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Tethys Ocean.

The document summarizes information about the Tethys Ocean, which existed during the Mesozoic Era between the ancient continents of Gondwana and Laurasia. It was divided into several divisions over time, including the Paleotethys, Mesotethys, Cenotethys, and Neo-Tethys oceans. As the continents drifted apart during the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods, the Tethys Ocean and its seas expanded and changed configurations. Remnants of the Tethys include the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea. The evolution of the Tethys Ocean played a key role in forming major Middle Eastern and North African petroleum basins.

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Abdallah Qatry
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151 views

Tethys Ocean.

The document summarizes information about the Tethys Ocean, which existed during the Mesozoic Era between the ancient continents of Gondwana and Laurasia. It was divided into several divisions over time, including the Paleotethys, Mesotethys, Cenotethys, and Neo-Tethys oceans. As the continents drifted apart during the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods, the Tethys Ocean and its seas expanded and changed configurations. Remnants of the Tethys include the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea. The evolution of the Tethys Ocean played a key role in forming major Middle Eastern and North African petroleum basins.

Uploaded by

Abdallah Qatry
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TETHYS OCEAN

• Under supervision of :
Prof. Dr. Gouda Ismail Abdel-Gawad
• Students :
Abdallah Ali Fahmy
Saif Atef Hasanin

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CONTEN
T
 Introduction
 Divisions
 Periods
 Importance
 References

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INTRODUCTION
The Tethys Ocean (Greek:), also
called the Tethys Sea or the
Neo-Tethys, was a prehistoric
ocean during much of the
Mesozoic Era and early Cenozoic
Era, located between the
ancient continents of Gondwana
and Laurasia, before the opening
of the Indian and Atlantic oceans
during the Cretaceous Period.

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DIVISIONS
 Paleotethys(Cambrian –
Early Triassic).
 Mesotethys.
 Cenotethys
 Neo-tethys (Late
Triassic – early Eocene
50 Ma.)

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SUB-DIVISIONS
 Paratethys (Eocene-Oligocene) :
 Called Western Tethys Ocean, or
Alpine Tethys Ocean .
 A large shallow inland sea that
stretched from the region north of the
Alps over Central Europe to the Aral
Sea in Central Asia.)
 Dried in pliocene 5 Ma.
 Mediterranean Sea & Black Sea are
remnants of the Paratethys Ocean .

 Prototethys .
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PERIODS

 Triassic : (250 My)


• Over the next 60 million years, that piece of shelf, known as Cimmeria,
traveled north, pushing the floor of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean under the
eastern end of northern Pangaea (early / proto- Laurasia)
 Jurassic : (150 My)
•Cimmeria finally collided with Laurasia.
•Laurasia and Gondwana began drifting apart, opening an extension of the
Tethys Sea between them which today is the part of the Atlantic Ocean
between the Mediterranean and the Caribbean.
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cretaceous period: (100 Mya)
Gondwana began breaking up, pushing Africa and India
north across the Tethys and opening up the Indian
Ocean.

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Cenozoic Era :(66 million years ago to the present).

During the Oligocene (33.9 to 23 Mya), large parts of central and


eastern Europe were covered by a northern branch of the Tethys
Ocean, called the Paratethys. The Paratethys was separated from
the Tethys with the formation of the Alps due to the alpine
Orogeny.

The Paratethys gradually disappeared, and became an isolated


inland sea.
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An important: effect of the
evolution of the Tethys Sea was
the formation of the giant
petroleum basins of North Africa
and the Middle East,
The interests of major countries
intersect And repel, he controls
important sea lanes .It contains more
than 40 percent of oil and gas
reserves.It covers three continents
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References :
• Kollmann, H. A. (1992). “Tethys—the Evolution of an Idea”. In Kollmann, H. A.;
Zapfe, H. (eds.). New Aspects on Tethyan Cretaceous Fossil Assemblages. Springer-
Verlag reprint ed. 1992. pp. 9–14. ISBN 978-0387865553. OCLC 27717529 .
Retrieved 6 October 2015.
• Stampfli, G. M.; Borel, G. D. (2002). “A plate tectonic model for the Paleozoic and
Mesozoic constrained by dynamic plate boundaries and restored synthetic oceanic
isochrons”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 196 (1): 17–33.
Bibcode:2002E&PSL.196…17S. Doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00588-X.

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