Atec 2041

Automotive Safety Tools and Equipment

Chapter 1
1. Occupational Health & Safety
 This Learning Outcome Covers:
1. Understanding and Practicing
Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S)
 Engine Diagnosis, Tune-up,
1.1 Understanding Testing Performance
and Practicing OH&S

Safety in the workplace

Safety is everyone’s responsibility
Accidents are prevented by the combined
efforts of everyone.
It is the duty of every employee to perform
work safely
always be mindful of the safety of your
fellow workers.
 Engine Diagnosis, Tune-up,
1.1 Understanding Testing Performance
and Practicing OH&S

If you have an accident you may suffer from:

Pain and inconveniences

Possible reduction of earnings

 Engine Diagnosis, Tune-up,
1.1 Understanding Testing Performance
and Practicing OH&S

 Being kept out of things, at work, in sport and in social

activities

Individuals must learn without hurting themselves or endangering fellow workers.

Your efforts are important in keeping your workplace safe.
 Engine Diagnosis, Tune-up,
1.1 Understanding Testing Performance
and Practicing OH&S

Occupational Health & Safety Objectives:

 To secure the health, safety and welfare of persons at work
 To protect the persons at the workplace, against the hazards
ascending out of the activities.
 To promote an occupational environment for individuals at
work, with concern to the physiological and psychological
needs.
 Engine Diagnosis, Tune-up,
1.1 Understanding Testing Performance
and Practicing OH&S

Employer Duties/Responsibilities:
1. Every employer shall ensure the health and safety of
his/her employees.
2. To provide system of work that is free from hazards.
3. To engage in ensuring safety by means of handling,
storage or transport of substances.
4. To arrange for such information, instruction, training,
and supervision as may be necessary to ensure
health and safety at work
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and Practicing OH&S

Duties and Responsibilities of employee’s:

***With the overall responsibilities of the employer,
employees also are required to take care of their own
health and safety and of those around them.
 Engine and
Duties Diagnosis, Tune-up, Testing
Responsibilities Performance
of Employee’s:

Ensuring that they do not take any action or faults that

creates a health or safety risk.
 Engine and
Duties Diagnosis, Tune-up, Testing
Responsibilities Performance
of Employee’s:

Working together with the employer to ensure that

health and safety environment are met. - Including
training, reporting, and reviewing information.
 Engine and
Duties Diagnosis, Tune-up, Testing
Responsibilities Performance
of Employee’s:

Using machines and tools according to instructions.

 Engine
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of Hazards in theTesting Performance
workplace :

Unsafe Act
Unsafe Conditions

*Accidents are not always caused by a person hurting himself

* Rather caused by a person failing to act safely or to correct
an unsafe condition.
 Engine
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examples Testing
relating Performance
to unsafe acts :

Using equipment without receiving training in its

use.

Using tools and equipment the wrong way

 Engine
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typical Tune-up,
examples Testing
relating Performance
to unsafe acts :

Fails to use personal protective equipment

Fooling around or playing practical jokes during work.

 Engine
Some Diagnosis,
typical Tune-up,
examples Testing
relating Performance
to unsafe acts :

Hurrying and taking dangerous workshops short cuts

through the workshop.

Distracting others from work or allowing yourself to

be distracted.
 Engine
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of unsafe Performance
conditions :

Lack of instruction in safe workplace methods

Lack of training
 Engine
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examplesTune-up, Testing
of unsafe Performance
conditions :

Unsuitable clothing
for the task

Poor lighting,
excessive noise

Lack of safeguards on
machines or engines
 Engine
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steps Tune-up,risk
to eliminate Testing Performance
in the workplace :

Avoiding Unsafe Acts

Eliminating unsafe conditions
Developing your safety awareness
Avoiding Unsafe Acts

1. Walk, Don’t run

2. Do not play practical jokes, trip or wrestle another

person
 Avoiding Unsafe Acts

3. Do not play with fire, electricity, compressed air or water

hoses.

4. Concentrate on the job you are doing,

but be aware of what is happening
around you.
 Avoiding Unsafe Acts
5. Take notice of signs and barriers in the workplace

6. Do not distract anyone who is concentrating on the

job.
Eliminate Unsafe conditions
1. Slippery floors

2. Bad lighting
3. An untidy, or
dusty workplace

4. Defective hand tools

Eliminate Unsafe conditions

5. Unguarded Machinery

6. Poorly stacked materials

 Develop Safety Awareness

1. Attend safety training

2. Read memos and

newsletters about safety

3. Discuss safely regularly—

at toolbox meeting
 Develop Safety Awareness

4. Mentally identifying hazards prior each tasks

5. Encourage others to improve their safety practices

Risk Management

A Hazard - is a potential source of injury or loss.

A Risk - is the likelihood and consequences of injury
or loss.
Risk Management – Three Steps:
1. Hazard Identification
2. Risk Assessment
3. Risk Control
 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
*A hazard is a condition with the potential
to cause injury or damage.
Hazard has six classification:
• Physical – Noise, vibration, lighting, electrical, heat and cold,
dust, fire or explosion, machine guarding, working space.
• Chemical – Gases, dusts, fumes, vapours, liquids.
• Ergonomic – Tool design, equipment design, job/task design,
work station design, manual handling.
• Radiation – Microwaves, infrared, ultra-violet, lasers (non-
ionising) and x–rays, gamma-rays (ionising).
• Psychological – Shift work, workload, dealing with the public,
harassment, discrimination, threat of danger, low level constant
noise.
• Biological – Infectious diseases, bacteria and viruses.
 Hazard Identification – Techniques
 Observing hazards involves the following questions:

Environment
• What hazards or potential hazards can be seen?
• If work in enclosed spaces is involved, gases, ventilation and electrical or other
services be potential hazards.

Equipment
• What are the dangers of using the equipment required for the task?
• What safety measures or equipment is normally used?
 Weight
• What has to be lifted, held or moved?
• Can one person perform the task?
• Is mechanical assistance needed?
Hazard Identification – Techniques

Posture
 • How much bending or stretching is required to complete the
task?
 • Are the demands of the task reasonable or is assistance
required?

Duration
 • How long will the task take?
 • Will additional time be needed?
 • Will additional staff be needed to relieve the person doing the
task to avoid fatigue?
 You can identify a number of risks for any work you do. The next
question is how big are these risks?
 WHAT IS RISK ASSESSMENT?
Risk assessment is the process of defining
the likelihood of a hazard causing injury &
the severity of the injury. The level of risk
determines what you are going to do about
it.
Measures of assessing risk are:

Severity of possible injury – from minor injury to

death

• Likelihood of the hazard causing injury – from

unlikely to highly likely
RISK CONTROL
Control is the action taken to remove or minimize
the risk.
Hierarchy of Control Methods:

• Elimination
• Substitution
Isolation
Engineering Controls
Administrative Controls
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Elimination

Where work involves an unacceptable risk the best

solution is to eliminate the work.

Example: Using robots instead of people to handle

nuclear waste.
Substitution
Use different machinery or chemicals to produce
the desired result.

Example: Using a water based paint instead of an oil

based paint.
 Isolation
Separate the task from employees who may be at
risk.

Example: Placing noisy machinery in a sound-proof

casing
 Engineering Controls
Use process or machine design to reduce the risk.

Example: Install a guard on a rotating part within a

machine
Administrative Controls
Install signage or write procedures for employees
to follow.

Example: Use signs to restrict access to hazardous

areas to staff with permits only.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Guarding the person from the hazard through the

wearing of equipment. The effectiveness of PPE
depends on the condition of the equipment &
correct fitting.

Example: safety goggles or breathing apparatus

 Safety Signs
Safety signage is used throughout the workplace to
remind workers of hazards & safe working
practices.
Handling Chemicals
The objective of the employer and employees must
be to ensure that chemicals are stored, handled and
used in accordance with Company requirements
and the relevant OH&S Act.
Handling Chemicals
A corrosive chemical- can burn your skin on
contact;
a vapor - may cause you to feel faint upon
breathing.
 Understanding the properties of chemicals, or
how they can affect you is necessary to understand
the risk.
Also knowing the routes of exposure, or
The way chemicals can enter our bodies will aid
you in determining what you need to do to protect
yourself from injury when handling and using
chemicals.
 MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) are
documents which contain detailed information on
chemicals.
An MSDS provides the user with enough
information to identify the chemical hazards and
implement controls to reduce the risks associated.
End of Presentation