Advances in Oil & Gas
Drilling
Maryam Adhami
Objective
To shed light on some of the devices/technological tools
which have revolutionized onshore oil and gas drilling
Content
Top Drive
Roller Reamer
Real – Time Back Whirl Detector
Mud Pulse Telemetry
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact Bit
Top Drive
1982-Replaces traditional Kelly and Rotary Table
Systems
Why use TDS?
A top drive is capable of drilling with three joints stands, instead
of just one pipe at a time.
Top drives typically decrease the frequency of stuck pipe, which
contributes to cost savings.
A top drive allows drillers to more quickly engage and disengage
pumps or the rotary while removing or restringing the pipe.
Top drives are also preferable for challenging extended-reach and
directional wells.
Remove much of the manual labor that was previously required to
drill wells.
Top drives are completely automated, offering rotational control
and maximum torque, as well as control over the weight on the bit.
Roller Reamer
Reaming
Stabilization
Why use Roller Reamers?
Improved borehole shape, size and quality
Centralizes BHA
Reduces Torque & minimizes Vibrations
Reduces risks of bit walk, back-whirl & stick-slip
Smooth the wall finish for easier logging and casing runs,
to maintain full gauge hole size
Types of cutters
Types of Roller Reamers
3 point reamer
6 point reamer
RFID reamer
RFID ROLLER REAMER
Weatherford’s Innovation- ™ RFID drilling reamer
enables hole enlargements up to “25” percent beyond bit
diameter
Features of RFID Roller Reamer
“Electronically” activated by RFID tags sent down the
drillpipe ID to the electronic reader placed at the tool’s
controller
Readily activation/deactivation possible during drilling
or tripping
Prevents activation of the cutter blocks during jarring
operations-reducing the risk of getting the reamer stuck in
the hole.
Helps protect casing and the tool's cutting structure from
damage while cleaning the hole at full circulation and
rotation
The versatile cutter blocks are capable of backreaming
and feature gauge trimmers to control cutting depth during
each rotation
Cutter blocks have a balanced, concentric design that
minimizes detrimental vibration while drilling and thereby
enhances operational efficiency
Real-Time Whirl Detector
New tool addresses need to detect and control backward
whirl to mitigate downhole drilling risks.
What is a backward whirl?
Its Ramification?
The detection system works by transmitting a real-time
warning to the surface from the downhole sensor, on RSS
assembly having calculated a number indicating the
severity of the backward whirl
There are three levels of backward whirl – low, moderate,
and high.
Successful Deployment since July 2008
Central Europe
North Sea
Mud Pulse Telemetry
Mud Pulse Telemetry (MPT) has been the global
standard for real time data delivery from Measurement
While Drilling (MWD)/Logging While Drilling (LWD)
systems for the past thirty years.
Advantages of MPT
Optimize the drilling process
Gather valuable directional and formation data while
drilling the well
Cost efficient drilling and allows the drilling of complex
wells.
MPT Working
Valve
Reconstruction Pressure fluctuations
Receive Propagate
Technology of MPT
Positive Pulse: Valve restricts the mud flow within the drill
pipe which increases pressure. Line codes used to
represent the digital information in form of pulses.
Negative Pulse: Valve to releases mud from inside the drill
pipe out to the annulus this decrease in pressure.
Continuous Wave: Gradually close and open the valve to
generate sinusoidal pressure fluctuations within the drilling
fluid. Continuous phase modulation is used.
2012 MPT
Detailed Leading
Better
Informatio Decision
n
Why need the new MPT?
Uncertainty & Continuous fluctuation
Caused by
mud pumps
pulsation dampeners
surface piping
• .Fluctuations of
Improved mud channel properties
pulsar are captured and
accounted for
• Automatically adjust its
New surface data
decoding parameters
acquisition Unit
during data transmission
Enhanced • Data rates of up to 20
processing
capabilities bits per second (bps)
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact Bit
PDC
A drilling tool that uses polycrystalline diamond compact
(PDC) cutters to shear rock with a continuous scraping
motion. These cutters are synthetic diamond disks about
1/8-in. thick and about 1/2 to 1 in. in diameter.
Benefits of PDC
High speed drilling in shale, limestone, and sandstone formations
Durable, Long Service Life, Matrix bodies
High Speed design for fast penetration
fixed-cutters shave away the rock hence, higher rotation speeds
drill more efficiently in consolidated formations.
PDCs with WBM/OBM
Increase penetration rates
Lower costs drilling high pressured shales by reducing bit
balling and improving drilling efficiency
Borehole stability
Why PDC were designed?
Roller Cones only effective in hard and brittle formations
No mechanical means to scrape drilled-up fines off the
borehole bottom
Wondering?
Concept building; courtesy:
Sir Zafar Hayat Khan
Sir Jawad Ali Sabzwari
Thank you
