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Introduction To Network+ Lesson5

This document discusses various specialized network devices including VPN concentrators, firewalls, DNS servers, DDNS servers, DHCP servers, proxy servers, content engines, content switches, virtual servers/routers/firewalls, virtual switches, virtual desktops, and cloud computing services. It provides details on what each device or service is used for and key benefits such as security, bandwidth savings, load balancing, and allowing centralized access to user data from any device.

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mr moslehi85
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38 views

Introduction To Network+ Lesson5

This document discusses various specialized network devices including VPN concentrators, firewalls, DNS servers, DDNS servers, DHCP servers, proxy servers, content engines, content switches, virtual servers/routers/firewalls, virtual switches, virtual desktops, and cloud computing services. It provides details on what each device or service is used for and key benefits such as security, bandwidth savings, load balancing, and allowing centralized access to user data from any device.

Uploaded by

mr moslehi85
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Network+ Guide to Networks

Network Components(Specialized Network Devices)

‫محمد رضا مصلحی‬:‫مدرس‬


Specialized Network Devices

Virtual Private Network(VPN)

Companies with locations spread across multiple sites often require secure communications
between those sites. One option is to purchase multiple WAN connections interconnecting
those sites. Sometimes, however, a more cost-effective option is to create secure
connections through an untrusted network, such as the Internet. Such a secure tunnel is
called a Virtual Private Network (VPN).

A VPN concentrator is a type of networking device that


provides secure creation of VPN connections and
delivery of messages between VPN nodes. It is a type of
router device, built specifically for creating and
managing VPN communication infrastructures.
Specialized Network Devices

Firewalls

A firewall stands guard at the door of your network, protecting it from malicious Internet
traffic.
.You can implement a firewall in either hardware or software form, or a combination of both
Specialized Network Devices

DNS Servers
A Domain Name System (DNS) server performs the task of taking a domain name (for
example, www.ciscopress.com ) and resolving that name into a corresponding IP
address (for example, 10.1.2.3)
A fully qualified domain name (FQDN) is the complete domain name for a specific
computer, or host, on the Internet. The FQDN consists of two parts: the hostname and
the domain name. for example www.ciscopress.com

Top Level Domain


Specialized Network Devices

DNS Servers
A DNS server’s database contains not only FQDNs and corresponding IP addresses, but
also DNS record types. For example, a Mail Exchange (MX) record would be the record
type for an e-mail server.
‫‪Specialized Network Devices‬‬

‫‪DDNS Servers‬‬

‫‪DDNS‬مخف;ف کلم;ه ‪ Dynamic DNS‬می‬


‫باشد‪ .‬ای;ن س;رویس مانند‪ DNS‬عم;ل م;ی کن;د با‬
‫ای;ن تفاوت ک;ه ه;ر زمان;ی ک;ه ‪ IP‬تغیی;ر کند ‪IP‬‬
‫جدی;د را ب;ه شم;ا (س;رور ی;ا روت;ر شم;ا )خ;بر می‬
‫ده;د و س;رور ‪ IP‬جدی;د را به رکورد ‪DNS‬‬
‫شم;ا اختص;اص م;ی ده;د در اص;ل ب;ه صورت‬
‫داینامیک رکورد مربوطه را آپدیت می کند ‪.‬‬
Specialized Network Devices

DHCP Servers

Most modern networks have IP addresses


assigned to network devices, and those
logical Layer 3 addresses are used to route
traffic between different networks. One
option is to manually configure an IP
address on a device; however, such a
process is time consuming and error prone.
A far more efficient method of IP address
assignment is to dynamically assign IP
addresses to network devices. The most
common approach for this auto assignment
of IP addresses is Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP).
Specialized Network Devices

Proxy Servers
The proxy server receives the client’s
request, and on behalf of that client (that is,
as that client’s proxy), the proxy server
sends the request out to the Internet. When a
reply is received from the Internet, the
proxy server forwards the response on to the
client.

Benefit of Proxy Server


Security
Bandwidth savings
Content Filtering
Specialized Network Devices

Content Engines
some networks used dedicated appliances to
perform this content caching. These
appliances are commonly referred to as
caching engines or content engines .

Benefit of Proxy Server

WAN bandwidth savings


Specialized Network Devices
Content Switches
For companies with a large Internet
presence (for example, a search engine
company, an online book store, or a social
networking site), a single server could be
overwhelmed with the glut of requests
flooding in from the Internet. To alleviate
the burden placed on a single server, a
content switch (also known as a load
balancer) distributes incoming requests
across the various servers in the server
farm, each of which maintains an identical
copy of data and applications.
A major benefit of content switching is that it allows a server farm to scale. Specifically,
as demand increases, new servers can be added to the group of servers across which
requests are load balanced.
Specialized Network Devices

Virtual Servers, Virtual Routers and Firewalls


With the advent of virtualization, multiple servers (which
might be running different operating systems) can run in
virtual server instances on one physical device.
Although the virtual server in the figure uses a single
network interface card (NIC) to connect out to an
Ethernet switch, many virtual server platforms support
multiple NICs. Having multiple NICs offers increased
throughput and load balancing.
Most of the vendors who create physical routers and
firewalls also have an offering that includes virtualized
routers and firewalls. The benefit of using a virtualized
firewall or router is that the same features of routing and
security can be available in the virtual environment as
they are in the physical environment.
Specialized Network Devices

Virtual Switches
A virtual switch (vSwitch) is a software application
that allows communication between virtual
machines. A vSwitch does more than just forward
data packets, it intelligently directs the
communication on a network by checking data
packets before moving them to a destination.
Virtual Desktops
With virtual desktops, a user’s data is stored in a data
center rather than on an office computer’s hard drive.
By providing authentication credentials, a secure
connection can be established between the
centralized repository of user data and that user’s
device.
Specialized Network Devices

Cloud Computing

Loud computing is a general term for the delivery of hosted services over the internet.
Cloud computing enables companies to consume a compute resource, such as a virtual
machine (VM), storage or an application, rather than having to build and maintain
computing infrastructures in house.

A company purchasing cloud computing services has the option of public, private, or
hybrid cloud services.

Private cloud services include systems that only have interactions and
communications with other devices inside that same private cloud or system. Public
cloud services interact with devices on public networks such as the Internet and
potentially other public clouds. An environment in which there are private cloud
services but some of those services interact with public cloud is referred to as hybrid
cloud services .
Specialized Network Devices
Voice over IP Protocols and Components
A Voice over IP (VoIP) network digitizes the spoken voice into packets and transmits those
packets across a data network. This allows voice, data, and even video to share the same
medium.

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