Welcome To
ICT- 1 CLASS
BSMT 1
WHAT IS
INFORMATION
COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY?
WHAT IS INFORMATION COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY?
● Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) deals with the use of different
communication technologies hardware and
software such as computer, mobile phones,
telephone, internet, etc. to locate, save, send and
edit information.
WHAT IS INFORMATION COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY?
Having a unified way to communicate is one of
the goals of ICT. In terms of economics, ICT has
saved companies a lot of resources (time and
money) with the kind of communication
technology they use nowadays. In a similar way,
we spend less because of ICT.
Evolution of ICT
1. PREMECHANICAL PERIODS
2. MECHANICAL PERIODS
3. ELECTROMECHANICAL
PERIODS
4. ELECTRONIC PERIODS
PREMECHANICAL PERIODS
• 3000BCE to 1450CE
• Humans started communicating with one another using
words and pictograms curved In Rocks (Stone Tables)
• Papyrus Plant- where papers was produced, storing of
information was revolutionized.
• Birth of Books
• Libraries were created- first data centers in history
PREMECHANICAL PERIODS
• Humans started using the numerical system
• ABACUS- most popular device created by the Chinese in
China. Manually operated device similar to the modern
calculator
MECHANICAL PERIODS
● 1450 to 1840
MECHANICAL PERIODS
● 1450 to 1840
● Concentrated primarily on development of machines that will enhance
calculation speed
■ Pascaline-first
mechanical calculator
invented by Blaise
Pascal
MECHANICAL PERIODS
● Analytical Engine- invented
by Charles Babbage, a
mathemathecian
● he is called the “Father of
Computers”
MECHANICAL PERIODS
■ With the help of Lady
Augusta Ada Lovelace
they developed and ran the
computer program on that
computer. She was known
as the first computer
programmer in the world
ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIODS
● 1840 to 1940
● The use of ELECTRICITY for information
handling and transfer bloomed.
● The use of TELEGRAPH
● Humans started to control using electricity
using Vacuum Tubes
ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIODS
● Samuel Morse introduced the first single-circuit telegraph, which
gave rise of MORSE CODE
ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIODS
● 1876- ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL invented the TELEPHONE
ELECTRONIC PERIOD
● 1940 to the present
● ENIAC – the first electronic and general purpose
computer that occupied and area of 167 square
meters.
● 1947 TRANSISTOR was invented and the
foundation of every electronic today.
ELECTRONIC PERIOD
● JACK KILBY an American electrical engineer invented the
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC)
● IC is used in processing devices and computers are evolving
from the basic textual to graphical user interfaces (GUI)
ELECTRONIC PERIOD
● Internet the interconnection of computer devices all over the world.
Introduction to Computers
What is
Computer?
Data
Information
DATA
Information
INFORMATION
The Basic function Data Processing Cycle
INPUT
OUTPUT
PROCESS
STORAGE
THE BASIC FUNCTION DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
● INPUT- It is the collection of letters, numbers, images, videos etc.
● PROCESS- process is the operation of data as per given instruction.
● OUTPUT- output is the processed data given by the computer after
data processing it is also called as the “Result”.
● STORAGE- storage is the place where your data can be stored and
retrieved in the storage devices for future use.
THE BASIC FUNCTION DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
THE BASIC FUNCTION DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
COMPUTER SYSTEM
● A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to
carry out a set of arithmethic or logical operations automatically.
since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer
can solve more than one kind of problem. It is an electronic device
that accepts, process, stores, input, and out put data at high speeds
according to programmed instructions.
● A computer system consist of both HARDWARE and SOFTWARE.
ADVANTAGES OF HAVING A COMPUTER
● SPEED-computer can work very fast
● ACCURACY- the degree of accuracy computer is very high and
every calculation is performed with the same accuracy.
● VERSATILITY- it means the capacity to performed completely
different type of work.
● STORAGE CAPABILITY & RETRIVAL- any information can be
stored and recalled as long as you require it, for any numbers of
years.
DISADVANTAGES OF HAVING A
COMPUTER
● HEALTH RISK- stress/radiation/eye problems
● FRUAD/SCAMS
● IMPACTON ENVIRONMENT
● IMPACT ON LABOR FORCE
● PIRACY
● PORNOGRAPHY
● CYBERBULLYING
● VIOLATION OF PRIVACY
