Newton's Laws of

Motion
LESSON 7.4
 TODAY, WE'LL LEARN ABOUT...
1. 3.

2. Newton's Laws of Motion 4.

 MOTION

INERTIA VELOCITY
An object free to
move will move Is the property of a body
that tends to resist a
The speed and direction
of an object in motion.
once acted upon by change in its state of rest
force. or motion.

ACCELERATION

The change in an
object's velocity.
FORCE
According to Aristotle, Force is needed to make an object
move.

Aristotle also added that the speed acquired by the object is

proportional to the force applied . The bigger the force, the
faster the object moves. Once the force is removed, the object
stops moving.
 Galileo developed ideas about motion contrary to the
Aristotelian theory. With his thought experiment on a perfect
ball rolling on an inclined plane and free from all external and
accidental obstacles, he realized that the ball would speed up
when rolling down the slope and slow down when rolling up.
When placed on a level surface, the ball would neither speed up
nor slow down but continue its motion forever. He concluded
that the natural tendency of a moving object is to continue
moving, and that no force is required to keep it moving.
NEWTON'S FIRST LAW OF MOTION

1.
The Law of Inertia
A body requires an unbalanced force to change its state of
rest or motion.
NEWTON'S FIRST LAW OF MOTION
Law of Inertia
Building on Galileo’s work , Isaac Newton
formulated his theory on motion. In his book
Principia Mathematica, Newton readily
acknowledged his debt to Galileo. His analysis
of motion was summarized in his three laws of
motion.
 1.
The Law of Inertia
According to Newton’s first law of motion, a body at rest will
remain at rest or a body in motion will continue to move with
constant velocity unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
 NEWTON'S SECOND LAW OF MOTION

2.
The Law of Acceleration
states that an unbalanced force acting on a body produces acceleration. The acceleration is
directly proportional to the unbalanced force and inversely proportional to the mass of
the body. It acts in the same direction as the unbalanced force.
 2.
The Law of
Acceleration
F=ma
 a= v=v0+at=0+(4.0m/)(10s)=
40m/s to the right
=4.0m/ to the right

d=t++=0+(4.0m/)(10s)= 200m
NEWTON'S THIRD LAW OF MOTION

3.
The Law of Interaction
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
 3. Action

Law of Interaction
Newton’s third law states that when
body A exerts a force on Body B,
Body B will exert an equal but
oppositely directed force on Body A.
Reaction
The Law of Universal Gravitation
.
Every object in the universe exerts an attractive force on
another object. This force is called gravitational force and is
considered as one of the fundamental forces identified.

The gravitational force is directly proportional to the

masses of two given objects and inversely proportional to
square of the distance between them.
.
 Law of Universal
Gravitation

Formula:

Gravitational Force

G= 6.67 x N/
F= Force
G= Universal Gravitation Constant
m1= mass of object 1 The value of G was accurately
M2= mass of object 2
D= is the center-to-center distance determined from Henry
between the two object.
Cavendish’s experiment using
torso balance.
 Law of Universal
Gravitation
Formula:

Weight of an object (w) on Earth is

the gravitational force of attraction
exerted by Earth on the object.
w= G
m= mass of the object
= represents the mass of earth equal
to 5.98 x kg.

W=mg
 Law of Universal
Gravitation
Formula:

The acceleration due to gravity varies

mg= G
inversely as the square of the distance
W= weight
m= mass of the object
= represents the mass of earth equal
to 5.98 x kg. g= G
W=mg
g= represents acceleration of gravity.

Acceleration due to gravity

 Law of Universal
Gravitation
The acceleration due to gravity varies

inversely as the square of the distance of an

object from earth’s center.

ma= G
At earth’s surface distance (d) corresponds to

Earth’s radius (r), which is equal to 6.389 x a= G

using newton’s law on universal gravitation
This shows that in the absence of air resistance,
and substituting ma for force give
objects to close the surface of Earth fall with equal
Given: What is the force of gravity between
M1= 75.0 kg two students of masses 7.5kg and
M2= 60.0 kg 60.0 kg separated 12.0 m?
D= 12.0 m
Using the formula for gravitational force:

=6.67x N/

= 2.08xN
IT'S A WRAP!

ti o n ar e :
s o f M o
n's L a w
Newto aw of Inertia
• The L t io n
A c c e le r a
w o f
• The La
te ra c ti o n
L a w o f In
• The i t a t ion
r sa l G r a v
of U n i ve
• La w
 Reference
Anthony, Elizabeth, et al. “What Are Newton's Laws?” OER Commons,
University of California Davis, 2013,
https://www.oercommons.org/courses/what-are-newton-s-laws/view
https://www.icegif.com/inertia-2/.
Members: Sir Isaac Newton

• Andrea maxene
cain

• Ruth messiah
teves