Classifying Matter:
COMPOUNDS
MAAM REA M. ROGADOR 2022
WHO AM I?
WHO AM I?
WHO AM I?
WHO AM I?
WHO AM I?
WHO AM I?
OBJECTIVES:
1. Define compounds;
2. Identify the different properties of
compounds;
3. Name the commonly used compounds
in our surroundings;
4. State the importance of compounds in
our life.
Pure Substances
A sample of matter that has definite chemical and
physical properties.
Elements Atoms
Molecules Compounds
Compounds
Pure substance composed of two or more
different elements joined by chemical bonds.
Made of elements in a specific ratio H 2O
that is always the same
NaCl
Has a chemical formula
Can only be separated by
chemical means, not physically
CO 2
Formulas
The symbols make up the formula. A formula is just
chemical shorthand for the compound.
The subscript tells how many atoms are present.
Molecules
A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join
together chemically.
Diatomic molecules are made of two atoms of the
same element.
Hydrogen – H2
Oxygen – O2
What is the difference between a compound
and a molecule?
A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join
together chemically.
A compound is a molecule that contains at least two
different elements.
All compounds are molecules but not all molecules
are compounds.
Molecular hydrogen (H2), molecular
oxygen (O2) and molecular nitrogen
(N2) are not compounds because each
is composed of a single element.
Water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2)
and methane (CH4) are compounds
because each is made from more than
one element.
Molecule
The smallest bit of each of these substances
would be referred to as a molecule. For
example, a single molecule of molecular
hydrogen is made from two atoms of
hydrogen.
A single molecule of water is made from
two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of
oxygen.
Compound
A compound has properties different
than the elements that make it up.
The parts of a compound are present
in specific ratio’s.
Element Compound Mixture
One Element The Same Element
(Gas) (Solid)
Another element A mixture of two
This one likes to go elements
round in pairs as a gas
(molecules)
This is not a mixture,
it is a COMPOUND This is just a
of two different mixture of two
elements elements
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Element
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Element
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Mixture
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Mixture
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Compound
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Compound
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
Element, Compound
or Mixture ?
A mixture of a
compound and
an element
What do we call these
things?
An Atom
3 Atoms
What do we call these
things?
6 Atoms which happen
to be of 3 different
elements
What do we call these
things?
A Molecule
Yes, it also happens to be
2 atoms joined together
but we don’t call it “2
atoms joined together”
we say it is one molecule
What do we call these
things?
A Molecule of a
compound
2 molecules of a
compound
What about when all
the atoms are stuck
together like in a
solid element?
This is just a load of
atoms in a solid
element, it is not a
big molecule
A good example of when science
teachers use the word particle is when
talking about air.
Air is a mixture of elements such as
oxygen, argon and nitrogen mixed with
compounds such as carbon dioxide
Some of the elements in air go around
as single atoms (such as argon).
Or as molecules such as oxygen.
Compounds go around as molecules.
Water is H2O
An oxygen atom can bond
with two hydrogen atoms to
make a molecule we call water.
Water is an example of a
compound, because it contains
more than one kind of atom.
The formula for water is H2O,
meaning there are two
hydrogen atoms for each
oxygen atom.
Carbon Dioxide CO2
Carbon dioxide molecules are
made from one carbon and two
oxygen atoms joined together by
covalent bonds. The chemical
symbol is CO2.
QUIZ
TEST I – GIVE THE
CHEMICAL NAME
OF THE FOLLOWING
COMPOUNDS
1. Muriatic Acid
2. Vinegar
3. Baking Soda
4. Alcohol
5. Water
TEST II. NAMING OF
COMPOUNDS
6. HCl
7. CH₃COOH
8. NaOCl
9. C12H22O11
10.CH4
TEST III.
#11-15 - Give 5
elements that
belongs to Metal
TEST III.
#16-20 - Give 5
elements that
belongs to Non-
metal
TEST III.
#21-25 - Give 5
elements that
belongs to
Metalloids
COMMONLY
USED
COMPOUNDS
8. WATER
9. ALCOHOL
10. ACETONE
11. AMONNIA
12. MURIATIC ACID
13. BLEACH
14. VINEGAR
15. BAKING SODA
MURIATIC ACID HCl
A concentrated acid-based
stain remover. It removes
mineral deposits, dirt, rust
stains, and slime from hard
surfaces such as bathroom
bowls, tubs, sink, swimming
pools, cleaning bricks, etching
concretes, and tiles. It can
break down hard to remove
stains and sanitize the treated
surfaces.
C2H4O2 or
VINEGAR CH₃COOH
Vinegar is the chemical
compound consisting,
carboxylic acid. It is widely
used as a preservative and for
seasoning food and salad. It is
also used for cleaning
purposes.
BAKING SODA NaHCO3
Baking powder is the
compound consisting of
sodium, hydrogen, and
carbonate ions. It is used
in baking cakes and
desserts. It is also used in
neutralizing stomach
acidity. Moreover, it can
be used as a natural
deodorant.
C2H5OH or
ALCOHOL CH3CH2OH
Alcohol is an addictive
psychoactive drug, widely used
amongst adults and teenagers to
get high. Ethanol is the clear
colorless liquid which is widely
used in the manufacturing of beer,
whiskey, wines and so on. It is also
used as an antiseptic in medical
wipes and hand sanitizers.
BLEACH NaOCl
Sodium Hypochlorite acts as a bleaching
agent and disinfectant for household as
well as industrial purposes. It's also used
as a disinfectant in water treatment
facilities, swimming pools, some medical
and dental procedures, in the food
business as a deodorizer, in households
as a deodorizer and cleaning agent, and
in laundry detergents as a stain remover
and bleach.
SALT
NaCl
We can find salt on
almost every dining
table, as the basic
ingredient which can be
used in so many smart
ways other than
seasoning your food and
is also considered as one
of the most effective
preservatives.
Water H₂O
Almost no living thing can
survive without water. Water
is everywhere on our planet.
It is the reason we have an
organic life on earth. We use
water throughout our day
and night; in drinking,
cooking, household needs,
industries, and agriculture.
Therefore, water is the most
important compound in our
life.
Sucrose (Sugar)
C12H22O11
Sucrose is the common sugar
which again forms the major
ingredient in baking and cooking.
Apart from enjoying sucrose
through various desserts and
beverages, they are extensively
used in pharmaceutical industries,
where they act as an additive in
medicinal drugs (which taste
utterly terrible) to make them
more palatable. Sucrose is
produced naturally in plants, from
where the table sugar is refined.
Ammonia NH3
About 80% to 90% of
ammonia is used as
fertilizer. Ammonia is
essential for plant
growth and is chemically
produced worldwide as a
raw material of fertilizer
for agricultural crops.
Acetone CH3COCH3
Acetone has a number of
medical and cosmetic
uses, the most popular
being as a nail polish
remover. It is also a
popular solvent and is
used for other domestic
and laboratory
processes.
Can you identify the following?
You will be shown a series of photos. Tell if each photo
represents an item composed of an element,
compound, or mixture.
Review:
An element contains just one type of atom.
A compound contains two or more different atoms
joined together.
A mixture contains two or more different substances
that are only physically joined together, not chemically.
A mixture can contain both elements and
compounds.
Element or Compound?
Copper
Element or Compound?
Table Sugar
Element or Compound?
Salt
Element or Compound?
Neon Gas
Element or Pure
Compound?
Water
Element or Compound?
Aluminum
Element or Compound
Silver
Activity: Using the Venn Diagram, describe the
characteristics of elements and compounds.
Elements Compounds
a. Pure b. Two or c. Smallest Piece is d. Cannot be e. Essential for
Substance more molecule Broken Down into Life
elements simpler units
f. Listed in g. Matter h. Can be separated i. Found in Nature j. Smallest part
Periodic Table chemically is an atom
Notes
Detailed notes are located at:
http://www.middleschoolscience.com/elements-compo
unds-mixtures-notes-isn.pdf
Flow Chart:
http://www.middleschoolscience.com/matter-flow-chart-i
sn.pdf
