LINEAR

PERMUTATION OF
DISTINGUISHABLE
z

OBJECTS

QUARTER 3 WEEK 1
MOST ESSENTIAL
LEARNING
COMPETENCY
 Illustrates the permutation
of objects.
 Derives the formula for finding
the number of permutations of
objects taken at a time.
 At the end of the lesson, learners are
expected to:

1. enumerate the different counting

techniques;
2. find the number of outcomes of specified
event;
3. find the permutation of distinguishable
objects; and
4. solve word problems that involve
permutation of distinguishable objects.
What’s In
How many ways can you match the outfits
presented below?
We can use the tree diagram so that we can visualize
the results.

That is: 3 × 3 = 9. There are nine ways of matching

the three pants and three tops.
Fundamental Counting Principle ( FCP )

states that if one event has m

possible outcomes and a second
independent event has n possible
outcomes, then there are m × n
total possible outcomes for the
two events to occur together.
Multiplication Principle
E
X
A In how many ways can you
M order a menu composed of a main
P
L
dish, a dessert, and a drink to be
E chosen from two different main
dishes, two different desserts, and two
different drinks?
S a. Using the tree diagram
O
Let’s denote the main dishes as D, desserts as
L
Ds, and drinks as Dr.
U
T
I
O
N
b. Using FCP
2 x 2 x 2 = 8 different ways
A Find what is asked in each problem. You may use the tree
C diagram or the FCP to answer the problem. Use a
T separate sheet for your computations and answers.
I
V 1. Find the total number of outcomes of each
I given situations below.
T a) tossing a coin three times
Y b) answering two multiple questions
with four choices each
A Find what is asked in each problem. You may use the
C tree diagram or the FCP to answer the problem. Use a
T separate sheet for your computations and answers.
I
V
I 2. How many 4-digit codes can be
T formed from the digits 1,3,5,7, and 9 if
Y repetition of digits is not allowed?
 1. Find the total number of outcomes of each given
S situations below.
O a) tossing a coin three times
L 1. Using the tree diagram 2. Using FCP
H = HHH
U H T = HHT 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 ways
T H
T H = HTH
T = HTT
I H = THH
H THT
O T
T
T
H
=
= TTH
N T = TTT
S 1. Find the total number of outcomes of each given situations below.
b) answering two multiple questions with four choices each
O
L 1. Using the tree diagram 2. Using FCP
U A = AA A = CA
4 x 4 = 16 ways
T A
B = AB B = CB
C
I C = AC C = CC

D = AD D = CD
O
A A = DA
N B
= BA
B = DB
= BB
B D
C = BC C =
DC
D
=
BD D
=
DD
S 2. How many 4-digit codes can be
O formed from the digits 1,3,5,7,
L and 9 if repetition of digits is not
U allowed?
T
I 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 = 120 ways
O
N
What’s New

Permutation
 is used to indicate ordered
arrangements
of objects.
Example 1. How many permutations are
there in the letters of the word LOVE?

Solution:
Using FCP
4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24 permutations for
the letters of the
word LOVE
Example 2. In how many ways can three
boys and two girls be arranged in a row
with five seats?
Solution:
Using FCP
5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1= 120 ways of
arranging the three boys and two girls.
A Match each problem on the left to its corresponding answer on the
right. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space before each
C number.
T Problem Number of Ways
1. In how many ways can six books,
I E
no two of which are the same,
A) 12

be arranged in a shelf? B) 24
V C 2. How many permutations are
there for the letters of the C) 120
I A
word ALIVE?
3. A code is composed of two letters D) 600
T followed by three digits, using
M, C, 1, 2, and 3. How many codes E) 720
Y B
can be formed if repetition is not allowed?
4. In how many ways can four bikes, F) 800
no two of which are the same,
be displayed in a window?
What’s Is It

Factorial Notation:
The factorial notation (symbol:!) is the
process of multiplying consecutive
decreasing whole numbers from an identified
number down to one.
n! = n (n – 1)(n – 2)(n – 3) … (3)(2)(1)
Thus, 8! = 8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 40,320
E In how many ways can seven
X
A
different books be arranged in a
M shelf?
P Solution:
L 7! = 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1
E
that will give us the total number of
1 arrangements which is 5,040.
E In how many ways can four bikes,
X no two of which are the same, be
A
M
displayed in a window?
P Solution:
L 4! = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1
E
that means there are 24 ways to display
the 4 bikes.
2
The Permutation of n Objects taken n at a time:

The number of permutations

or different arrangements of n
different objects taken n at a
time in a row is nPn which is
equal to n!.
E In how many ways can seven different
X books be arranged in a shelf?
A Solution:
M 7P7 = __7!__
P (7−7)!
L
E 7P7 = 7𝑥6𝑥5𝑥4𝑥3𝑥2𝑥1
0!
7 P7 = 5 040
1
P = 5 040 ways
A
1. 6! 2. 2!3! 3. 5! 4. 4P4 5. P4
C 3!
8

T 6. How many permutations are there in the letters of

I the word HOPEFUL?
V 7. How many four-digit codes can be made out of the
digits 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 if repetition of digits
I is not allowed?
T 8. In how many ways can 4 distinct red cars and 4
Y distinct black cars be parked in a row of 6 – car
garage?
A
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y

3
E How many 5-digit numbers can be formed, with
X no digit repetition, using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
A if:
M
a) the first digit is a 5?
P
L Solution:
E 5 4 3 2 1

1
1 x 4P4 = 1 x 4! = 1 x 24 = 24.
There are 24 five-digit numbers that can be formed from the
digits 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the first digit of which is a 5, as shown
below.
E How many 5-digit numbers can be formed,
X with no digit repetition, using the digits 1, 2,
A 3, 4, 5, if:
M
P b) the first and last digits are even?
L
E 3 2 1 E
E

1 Solution:
2P2 x 3P3 = 2! x 3! = 2 x 6 = 12.
 There are 12 5-digit numbers that can be
formed from the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the first
and last digits of which are even, as shown.
E In how many ways can four different Algebra books and
X three different Geometry books be arranged in a shelf if:
A a) the shelf is good for five books only?
M Again, considering the spaces for the books we
have: ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬. The space is good for five
P books only but there are seven books to be
L arranged.
Solution:
E 7!
7P5 = = 2,520
(7−5)!
2
There are 2,520 various ways to arrange the seven
books in a shelf that could hold five books.
E b) two particular books are grouped together?
X ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ If two particular books are together,
A then we can treat them as one but are permuted, 2P2.
M The two particular books that are together, counted as
P one, and the remaining five books will be permuted, 6P6.
As if we are arranging six books in the shelf.
L
E Solution:
6P6 x 2P2 = 6! x 2! = 1,440

2 There are 1,440 distinct arrangements

where two particular books are together.
E c) books of the same kind/area are grouped together?
The encircled spaces represent books of the same
X kind. Notice that there are three different spaces on
A the first group and four on the second. Further,
these groupings can still be interchanged, which
M means that the two groups can be permuted as P ,
2 2

P while the Geometry books can also be permuted as

P , and so with the Algebra books as P .
3 3 4 4
L
Solution:
E
4P4 3P3 2P2 = 4! x 3! x 2! = 288
x x
2
There are 288 arrangements where books
of the same kind are put or grouped together.
A Answer each given situation below. Show complete computations, then
box all final answers.
C 1. There are 12 athletes joining the Baguio Marathon Event. How many ways can the first,
T second, and third placers be chosen?

2. Five boys and four girls are to arrange themselves to form a line. How many
I arrangements can there be if:

V (a) the boys stand together, and the girls stand together?
(b) the boys and the girls stand alternately?
I 3. There are 10 participants to a barangay meeting to talk about safety measures to be
implemented during the pandemic. In how many ways can these 10 barangay participants
T arrange themselves in a row if three of them should stay together?

Y 4. A couple with their three children are to pose for a family picture. In how ways can they
be arranged in a row if:
(a) they can take any position?
(b) the mother and the father stay at both ends?
(c) In how many ways can they be arranged in two rows if the parents will stay at the

4 front row?