Inverse Functions and

Exponential Functions,
Exponential Equations, and
Exponential Inequalities
General Mathematics
•Pre-Test
Instructions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your chosen
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
For numbers 1 & 2, use One Philippine Peso is equal to 2.19 Japanese Yen
(but these values can be higher or lower based on economic factors.)
1. Dimples Romana is planning to tour Japan by December she has 5000
Philippine Peso (PHP) and wants to exchange it to Japanese Yen (JPY),
how much will she receive after the exchanged from Philippine Peso to
Japanese Yen?
A. 9, 950 JPY C. 10,950 JPY
B. 10, 000 JPY D. 11, 000 JPY
2. She needs 18,500 JPY for that travel, how much in Php should she
save?
A. around 7,000 PHP C. around 8,000 PHP
B. around 7,500 PHP D. around 8,500 PHP
3. If Alden Richard’s height is 1.8 meters, what will be its equivalent in
feet, use 1 meter = 3.28 feet?
A. 5.904 𝑓𝑡
C. 5.950 𝑓𝑡
B. 5.925 𝑓𝑡
D. 5.750 𝑓𝑡
4. The hottest day in Cebu was experienced last March 9, 2020 at 2:59
p.m. recorded at 32.6ºC, what is its equivalent in Fahrenheit?
A. 90.68ºF
C. 90.88ºF
B. 90.78ºF
D. 90.98ºF
5. A person deciding to go on a diet for 3 months loses 18 kg of his
weight every
month. This statement best describes what function?
A. Exponential Decay
C. Inverse Function
B. Exponential Growth
D. Logarithmic Function
6. A chain message where each person sends 3 letters to 3 persons.
This statement best describes what function?
A. Exponential Decay
C. Inverse Function
B. Exponential Growth
D. Logarithmic Function
Solving Problems Involving
Inverse Functions
Lesson 16
• At the end of
this lesson, you are
expected to solve
problems involving
inverse functions.
Activity 16.1: Graphing Inverse Functions
Instructions: Graph the Inverse of each function below. Copy and
answer on a graphing paper.

1. 2.
•Horizontal Line Test
• A graph of a function has an
inverse function if any horizontal
line drawn through it intersects
the graph at only one point.
•Example: There are many real-life situations
around us where inverse functions are applicable.
•One of this is Currency Exchange.
•One U.S. Dollar is equal to 49.40 Philippine Peso
(but these values can be higher or lower based on
economic factors.)
a. Express the exchange rate into function from dollars to pesos.
P(d) = 49.40d in Pesos where d is the currency value in dollars
b. Express the exchange rate into function from pesos to dollars.
The inverse function would be P-1(d) = 0.02d
c. Determine the amount in Pesos that can be exchanged for
$500.00 U.S. dollars
P (500) = 49.40(500) = Php 24, 700
•d. Determine the amount in U.S. Dollars
that can be exchanged for Php 2,500.00
•P-1(2500) = 0.02(2500) = U.S. $50.00
•Example: Parking fee at Cebu City charges
₱20.00 for the first 3 hours and ₱5.00 per
hour for the succeeding hours.
•a. Express the parking rate into a function
model.
•P(h) = 5(h – 3) + 20 where amount of
money charge for parking and h is the
number of hours parked.
•b. Find the Parking charges for a whole day
of parking. P (24) = 5(24 – 3) + 20 = ₱125.00
NOW IT’S YOUR TURN!
Activity 16.2: Solving word problems involving Inverse Functions
Instructions: Solve the following word problems and write it in a separate sheet
of paper. Show your solution for c & d.
1. According to DOST-PAGASA Cebu City’s current temperature is 27ºC. Peter, a
British national, wants to know the temperature in ºF. Find:
a. The function model of ºC. Use C(t) where C is Celsius, and t is the
temperature
b. The inverse function of the original function model
c. What is the temperature in ºF?
d. Peter wants to bake a cake at 350 ºF and is interested to know its
equivalent in ºC, how do you teach him temperature conversion?
2. The head circumference is related to height of
the child in inches, this can be expressed as H(C)
= 2.15C – 10.53 where C is the head
circumference and H is the height. a. What is the
head circumference as a function of H? (Inverse
function) b. What is the height if the head
circumference is 20 inches? c. What is the head
circumference of a child who is 52 inches tall?
Remember
Activity 16.3: Solving word problems involving Inverse Functions
Instructions: Solve the following word problems and write it in a separate
sheet of paper. Show your solution for c & d.
LTFRB mandates that jeepney fare should be ₱8.00 for the first 4 kilometers
plus an additional ₱1.00 for every succeeding kilometer.
a. Express the jeepney rate in function model. Let R be the
rate and k the kilometer.
b. What is the inverse of the original function model?
c. How much should be charged by the driver if you will
travel from Cebu City to Talisay City, approximately 13
kilometers?
d. How far is Danao City from Cebu City if the jeepney fare
is ₱52.00?
Lesson 17

Representing
Real-Life
Situations Using
Exponential
Functions
•At the end of this
lesson, you are
expected to
represent real-life
situations using
exponential
functions.
•Relationships
in Real Life
which are
Exponential in
Nature
•Image 1. Cat with her kittens
 A cat usually gives birth to 4
kittens. If a cat gives birth to 4 cats,
and four cats in turn gives birth to
four cats each, how many cats will
there be after four cats give birth?
Relational statements such as mass of a 200-
gram sample of an element being reduced to
100 grams after 10 years is an example of a
decreasing function or an exponential decay.
The period where this occurs is called half-
life.
•You will encounter terms such
as appreciate and growth for
increase, and terms such as
depreciate, half-life or decay for
decrease in the discussions on
exponential functions.
Activity 17.1: Exponential growth and decay
Instructions: Identify whether the following statements describes an
exponential growth or exponential decay and write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper.
1. The population of Cebu City doubles every 3 decades.
2. The amount of radioactive isotope of carbon has a half-life of 5500
years.
3. A colony of COVID -19 bacteria grows by 20% every half hour.
4. An amount deposited by Daniel Padilla in a bank earns a
compound interest
of 6% yearly.
5. The value of a car depreciates 10% of its amount every year.
Given a Table of Ordered Pairs, State Whether the
Trend is Exponential or Not
A relation which exhibits an exponential change can
be described by a set of values in a table. In your
study of the table of values of linear and quadratic
functions, you get a constant value in the first
differences in y in a linear function while a constant in
the second differences in a quadratic function.
•When you divide the
consecutive values of y you get
equal ratios.
•This type of relation where a
constant ratio between two
consecutive values for y for
equal differences in x is what
we call an exponential function.
Try this out
Activity 17.2: Linear, Quadratic, and Exponential functions.
Instructions: Tell whether the following table of values describe a linear, quadratic or
exponential function. Copy and answer on a separate sheet of paper. Illustrate the first or
second differences or equal ratios in y.
Some of the most common applications in real-life
of exponential functions and their transformations
are population growth, exponential decay, and
compound interest.

Case 1: Population Growth On several instances,

scientists will start with a certain number of bacteria
or animals and watch how the population grows. For
example, if the population doubles every 3 days, this
can be represented as an exponential function.
•Case 3: Compound Interest A
starting amount of money (called
the principal) can be invested at a
certain interest rate that is earned
at the end of a given period (such as
one year). If the interest rate is
compounded, the interest earned at
the end of the period is added to
the principal, and this new amount
will earn interest in the next period.
The same process is repeated for
each succeeding period: interest
previously earned will also earn
interest in the next period.
•Example 3: Mrs. De la Cruz invested
P100,000. in a Shamrock Company
that offers 6% interest compounded
annually. How much will this
investment be worth at the end of
each year for the next five years?
Solution: Let t be the time in years. Then we have:
Initially, at t = 0 Investment = P100,000
at t = 1 Investment = P100,000(1.06) = ₱106,000
at t = 2 Investment = P106,000(1.06) = ₱112,360
at t = 3 Investment = P112,360(1.06) ≈ ₱119,101.60
at t = 4 Investment = P119,101.60(1.06) ≈ ₱126,247.70
at t = 5 Investment = P26,247.70(1.06) ≈ ₱133,822.56

An exponential model for this situation is y = 100,000(1.06) t. The

investment at Shamrock Company is worth ₱133,822.56.
 • Case 4: The Natural Exponential Function While an
exponential function may have various bases, a frequently
used based is the irrational number e ≈ 2.71828.
Succeeding Lessons will show how the number e arises
from the concept of compound interest. Because e is a
commonly used based, the natural exponential function is
defined having e as the base.
NOW IT’S YOUR TURN!
Activity 17.3: Solving word problems involving Exponential function.
Instructions: Solve and check the following on a separate sheet of paper. Write legibly and neatly.

1. Suppose a couple invested ₱50,000 in a BPI Mutual fund account when their
child was born, to prepare for the child's college education. If the average
interest rate is 4.4% compounded annually, (a) give an exponential model for
the situation, and (b) will the money be doubled by the time the child turns 18
years old?
2. Suppose that the half-life of a substance is 250 years. If there were initially
100 g of the substance, (a) give an exponential model for the situation, and (b)
how much will remain after 500 years?
3. A population at Mambaling, Cebu City starts with 1,000 individuals and
triples every 80 years. (a) Give an exponential model for the situation. (b) What
is the size of the population after 100 years?
Remember
Lesson 18
Exponential
Functions, Equations,
and Inequalities
 o distinguish between
At the end of this exponential function,
lesson, you are exponential equation,
expected to: and exponential
inequality.
Image 2. Binary fission of amoeba
•The amoeba, a single-celled organism that
reproduces by a process called binary fission. This
means that one amoeba can split in half and make
two identical new amoebas when it reaches its
maturity. An amoeba which does so every minute is
placed in a jar at exactly ten o’clock in the morning.
After eight minutes, how many amoebas are there in
the jar?
• An exponential equation or inequality can
be solved for all x values that satisfy the
equation or inequality (Lesson 14). An
exponential function is not `solved' Rather, it
expresses a relationship between two variables
(such as x and y) and can be represented by a
table of values or a graph (Lesson 20).
Remember