavior
Subject Code : 22 BAT 603
Unit :1
Topic Name : Planning Process and Management by Objectives
Faculty Name : Dr . Bhaskara Srinivas
DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
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Course Objective
COB No. Title
CO1 To give an exposure to students of the individual behavior in organizations.
To enable students to combine relevant information and appraise options for the
CO2 most optimal solution so that they will be able to envisage and control human
behaviour at work and improve organizational effectiveness.
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Practices and
Organizational
Behavior
Course Outcome
CO Title Level
Number
CO1 To understand the concepts of individual and group Remember
behavior in an organizational set up.
CO2 To be able to apply leadership styles to lead diverse Understand
teams in a volatile business environment settings.
CO3 To analyze different alternatives while taking strategic Understand
decisions for organizational growth Will be covered in
this lecture
CO4 To evaluate how organizational change and culture Understand
contribute in sustainability of an organization
CO5 To develop conflict resolution and motivational strategies Understand
to retain high performing people in the organization.
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Content
• Planning Process:
• Characteristics of a Sound Plan:
• Management by Objectives (MBO):
• Policies and Strategies:
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Planning Process:
• The planning process refers to the series of steps
undertaken by an organization to set objectives,
identify actions, and allocate resources in order to
achieve its goals.
.
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The planning process typically involves the
following steps:
1. Establishing clear and specific objectives aligned
with the organization's mission and vision
2. Analyzing the internal and external environment to
identify opportunities, threats, strengths, and
weaknesses.
3. Formulating strategies that outline the approach
and actions to achieve the objectives.
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The planning process typically involves the
following steps:
4 Developing action plans with specific tasks,
timelines, and responsibilities.
5 Allocating appropriate resources such as
finances, human capital, and technology to support the
plans.
6 Implementing the plans by effectively coordinating
and communicating the actions.
7 Continuously evaluating progress, measuring
performance, and making necessary adjustments
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Characteristics of a Sound Plan
• A sound plan possesses several key characteristics that
contribute to its effectiveness. These characteristics
include:
1.Clear objectives: A sound plan should have well-
defined and specific objectives that are aligned with the
organization's mission and vision. Clear objectives
provide direction and purpose for the plan.
2.Feasibility: A plan should be realistic and achievable
within the available resources and constraints. It should
consider factors such as time, budget, and capabilities
to ensure its feasibility. 8
Characteristics of a Sound Plan
3. Flexibility: Plans should have the ability to adapt
and respond to changes in the internal and external
environment. Flexibility allows organizations to adjust
their strategies and actions when faced with unexpected
circumstances.
4. Coherence: A sound plan should be consistent and
coherent, with all elements working together towards the
achievement of objectives. Each component of the plan
should be aligned and supportive of the overall goals.
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Characteristics of a Sound Plan
5. Clarity and communication: Plans should be
clearly articulated and easily understood by all
stakeholders. Effective communication of the plan
ensures that everyone is on the same page and can
contribute to its implementation.
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Management by Objectives (MBO):
• Management by Objectives (MBO) is a goal-setting and
performance management approach that involves
collaboration between managers and employees to
define goals, set objectives, and monitor progress. The
key features of MBO include:
1.Goal alignment: MBO aims to align individual goals with
the overall objectives of the organization. This ensures
that every employee's efforts are directed towards
achieving the desired outcomes.
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Management by Objectives (MBO):
2. Participatory goal setting: In MBO, managers and
employees jointly set goals that are specific, measurable,
achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART). This
participatory process increases employee engagement and
ownership of the goals.
3. Performance monitoring: MBO emphasizes regular
monitoring and feedback on progress towards objectives.
Managers and employees periodically review
performance, track milestones, and make adjustments as
necessary.
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Management by Objectives (MBO):
4 Performance appraisal: MBO often involves
performance appraisals based on the achievement of
objectives. The evaluation focuses on the results and
outcomes rather than solely on activities or behaviors.
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Policies and Strategies:
• Policies and strategies are essential components of
organizational planning. They provide guidance and
direction for decision-making and actions.
Here are their key characteristics:
• Policies: Policies are guidelines or principles that define
the boundaries and expectations for decision-making
within an organization. They serve as a framework to
ensure consistency, fairness, and compliance with laws
and regulations
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Policies and Strategies:
• 2. Strategies: Strategies are the high-level plans and
approaches adopted by organizations to achieve their
long-term goals. Strategies outline the key actions,
resource allocation, and competitive positioning required
to succeed in the marketplace.
• Strategies are typically formulated based on the
organization's analysis of its internal and external
environment, including factors such as market conditions,
competition, and customer needs. They provide a
roadmap for the organization's future direction and guide
the allocation of resources to achieve desired outcomes.
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Summery
Overall, effective planning involves a systematic process,
sound plan characteristics, the implementation of
management by objectives (MBO), and the development
of clear policies and strategies to guide organizational
decision-making and actions.
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References
Books • Durai, P. (2015). Principles of Management, Text and Cases. New
Delhi: Pearson Education.
• Koontz, H. (2010). Essentials of Management. New Delhi: Tata
McGraw-Hill Education.
• Stoner, Freeman & Gilbert Jr. (2009). Management. New Delhi:
Prentice Hall.
• Weihrich, H. & Koontz, H. (2010). Management- A Global
Perspective: New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
Websites • https://www.preservearticles.com/
• https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jzpF4cOYiiM
Link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-XZ1poxYt84&t=15s 17
Assessment Pattern
Components HT-1 HT-2 Assignment Surprise Test Business Quiz GD Forum Attendance Scaled
Marks
Max. Marks 10 10 6 4 4 4 2 40
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THANK YOU
For queries you can reach me on Email:
bhaskara.e11372cumail.in
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