LTE eRAN6.
0 Handover
Fault Diagnosis
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Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Deep understand the handover procedure
Solve the typical handover fault
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Page3
Contents
1. Handover Procedure Review
2. Handover KPI Introduction
3. Handover Fault Analysis
4. Case Study
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Page4
Typical X2 Handover Flow
See note page
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Key Message – Measurement
Configuration
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Key Message – Measurement Report
Both include serving cell and
neighbor cell
PCI should be included as an
indicator of neighbor cell.
Multiple neighbor cells
measurement results could be
combined inside
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Key Message – Handover Request
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Key Message – Handover Acknowledgment
After target eNodeB admitted
handover in service, it sends
handover acknowledgment
message to source cell,
including:
ERAB admitted list
Transparent RRC
handover command Transparent RRC handover
command
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Key Message – RRC Handover Command
Source eNodeB send RRC
handover command to UE,
including:
Target cell PCI
Radio resource configuration
RACH configuration
Handover security
configuration
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Page10
Contents
1. Handover Procedure Review
2. Handover KPI Introduction
3. Handover Fault Analysis
4. Case Study
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Handover Success Rate Evaluation
Source Target
UE
eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement report
Handover Request
Handover preparation A
attempts
B Handover Acknowledge
Handover Command
Handover execution
attempts
Omitted procedure
UE Context Release
C
Handover execution
Success
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Relevant Counters – Intra eNB HO
UE eNodeB
HO out attempt count point：
Measurement Report If it is intra-frequency HO, then the
counterL.HHO.IntraeNB.IntraFreq.ExecAttOut plus 1
HO decision
If it is inter-frequency HO，then counter
RRC Connection
L.HHO.IntraeNB.InterFreq.ExecAttOut plus 1
Reconfiguration (Mobility
Control) HO out successful point
If it is intra-frequency HO, then counter
RRC Connection L.HHO.IntraeNB.IntraFreq.ExecSuccOut plus 1
Reconfiguration Complete
If it is inter-frequency HO, then counter
L.HHO.IntraeNB.InterFreq.ExecSuccOut plus 1
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Relevant Counters – Inter eNB HO
UE Source eNB Target eNB
HO out attempt count point：
Measurement Report If it is intra-frequency HO, then the
counterL.HHO.IntraeNB.IntraFreq.ExecAttOut plus 1
HO decesion
If it is inter-frequency HO，then counter
Handover Request L.HHO.IntraeNB.InterFreq.ExecAttOut plus 1
Handover Request
RRC Connection ACK
Reconfiguration
(Mobility Control)
HO out successful point
Other Signaling If it is intra-frequency HO, then counter
UE Context Release L.HHO.IntraeNB.IntraFreq.ExecSuccOut plus 1
If it is inter-frequency HO, then counter
L.HHO.IntraeNB.InterFreq.ExecSuccOut plus 1
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Handover Preparation Failure Counter
Measurement Counter Description
L.HHO.Prep.FailOut.MME Number of outgoing handover preparation failures due
to faults in the EPC
L.HHO.Prep.FailOut.NoRep Number of outgoing handover preparation failures due
ly to no responses from the target cell
L.HHO.Prep.FailOut.PrepFa Number of outgoing handover preparation failures due
ilure to handover preparation failures at the target cell
L.HHO.Prep.FailOut.HOCa Number of outgoing handover failures due to handover
ncel cancellation messages sent by the source cell
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Page15
Contents
1. Handover Procedure Review
2. Handover KPI Introduction
3. Handover Fault Analysis
4. Case Study
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Contents
3. Handover Fault Analysis
3.1 Typical Handover Fault Scenarios
3.2 Generic Procedure
3.2 Problem Diagnosis & Analysis
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Early Handover
Source Target
UE
eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement report
Handover Request
Handover Acknowledgy
Handover Command
Random access procedure
RLF in target
eNodeB
RRC Reestablishment request
Check if UE context exist, if
exist, then consider as one
early handover
RRC reestablishment setup
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Delayed Handover
Source Target
UE
eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement report
Handover Request
Handover Acknowledgyment
Handover command
RLF in source
eNodeB
RRC reestablishment request
RRC reestablishment setup
Notify RLF to source cell
If UE context exists
in source cell,
eNodeB considers it
as delay handover
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Delayed Handover (Cont.)
Source Target
UE
eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement control
RLF in source
eNodeB
RRC reestablishment request
RRC reestablishment reject
Handover late indication
(Private X2 message)
If UE context exists
in source cell,
eNodeB considers it
as delay handover
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Contents
3. Handover Fault Analysis
3.1 Typical Handover Fault Scenarios
3.2 Generic Procedure
3.2 Problem Diagnosis & Analysis
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Key Impact Factors for Handover
EPC fault eNodeB fault UE factor
Device • EPC replies handover • Relevant alarm
preparation failure
• Specific UE
fault exists for the
problem
• EPC fault causes modules
abnormal handover flow
Coverage issue Neighbor issues Capacity issue
Radio
planning
• Poor coverage in • Missing neighbor • Admission failure
handover area • Mistake neighbor • CPU overload
issues • No major pilot in configuration/PCI
handover area conflict
• Black cell
configuration
Parameters
Parameters issue RF channel issue Transport issue
& channel • Incorrect handover • UL interference • Incorrect configuration
event parameters • RF channel problem • Transmission fault
• Incorrect radius
configuration
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General Process
Determine the scale of problem
From the performance statistic, we can determine the scale of the problem, is it
global problem, or cell level problem or just some individual UE problem. Then we
can select bottom N cell as optimization target
Customer complain is an effective way to locate the individual UE problem
For large scale handover failure
Check eNodeB alarm and basic configuration
Check EPC alarm and configuration
Check RF channel problem
Once RF channel is abnormal, such as high VSWR, low RSSI Too Low or RSSI is
unbalanced, then the access performance should be significantly affected.
After we exclude the hardware fault and transmission fault, we could analysis the
signaling to find out the root causes
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Proceed for Signaling Analysis
Step 1: Located fault point
From the tracing message, we can located the handover fault point, there’re 3
key fault points during handover procedure
No measurement report
No handover command
No handover complete message
Step 2: Analyze the root cause
Channel quality issue
Configuration issue
Transmission quality issue
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Generic Analysis Method
Channel quality problem
Observe RSRP,RSRQ, SINR IBLER, DL/UL grant from driver test tools
Observer performance monitoring from M2000 including scheduling statistic, CQI report,
MCS, SINR eg.
Configuration problem
Check the neighbor/ANR configuration
Check the X2 configuration
Check EPC authentication & security configuration
Transmission problem
Check relevant alarm
Check the latency using some packet analysis tools
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Page25
Contents
3.3 Problem Diagnosis & Analysis
3.3.1 No measurement report
3.3.2 No handover command
3.3.3 No handover complete message
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Problem Analysis –No Measurement
Control Message
Scenario : eNodeB doesn’t send measurement control message
Solution: Check related handover switch
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Problem Analysis – Black List
Configuration
Scenario : UE receives measurement control message, but UE
doesn’t send any measurement report
Possible cause:
The neighbor cell is in black list. In the SIB message eNdoeB delivers
all black cell list, then UE doesn’t measure any of these cells
Solution: check if all the neighbor belongs to black list
LST INTRAFREQBLKCELL
LST INTERFREQBLKCELL
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Problem Analysis – Poor DL Quality
Scenario : UE receives measurement control message, but UE
doesn’t send any measurement report
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General Coverage Requirement for
Handover
RSRP: More than -110dBm
RSRQ: More than -3dB
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Problem Analysis –Parameters Setting
Due to improper parameters setting, the criteria for sending
measurement report is very difficult
Related parameters:
A3 event: Mn+Ofn+Ocn-Hys > Ms+Ofs+Ocs+Off
Ocn can be adjusted to easily trigger the report sending
A4 event: Mn+Ofn+Ocn-Hys > Thresh
Ocn can be adjusted to easily trigger the report sending
Solution ： This case is considered as delayed handover, we can
enable MRO feature to optimize it automatically
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Contents
3.3 Problem Diagnosis & Analysis
3.3.1 No measurement report
3.3.2 No handover command
3.3.3 No handover complete message
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Page32
Problem Analysis – No Available Neighbor
Configuration
Source
UE
eNodeB
Measurement report
(Including target cell ID)
eNodeB check the neighbor
configuration, if reported cell
is not correct configured in
NRT, then eNodeB doesn’t
send handover request
Neighbor can be configured by manual or ANR
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Handover Flow with ANR
Source Target
UE
eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement report (PCI
included
No related neighbor
configuration
Request to read eCGI
Read BCH to get eCGI
Report eCGI
Source eNdoeB configure it
in NRT
Handover Request
Following procedure is the
same as normal handover
ANR request UE support CGI report capability
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Problem Analysis – Target Cell
Admission Failure
Source Target
UE
eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement report
Handover Request
Execute admission
control
Admission reject
Due to the high load of target cell, it rejects the admission of
handover in service
Solution: Enable relevant load control algorithms on target cell
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Problem Analysis – Transmission Failures
Source Target
UE
eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement report
Handover Request
Handover preparation Failur
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Problem Analysis – Transmission Failures
(Cont.)
Source Target
UE
eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement report
Handover Request
Very long preparing time
Handover Acknowledgment
Handover Cancel
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Page38
Contents
3.3 Problem Diagnosis & Analysis
3.3.1 No measurement report
3.3.2 No handover command
3.3.3 No handover complete message
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Page39
Problem Analysis – Poor DL Coverage
Source Target
UE eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement report
Handover Request
Handover Acknowledgment
Handover Command
UE can not decode
handover
command due to
poor DL coverage
Due to poor DL coverage of source cell, UE can’t decode
handover command
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Page40
Problem Analysis – Poor UL Coverage
Source Target
UE eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement report
Handover Request
Handover Acknowledgment
Handover Command
Random access request
RLF Occurs
Due to poor uplink channel quality, eNodeB doesn’t receive
random access preamble until UE sends maximum preambles
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Page41
Contents
1. Handover Procedure Review
2. Handover KPI Introduction
3. Handover Fault Analysis
4. Case Study
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Page42
Case 1: Inter TA Handover Due to
Missing IP Path
Description: In one project, we find a lot of handover failure.
From the statistic, we observe that most of these failures happen
between inter TA cell.
Analysis
From the tracing message, we see that the failure cause is handover
preparation failure, the failure cause is GTUP resource not available
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Analysis
Source eNodeB
Target eNodeB
SGW
Handover request
(Including current
SGW IP)
Handover Setup UL S1 beaerer
acknowledgy
In the handover request message, source eNodeB deliver the target
GTPU ID (SGW IP address) to let target eNodeB setup uplink S1
bearer directly. We check the IP address of SGW in the message,
and find that it is not identical with target eNodeB configuration
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Solution
Later we confirm this issue, this TA border is also the border of two regions
which use different SGW. And in each region ,only one IP path is configured
for current eNodeB to SGW. So the handover will be failure when cross the
different SGW.
Solution
Configure S1 IP path from the target eNodeB to source SGW, then the problem
is solved
Suggestion: This is a very typical problem, on the border cell of inter SGW,
we should remember to configure the IP path to the SGW which belongs to
the target cell as well.
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Page45
Case 2: Handover Failure Due to No
Handover Command
Description: UE sends measurement report to eNB several times ,
but no feed back from eNodeB
Tracing message from eNodeB
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Page46
Case 2 – Analysis
From the previous message, we can see that before the
measurement report, eNB sends one “RRC reconfiguration”
message, but the UE doesn’t feedback the complete message.
Then we check trace on UE side, and find that UE doesn’t receive
the RRC reconfiguration message
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Case 2 – Conclusion
Due to poor DL coverage, UE doesn’t receive the RRC
reconfiguration message, thus no complete feedback. As the
previous RRC reconfiguration procedure is not completed,
eNodeB is still waiting for reconfiguration feedback and
measurement report is not processed.
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Page48
Summary
Handover flow analysis
Troubleshooting for typical handover fault
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Page49
Thank you
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