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CELL

This document provides information about animal and plant cells. It defines a cell as the smallest unit that can live on its own and notes that cells make up all living organisms. It then describes the major structures of an animal cell, including the nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and various organelles. Specific organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes are defined. The structures and roles of plant cells are also outlined, highlighting differences from animal cells such as the presence of a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. A comparison table contrasts key features of plant and animal cells.

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MAAYER MUHAMMAD
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54 views10 pages

CELL

This document provides information about animal and plant cells. It defines a cell as the smallest unit that can live on its own and notes that cells make up all living organisms. It then describes the major structures of an animal cell, including the nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and various organelles. Specific organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes are defined. The structures and roles of plant cells are also outlined, highlighting differences from animal cells such as the presence of a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. A comparison table contrasts key features of plant and animal cells.

Uploaded by

MAAYER MUHAMMAD
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE CELL

Animal & Plant cell

PRESENTED BY:
MAAYER
AYYAN
ABDULLAH K.
What is a cell?
• Cell - the smallest unit that can live on its own.
- Fundamental unit of life
- Self replicating structure

• It makes up all living organisms and the tissues of the body.


• Major structures present in a cell are:
-Nucleus,
-Cell Membrane
-Cytoplasm and its organelles
Animal cell is a eukaryotic cell.

It has a cytoplasm enclosed in a


cell membrane.

The cytoplasm has certain


organelles that specialize in
different functions of the body.
ORGANELLE
organelle – specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a
eukaryotic cell. All of the organelles are located in the cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm: Cytoplasm is present in each cell, gel like material, mainly composed of
water, mineral salts, and proteins.
Organelles are:
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi body/ apparatus
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Ribosome
Centrioles
Lysosome
Microfilaments
Structure Role
Nucleus Controls the activity of the cell

Mitochondria Carries the process of respiration that uses oxidation of glucose to produce energy in the
form of ATP.

Endoplasmic reticulum 2 types, rough and smooth. The rough ER has ribosomes embedded onto it, where protein
is produced. The smooth ER has no ribosomes attached; Also, it produces lipids and
steroids, and metabolises carbohydrates.

Ribosome Proteins are made (synthesised) here.

Golgi apparatus The proteins made in ER can be transported to the Golgi body where proteins are modified
and packaged. Then, these proteins are released in the form of vesicles.

Lysosome a pouch of enzymes, which break down large macromolecules, and also degrade toxic and
old cell components.
• A plant cell is also a
eukaryotic cell
• It has the nucleus, ribosomes,
ER, Golgi body,
mitochondria, but does not
have centrioles, and small
vacuoles. Instead, it has a
large vacuole, a cell wall and
chloroplasts in the
cytoplasm.
Roles of each structure in the plant cell

Structure Role
Chloroplast Light energy is absorbed & changed into food here..
Controls the activity of the cell

Cell wall Support the cell and keeps its shape.

Vacuole liquid-filled, large parts of the cell which have many pigments,
enzymes and solutes present. It can also store food and water and
provide turgidity to the plants.
Comparison between plant & animal cell

cell membrane
SMALL vacuole nucleus LARGE vacuole cell
centrioles cytoplasm wall chloroplast
endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)
ribosome
cytoskeleton
mitochondria
golgi apparatus
Label the plant and animal cell Chloroplast
using the key words below
Ribosome Plant
Animal cell cell
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Cytoplasm

Nucleus Cell
wall

Cell membrane
Key words:
mitochondria, nucleus, ribosome, vacuole, chloroplast, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm

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