Tutorial Week 10
Statistics
Edward John Madou
Grace Irene Norris
Sima Vatandoost
School of Health Studies
Measures of Central Tendency
Consider the following 5 values from a theoretical data:
7 4 9 12 8
Calculate the mean and median
Now suppose there was a data entry error and the value of 12 as mistakenly recorder as 120:
7 4 9 120 8
Recalculate the mean and median.
What would you conclude?
Measures of Central Tendency
Consider the following 5 values from a theoretical data:
7 4 9 12 8
Calculate the mean and median
Mean: (7+4+9+12+8)/5=8
Median: Rank 4 7 8 9 12; median: 8
Now suppose there was a data entry error and the value of 12 as mistakenly recorder as 120:
7 4 9 120 8
Recalculate the mean and median.
Mean: (7+4+9+120+8)/5=30;
Median: Rank 4 7 8 9 120; median: 8
What would you conclude?
Range and Percentile
Find the range, 25th, 50th and 75th percentile for the set of measurements:
2 9 4 5 7 11 8 6 6 26 18 11
Range and Percentile
Find the range, 25th, 50th and 75th percentile for the set of measurements:
2 9 4 5 7 11 8 6 6 26 18 11
Solution:
1. Rank the measurements from smallest to largest:
2 4 5 │ 6 6 7 │ 8 9 11 │ 11 18 26
2. Range: 26-2=24
3. 25th: (5+ 6)/2
4. 50th: (7+ 8)/2 =median
5. 75th: 11
Box-plot
This box-plot has been generated using
a real date from community-
dwelling older adults (65-74Y)
measuring the mobility scores using
a validate scale. Higher scores
represent better mobility
1. What is the median value?
2. Calculate the interquartile range
from the information on the box-
plot.
3. Are there any outliers? If so,
what are the approximate values
of outliers? Are the values
implausible? Data error or
possibly real? Keep or delete?
Box-plot
This box-plot has been generated using a
real date from community-dwelling
older adults (65-74Y) measuring the
mobility scores using a validate scale.
Higher scores represent better mobility
1. What is the median value? 10
2. Calculate the interquartile range
from the information on the box-
plot. 11-8=3
3. Are there any outliers? If so, what
are the approximate values of
outliers? Are the values
implausible? Data error or possibly
real? Keep or delete?
Yes, values: 0, 1, 2, 3
Variance, standard deviation, standard
error
Calculate the variance, standard deviation, and standard error for this data set:
5 3 6 2
Variance, standard deviation, standard
error
Calculate the variance, standard deviation, and standard error for this data set:
5 3 6 2
Mean=(5+3+6+2)/4=4,
Variance=[(5-4)2+(3-4)2+(6-4)2+(2-4)2]/4(N, sample size)=[1+1+4+4]/4=10/4=2.5
Standard deviation=
Standard error= ===0.79
Each person individually
submits a short summary
of their work to the
personal DropDox
Due: Today 11:59pm