International Marketing
Service Course
Structure and principle of
empty container stacker
--Hydraulic system principle
of ECH
品质改变世界
三一集团
Development unit: Port
Machinery Division
Developer: Zhang Minghua
table of Contents
PART1 Overview
PART2 门架液压系统
Portal system
PART3 吊具液压系统
Spreader system
PART4 转向液压系统
steering system
制动、冷却液压系统
PART5
Braking 、 cooling hydraulic system
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一、 Overview
The hydraulic system of the
stacker is divided into two
parts: brake, steering hydraulic
system and working hydraulic
system, as shown in the figure.
Four gear pumps are installed
on the power take-off port of
the torque converter, and are
driven by the engine to achieve
the following functions: 1.
Steering and braking when the
vehicle is running; Control the
up, down, forward and
backward tilt of the mast.
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Hydraulic principle
一、 Overview diagram of stacker
Spreader system
Mast system
Damping
system
steering
system
Brake system cooling system
4
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一、 Overview Hydraulic principle
diagram of stacker
1-Oil pump; 2-Multi-way valve; 3-Fill valve; 4-Sequence valve; 5-Priority valve; 6-Double balance valve; 7-Lift
valve; 8-Pilot valve group; 9-Overflow valve; 10-directional valve; 11-relief valve; 12-directional valve; 13-
directional valve; 14-hydraulic lock; 15-steer; 16-brake valve; 17-brake control valve group; 18-radiator ; 19-
filter; 20- cooling switching valve; 21- one-way valve; 22- one-way throttle valve; 23- independent brake oil
tank; 24-hydraulic oil tank
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二、 Mast system bi-directional
balancing valve
The swing
hydraulic system
is composed of 2
swing cylinders
and 2 balance
valves to realize
the forward and tilting
backward tilting cylinders
of the gantry.
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二、 Mast system
Swing cylinder balance valve
Balance
valve Balance
pressure valve
adjustment pressure
adjustment
Pressure
without rod
With rod cavity pressure: cavity:10MPa
16MPa
note:
Both the left and right swing cylinders are equipped with a balance valve, which is
used to lock the cylinder and coordinate the movement of the left and right
swing cylinders. Without permission, you may not adjust the pressure value
here without permission.
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二、 Mast system
Lifting
cylinder
lifting
valve
group
lifting
cylinders
The lifting valve group is used to control the lifting of the lifting cylinders on both
sides, thereby driving the lifting of the inner mast
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二、 Mast system
Lifting cylinder valve group
Lifting pressure:
25MPa Lifting pressure:
25MPa
Lifting
pressure
manometer Lifting pressure
manometer
Left lift pressure valve group Right lift pressure valve group
Note: The pressure of the relief valve has been set at the factory, and it is
forbidden to adjust the pressure arbitrarily without permission.
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二、 Mast system
Lifting cylinder valve group
Lifting valve
assembly
Solenoid Directional Valve over flow return valve one way valve Pressure measuring device Overflow valve
Note: The pressure of the pressure regulating valve has been set at the
factory, and it is forbidden to adjust the pressure arbitrarily without
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二、 Mast system
Main valve
Transition
block
From the 40 pump
system
from priority
valve and 40
pump
lift/drop
link
Swinging cylinder valve
Oil return
Oil supply for spreader
flow
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二、 Mast system
Lift valve block in and out
Portal transition of oil
block
oil return of Lift valve
block overflow valve
Emergency Declin
return oil
Lifting oil supply
Lifting valve set confluence of single way Throttle one way valve
connection lifting and spreader main valve conflence lifting flow valve oil
returm
Emergency drop,overflow valve return
one way valve
The hydraulic oil of the two oil pumps merges in the transition
block to increase the hydraulic oil flow of the lifting cylinder, thereby
greatly increasing the lifting speed of the mast
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二、 Mast system 1.Machine hydraulic oil
1.Single oil way lifting (simultaneous
action of spreader)
2.Emergency drop
3.Normal decline
4.Confluence lift
5.Tilt forward
6. The door frame
leans back
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13
一、 Mast system
1 、 Mast hydraulic oil
b
1.Lift
2.Emergency drop
3.Normal decline
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二、 Mast system
2 、 Main valve oil
circuit
1 、 Pilot oil
supply
2 、 Lift
3.Confluence
lift
4 、 decline
5 、 Spreader oil
supply
6 、 Front swing
7 、 Back swing
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三、 Spreader system
The spreader pressure oil pipe (P) and oil return pipe (T) pass through the
roller on the top of the gantry and change as the gantry moves up and down.
The hydraulic principle diagram of the spreader system is shown in the figure:
1 overflow valve; 2 overflow valve; 3 electromagnetic
directional valve; 4 electromagnetic directional valve; 5
electromagnetic directional valve; 6 hydraulic lock
Hydraulic principle diagram of spreader system
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三、 Spreader system
lock and unlock
Side-shift extend, retract
The oil source required by the hydraulic system of the spreader is provided by the gear
pump, and the flow rate is adjusted by the multi-way valve. By operating the button on the
handle, the solenoid valve on the spreader is controlled to realize the lateral movement of the
spreader, the conversion between 20 feet and 40 feet, and the opening and closing of the twist
lock. The overflow valve functions as a safety valve. The role of the hydraulic lock is to ensure
that the spreader will not open when the lock is closed to avoid accidents. 。
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三、 Spreader system
1 、 Move left 4 、 40 feet to 20 feet
2 、 Right 5 、 Locked
3shift
、 20 feet to 40 feet 6 、 Unlock
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4. Steering system
Hydraulic principle diagram
of steering system:
The steering system
hydraulic system consists of:
1. Steering pump
2. Confluence check valve
3. Priority valve
4. Full hydraulic steering
gear
5. Steering cylinder
Features of full hydraulic steering system of stacker:
Non-mechanical connection between steering gear and steering wheel (hydraulic tube connected to steering
cylinder)
Easy installation and layout
The dual-pump oil supply steering is adopted, the oil supply is large, the steering torque of the steering wheel is
small, and the labor is saved
With priority steering, hydraulic is more energy-saving and safer
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四、 steering system
优先阀 Priority valve
Check valve 合流止回阀
The steering system of the
stacker is fed by two
pumps through a check
valve, which is first fed to
the steering gear through
the priority valve. When
not turning, the main
valve is supplied with oil.
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4. Steering system
优先阀 Priority valve to port P of
steering sear
Priority
valve
Ls1 port connecting
Steering device
Excess flow
valve block
Main valve
oil returnT port P
丹佛斯优先阀
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4. Steering system
优先阀 Priority valve
安全阀 P口
优先阀芯
接油箱
负载反馈进口
优先阀控制弹簧
接主阀合流 给转向器供油
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4. Steering system
全液压转向器 Hydraulic redirector
23
4. Steering system
全液压转向器 Hydraulic redirector
Bidirectional charge valve
Bidirectional
Relief valve
T LS
P L check valve
Safety valve
R
Inlet check valve
Danfoss steering gear
24
4. Steering system
1 、 Turn
left
2 Turn
right
Eaton steering
De-join
the main
valve
Eaton Priority Valve
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4. Steering system
Full hydraulic
steering
Full hydraulic steering has the following advantages
Good pressure compensation for changes in steering load
The steering circuit and other working circuits do not affect each other. The main flow priority is to ensure
the steering circuit. When the steering gear is in the neutral position, only a small amount of flow passes
through the steering gear.
The pressure and flow of the steering circuit keep priority, and the steering is reliable
The median pressure characteristic is not affected by displacement
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5. Braking and cooling system
The output oil of the brake circuit gear pump is connected to the charging valve, and the accumulator is filled
with oil through the one-way valve. When the pressure reaches the pressure set by the charging valve, the gear
pump will unload and the oil is transferred to the cooling system. . The one-way valve prevents the pressure oil
stored in the accumulator from leaking back to the oil tank when the gear pump is ready for speed or stopped. The
accumulator is filled with nitrogen at a certain pressure and is used for emergency braking. The brake hydraulic
circuit includes the parking brake hydraulic circuit and the service brake hydraulic circuit, as shown in the figure.
1 gear pump; 2 brake valve; 3 filling valve; 4 pressure switch; 5 accumulator; 6
solenoid valve; 7 balance valve; 8 ball valve; 9 filter
Brake hydraulic circuit
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5. Brake cooling
1. Parking brake circuit
The parking brake solenoid valve controls the parking brake. The forklift brake
is hydraulically released and spring braked. When the parking brake is operated,
the parking solenoid valve is energized, and the pressure oil in the accumulator
enters the parking brake through the solenoid valve to overcome the spring force
and open the parking brake. At the same time, the pressure relay S9 acts, sends
out an electrical signal, the parking brake indicator goes out, and the electrical
chain is released, so that the power shift transmission can be geared to drive.
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5. Brake cooling
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5. Brake cooling
2. Service brake circuit
The service brake is hydraulic brake and spring release type. When driving the brake, step on the
brake valve, the brake fluid of the accumulator.
The brake valve enters the service brake, overcomes the force of the spring, and presses the
brake friction plate to realize the service brake and the pressure relay.
The S10 will act and send a signal to turn on the service brake indicator, and the pressure of the
service brake will be fed back to the brake valve.
The machine can intuitively feel and adjust the size of the driving braking force through the foot
pedal.
Tan
from 20cc
pump line
pressure
Brake port with
cooling line sensing
device
inlet
Accumulator Pressure por
brake valve
刹车阀
Tank line 充液阀管路 port P
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5. Brake cooling
3, Cooling circuit
Hydraulic Pressure:
5MPa
radiator
Pressure-
measuring
point Hydraulic
motor
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5. Brake cooling
1 、 Accumulator
charging
2 、 Cooling oil circuit
3 、 Parking brake
4 、 Service
brake
T>50℃
32
Overall review and summary
1 、 Main gains:
Master the hydraulic principle of stacker.
Master basic hydraulic failure analysis capabilities.
2. Further study (necessary):
In order to further in-depth study and master related content, it is
recommended that you study hydraulics, pneumatics and hydraulic
components after class.
3. Practice and application (necessary):
After this course, we can practice and explore in company commissioning
center, customer yard and other occasions or scenarios.
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Welcome questions and
exchanges
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