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q1 Week 4 Non Mendelian Multiple Alleles

This document discusses multiple alleles and codominance as patterns of non-Mendelian inheritance. It uses human blood types as an example of multiple alleles, where the ABO blood group is determined by three alleles - IA, IB, and i. The document provides examples of genotype and phenotype combinations for different blood types. It also gives examples and solutions for blood type inheritance problems.

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kyn chi
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62 views26 pages

q1 Week 4 Non Mendelian Multiple Alleles

This document discusses multiple alleles and codominance as patterns of non-Mendelian inheritance. It uses human blood types as an example of multiple alleles, where the ABO blood group is determined by three alleles - IA, IB, and i. The document provides examples of genotype and phenotype combinations for different blood types. It also gives examples and solutions for blood type inheritance problems.

Uploaded by

kyn chi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Non-Mendelian

Patterns of
Inheritance:
MULTIPLE ALLELES
OBJECTIVES:
1. Define Multiple Allelles;
2. Determine all possible combinations of
genes for a specific blood type;
3. Solve simple blood typing problems and
realize its importance.
What can you say about the phenotype of the
offspring?
CODOMINANCE
CODOMINANCE
 Isa heterozygote condition wherein both traits are
present simultaneously, rather than one fully
determining the phenotype. A speckled chicken is a
good example of codominance.
A cross between black and white chicken will produce
chicken with both black and white feathers. The
alleles for black feathers in some varieties of chicken
is codominant with the allele for white feathers.
CODOMINANCE
 In codominance, both alleles are expressed equally in
the phenotype of the heterozygote. For Example, red
cows crossed with white cows will have offspring that
are roan cows. Roan refers to cows with red and white
blotches.

 Can you give other examples of codominance?


CODOMINANCE
Another example that shows how co-dominance
pattern of inheritance is determined by genes is
in the blood typing in humans. An antigen is a
protein-bound to a sugar molecule found on the
surface of our red blood cells. A pair of alleles
(IA and IB) which controls one group of
antigens, help in determining the blood types of
an individual.
What is your blood type?
 e creative, clever, cooperative,
and passionate. You are a
cautious person when it comes
to decision-making. You are
good at multi-tasking. You are
well-organized and prefer
tidiness and things at their
designated place. You prefer to
be a perfectionist, attentive,
and consistent at whatever you
do. People with blood type A
are found to be more
emotionally intelligent.
 You are passionate, creative,
strong, and active. You are
cheerful, adventurous, open
to new experiences,
unconventional, and relaxed.
As per studies, your blood
type has the fastest brain. You
have an active imagination.
You have a sharp memory. You
are most likely to be very
good at subjects such as
mathematics and science. .
 You are a go-getter, daring,
social butterfly, cheerful,
confident, determined,
resilient, intuitive, and strong-
willed. You are also quite
generous and helpful. You
prefer to have a clear
consciousness. You usually keep
really high standards and big
goals for yourself. You work to
always find a way to achieve
your goals. You could also have
excellent leadership qualities.
 you are a diplomatic,
adaptable, mysterious,
charismatic, eccentric,
analytical, logical, outgoing
yet introverted kind of
individual. You have a
rational approach to things.
Though, you try to keep an
empathetic approach when
dealing with people..
MULTIPLE ALLELES
ABO Blood Types
 MULTIPLEALLELES IS A PATTERN OF INHERITANCE
WHEN A GENE MAY HAVE MORE THAN TWO ALLELES
FOR ANY GIVEN TRAITS

The ABO blood groups in humans as an example


of a gene that has multiple alleles
What are the examples of
multiple alleles?
GENOTYPE PHENOTYPE (blood
type)

1. IAIA or (AA) blood type A


2. IAi or (AO) blood type A
3. IBIB or (BB) blood type B
4. IBi or (BO) blood type B
5. IAIB or (AB) blood type AB
6. i i or (OO) blood type O
SAMPLE PROBLEM # 1
A women HOMOZYGOUS for blood type B
marries a man who is HETERZYGOUS type
A. What will be the possible genotypes and
phenotypes of their children?
Step 1: Determine genotypes of parents
Mom: IB IB
Dad: IAI
Step 2: Set up Punnett square
SAMPLE PROBLEM # 2
A man with type O blood marries a woman
with type AB blood. What will be the possible
genotypes and phenotypes of their children?
SAMPLE PROBLEM # 3
What is the probability that a couple whose
blood types are AB and O will have a type A
child?
Phenotype A B A O
Can receive O, A O, B A, B, AB, O
blood from: and O
(universal
recipient)
Can donate AB, A AB, B A A, B, AB,
blood to: B and O
(universal
donor)
KEY CONCEPTS:
In humans, there are four blood types
(phenotypes) A, B, AB, O.
Blood type is controlled by 3 alleles: A, B,O.
O is recessive, two O alleles must be present
for a person to have a type O Blood.
A and B are codominant. If a person receives an
A allele and a B allele, their blood type is AB.

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