LESSON 2

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

OF PHYSICAL
EDUCATION AND HEALTH
IN THE ELEMENTARY
GRADES
INTRODUCTION
Physical education has its own goals
and objectives in the curriculum. Health
has a big part in educating the pupils,
especially at the elementary level. This
lesson will discuss the goals and
objectives of both physical and health
education.
This lesson aims for future educators to be aware of
what should be taught to pupils. It also aims to
create an interactive yet safe space for teaching
physical education and health.

The aims of education are derived from examining

the needs of pupils in society by analyzing the
culture and studying society's various needs.
These aims include the complete transformation of
the individual to become an asset to society. Goals
may be stated at various levels of specificity. Many
school goals are purposely broad for people to
support the institution.

Curriculum goals are determined by the operational

philosophy and carefully selected learning
activities presented in a meaningful pattern. These
are connected to the program. Course or subject
goals are derived from program activities.
 These goals organize and categorize content,
including concepts, problems, or behavior.
However, they do not suggest the exact content to
be learned or the instructional materials to be used.

Unit objectives, on the other hand, are referred

to as "classroom objectives," which divide the
course into several units. Unit objectives usually
cover one to three weeks of instruction and are
organized according to the expected outcome.
Lesson objectives are otherwise known as specific
instructional objectives.
 These are intended to further define the unit
objectives by providing instructions for teaching
and testing. These include expected behavior,
content, outcomes, and mastery.
GOAL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Physical education has fallen out of favor as a
cornerstone of the traditional school day in recent
years. Regular PE is not the only thing that has been
related to science. While it has been linked to better
academic results, it also means that a lack of physical
activity could be harming children's cardiovascular
health. Despite the empirical evidence, the new
curriculum tends to obstruct physical education in
favor of more time spent in the classroom, putting yet
more pressure on physical educators and school
districts to maximize the time devoted to achieving
important exercise goals.
THREE GOALS OF TEACHING
PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Physical education programs in schools for

pupils of all ages are responsible for teaching
pupils the importance of physical activity for
fitness, leisure, and social engagement, among
other reasons. When setting goals as a physical
trainer or planning a school PE program, keep
the following in mind:
1.Teaching Essential Body Management Skills- The
most well-known goal of any physical education
class is to encourage activity, but this goal
encompasses more than just breaking pupils out
of their sedentary habits. Physical education
courses teach children skills that they can use for
the rest of their lives.
Physical education courses provide many younger
children with their first opportunity to learn
about the connections between diet, exercise, and
fitness, as well as basic body management skills
such as:
• The ability to stop and start on signal;
• Spatial awareness;
• Body part identification; and
• Balance and control.
Though they may not seem to be as critical as
literacy and numeracy, their absence may lead to
sedentary children who feel too “clumsy” to
participate in any daily activity. Inability to acquire
mature motor skills may breed sedentary adults
who fail to achieve career goals or lack self-
confidence over time.
2.Promoting Physical Fitness as a Fun Activity -
Children learn basic motor habits with the aid
of quality training from devoted educators. It is
also crucial to teach pupils that being involved
in physical activities can be a pleasurable and
normal habit.
In America , one out of every three children is
overweight. The younger the pupils see physical
exercise as a normal part of their everyday routine, the
more likely they are to stay active as they grow older,
contributing to a healthier lifestyle . Children who
enjoy physical activity are more likely to be involved
in the future.
Although physical education is not the only factor in
getting kids to be more involved, it can be a valuable
tool for teaching them new skills and introducing them
to new activities . Physical educators give pupils the
ability to find the activity that appeals to them the most
by pursuing several sports and exercise options , from
gymnastics to biking and climbing, giving them tools
in the battle against obesity.
3.Developing Teamwork,
Sportsmanship, and Cooperation-
Physical education encourages children to engage
in positive social Interactions While also teaching
collaboration through group activities and
fostering teamwork through team identification.
These social skills remain with children for the rest
of their lives, raising their chances of being
involved in their communities , taking leadership
positions, and establishing lifelong relationships.
Trust is built by social skills, which help with one's
academic success and mental well-being.
When pupils are anxious, they find it difficult to
concentrate and control their emotions.
Physical exercise is an ideal way to alleviate
stress while also encouraging healthy mental
health and enhancing learning skills. While
pupils are often spending more time in the
classroom, studies have shown that daily
physical activities during the school day are
linked to improved concentration, more
composed actions,and happier pupils. With
this, they can work with others very well if
their mental, emotional, and physical aspects
are in good condition.
SETTING GOALS IS
CRUCIAL

In a physical education
setting, the Right goals
will;

•Engage pupils in PE
Class;
•Attract the attention
of distracted pupils;
•Create an environment
that cultivates
movement , and
•Teach the values of
health and exercise .
Goal-setting in physical education will also show
pupils the importance of setting personal and
attainable goals in their favorite sports . Encourage
pupils with a specific interest to take their skills to
the next level by tracking each child best sprint
time and showing them how they progress during
the year.
From improvement motor skills for younger children
to providing an atmosphere where pupils will
maintain a positive attitude toward physical fitness
, Well-designed physical education goals will not
only boost kids education , but also prepare them
for an active, healthy and productive lifestyle.
GOALS OF HEALTH EDUCATION
1. Improve Health -Health educators assist
people at all strategies of life of improving
their health. Education work with a wide
range of age groups and in several
environments. Some educators go to
elementary schools to talk to kids about how
important it is to eat fruits and vegetables.
Others educate senior citizens about the
value of staying healthy and eating well for
good bone and health in nonprofit clinics.
2. Improve Decision-making – Heath
educators tend to assist people in making
better health choices. To do so, they often
tailor their message to the audience. Since
pupils are more likely to choose foods that
are flavorful but not good for their health,
PE and health teacher should present topics
that encourage pupils to eat healthy food
such as fruit and vegetables.
3. Fight Disease -The prevention of life
threating illness is one of the goals of health
education. Proper diet and exercise, for
example, may reduce the risk of developing
diabetes and heart disease. Adults would
benefit from a health educator about how
limiting the intake of high-cholesterol and
high-sugar foods reduces the risk of
developing these disease.
4. Fight Misconceptions- Health educators
work to dispel common myths that harm
people's health. Some people, for example,
believe that artificial sweeteners are better than
sugar even though aspartame and saccharin can
also be harmful to their health. Pupils can also
be taught by educators about the dangers of
popular diets that are lacking in nutrients, high
in sugar, or high in empty calories by health
educators.
5. Provide Resources- Fliers and pamphlets
are popular educational tools distributed by health
educators. They also inform groups about public
services that are potentially free or low-cost.
Governments, hospitals, clinics, and charitable
organizations can provide medical tests or
therapies as part of these services. Health
educators encourage people to use these services to
enhance their knowledge and understanding about
their health.
OBJECTIVES OF HEALTH
EDUCATION AND HEALTH
1. To enable the pupils to develop a scientific
point of view of health with reference to the
traditional and modern concept of health.

2. To enable the pupils to identify health

problems and understand their role on health
and to medical agencies in meeting those
problems.
3. To enable the pupils to take interest in current
events related to health.

4. To enable the pupils to arrive at suitable

conclusions based on scientific knowledge and take
action as an individual member of the family and
community for protecting, maintaining, and
promoting individual and community health.

5. To enable the pupils to set an example of desirable

health behavior.
6. To enable the pupil to understand the causes of the
pollution of air, water, soil, and food, as well as their
ways and means of prevention.

7. To enable the pupils to gain sufficient knowledge of

first aid

8. To provide desirable knowledge about marriage,

sex, and family planning to the pupils .

9. To help pupils understand the importance of physical

training sports, games, yogic exercises, as well as their
relationship with the health education program .
10. To emphasize the bad effects of smoking and
taking alcohol, etc. to pupils .

11. To acquaint pupils with the functions of various

organizations working for the maintenance of health
.

12. To help pupils understand how the present-day

rapid development of science and technology has
increased the hazards of life and health problems
and also how to face and prevent them
 BLOOM’S TAXONOMY OF
BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES OF
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Physical education allows pupils to
achieve their full potential in terms of
psychomotor, cognitive, and affective
progress.

1. Psychomotor Objectives - These objectives fall

under the headings of physical exercise, part, and
movement skills. They enhance the stamina, power,
flexibility, balance, and agility of the pupil.
2. Cognitive Objectives- The focus of cognitive objectives is
for the pupils to gain awareness and information about the
proper body function and development process of the
cognitive domain. These objectives help improve the
analysis, reasoning, and decision-making skills, as well as
the pupils' ability to comprehend rules, tactics, and safety
precautions regarding certain physical activities.

3. Affective Objectives- Affective domain is in a state of

social and emotional equilibrium. Pupils need to be taught
how to understand and control their emotions. Hence, these
objectives allow courage, self-control, self-expression,
aesthetic appreciation, cooperation, sportsmanship, respect,
and leadership to be developed.
 LESSON 3
COMPONETS OF PHYSICAL
EDUCATION AND HEALTH IN
THE ELEMENTARY GRADES
INTRODUCTION
Teaching and exposing primary school pupils to various
physical activities is essential. At an early age, they
need to understand the importance of these physical
activities that they can use in the future to make their
bodies fit.

On the other hand, pupils need to learn about the

importance of keeping themselves healthy by
practicing healthy habits such as doing regular exercise
and eating healthy foods.
In school, even at the early stage of their education,
pupils have physical education and health subjects.
In these subjects, the pupils are taught different
physical activities and health-related concepts.
The Department of Education prescribed a
curriculum for these subjects that teachers must
use as a guide on the topics that they need to teach
primary school pupils.
The curriculum includes different components that
help teachers provide meaningful learning
experiences in both physical education and health
subjects.
COMPONENTS
OF
PHYSICAL
EDUCATION
The Physical health curriculum serves the
purpose of standardizing the curriculum in
a school district and ensuring equitable
education for all pupils. it also results in
improved teaching quality and increased
consistency in instruction
"Move to Learn, Learn to Move" is the development
of education's aim and slogan for physical education
in the philippines. Hence, the department provides a
unique curriculum that addresses the goal and
objective of the subject.

The PE curriculum is actively and standard-based,

integrated. inclusive and developmentally appropriate
according to the child's level or grade.
 PE is the most important subject to
cultivate well-being behaviors
associated with a healthy lifestyle
during athletic practice and other
types of active tasks, even though any
school subject can encourage healthy
activities. In this regard,
psychological and social influences
are critical in achieving optimum
experiences for a safe and active
lifestyle
 Adults (those over the age of
18) are more likely to repeat
the behaviors they developed
during childhood and
adolescence (from 6 to 16
years old). For this reason,
teachers and parents must
encourage children and
teenagers to live an active and
safe lifestyle.
 EXAMPLE:
Watching an Olympic athlete
and working hard in sports to
become like that athlete.
Other examples include
working hard at achieving a
degree to get a high paying job
and taking a drink of water to
quench a thirst.
Student assessment is the gathering of
evidence about pupil achievement and
making inferences about pupils
progress based on that evidence .
Physical Education teacher collect
and track assessment data to make
decision about instruction and to
measure the progress of each child
through the various learning
experience provided in this subject
Evidence of student learning
can include portfolios of
checklist , rating scales,
tangible pupils product that
demonstrate student learning,
result of an observed .
Student assessment provides
accountability for standards
based learning and is a key
component of the education
process in all subject areas.
 Assessment in Physical
education includes conducting
pre-assessment to learn while
pupils are at the beginning of a
learning sequence , formative
assessment that are ongoing
during instruction to check for
understanding , and summative
assessment at the close of a unit
or instructional sequence to
provide a comprehensive
summary of the pupils progress.
 Physical education uses
range of evaluation , including
conventional summative
assessment , as well as
checklist , rating scales, and
rubics that are specifically
linked to the objectives used
for the presented topic in
physical education.
 EXAMPLES:
•Tests
•Quizzes
•Worksheets

Debates
•Oral presentations
•And teacher observations
 ENVIRONMENT
(FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT
 The overall design and configuration of a
classroom and its learning centers are referred
to as the physical environment. Teachers
should organize the environment's rooms,
furnishings, and resources to optimize each
child's learning opportunity and interaction. In
teaching physical education, it is necessary to
have adequate facilities and equipment
COMPONETS OF HEALTH
Almost all aspects of health rely on the
person's wellness. To lead a healthy life,
you should always follow the essential
components of health. The world health
organization (WHO), along with the help
of other leaders in the medical
community, continues to work toward
educating people, helping them to strive
and embrace healthier life changes.
Each of the six components of health is somehow
integrated, incorporating physical, social,
cognitive, emotional, cultural, and spiritual
health. Medical professionals, such as WHO,
agree that embracing the six components of
health will allow patients to lead more
complete lives.
PHYSICAL
HEALTH
Your physical health is probably the most important
aspect of health. Whether it is running, swimming,
walking, dancing, or playing basketball, every
movement you make strengthens your muscles.
Being active will benefit you both physically and
mentally, which will also more than likely add
years to your life. Studies have proven that
maintaining regular physical health improves your
mood and reduces anxiety and depression.
People who exercise regularly were shown to have
increased serotonin and norepinephrine levels.
Serotonin and norepinephrine are hormones that our
bodies naturally produce to relieve depression. If you
exercise regularly, it will also improve your skin,
strengthen your bones, increase your energy levels, and
reduce your chances of developing chronic diseases.
However, there is a lot more to physical health than
simply hitting the gym live times a week.
A person can have the biggest becips and
best abs in the world but still be in poor
physical health. There are a lot of other
factors to be considered such as proper
diet, nutrition, avoiding drugs and
alcohol, and a healthy sleep routine
EXAMPLES:
 Sleeping well
 Eating well
 Being physically active
 Having good hygiene
 And getting enough relaxation.
EXAMPLE OF ACTIVITY IN
PHYSICAL HEALTH
 Walking
 Running
 Dancing
 Swimming
 Yoga
 And gardening
Most people underestimate the power of social
wellness, which relates to interacting and
communicating with others. Watching movies
with family or friends , attending a party, or
playing a game of catch aren't just fun things to
do; they are also essential components to
maintaining your health. Studies have shown
that loneliness and isolation often lead to
depression, social anxieties, and mental health
issues.
 A study conducted by the Brigham Young
University shows that obesity is just as deadly
as social isolation. People with healthier social
life has been proven to live longer lives
A healthy social life also reduces your risk of
stroke, strengthens your immune system, and
reduces your risk of developing Alzheimer's
disease. To maintain good social wellness, you
should try to avoid negative people and learn
how to handle problems without having to yell
or use violence.
EXAMPLES:
 TIME
 COMMUNITY
 ACTIVE LISTENING
 TREAT OTHER WITH RESPECT
 CREATE HEALTHY BOUNDARIES
EXAMPLE OF ACTIVITY IN
SOCIAL HEALTH:
 Reading
 Hiking
 Painting
 Wood carving
COGNITIVE HEALTH
 Most people have heard of the term cognitive
health' yet are completely unfamiliar with what it
means. Cognitive health refers to the brain and its
ability to perform. Cognitive functions include
learning a new language, judgment, and memory.
There are a plethora of different ways to improve
your cognitive health, including watching TV,
reading, solving crossword puzzles, playing a card
game, or simply maintaining regular social
interactions.
EXAMPLE:
• living to an advanced age, having good
physical health, having a positive mental
outlook, being alert, having a good memory,
and being socially involved.
EXAMPLE OF ACTIVITY IN
COGNITIVE HEALTH
 READING
 PROBLEM SOLVING
 WRITING
 DRAWING
 SOCIALIZING
Emotional health remains one of the most
important aspects of health , yet it is
constantly overlooked .An emotional
healthy person possesses the ability to
not only one recognize reality but also
cope with the demands of daily life.
As we grow from teenagers to adults,
we learn how to face problems and
process grief better. There is a
variety of different treatment
methods available for people
suffering from depression and other
mental disorders , such as bipolar
disease, anxiety disorder and
schizophrenia.
EXAMPLES:
 SADNESS
 HAPPINESS
 FEAR
 ANGER
 SURPRISE
 DISGUST
EMOTIONAL WELLNESS
 Having the ability to talk with someone
about your emotional concerns and share
your feelings with others.
 Saying "no" when you need to without feeling
guilty.
 Feeling content most of the time.
 Feeling you have a strong support network
i.e. people in your life that care about you.
 Being able to relax.
CULTURAL HEALTH
The culture of the society we live in constantly
influence our health and wellness. Cultural
health often refers to a specific demographic
that allows everyone to lead healthier lifestyle.
Your environment and culture continuously
influence your life. To maintain good culture
health, you should surround yourself with a
healthy living and work environment.
EXAMPLES ACTIVITIES:
 PAINTING EXHIBITIONS
 PHOTOGRAPHY EXHIBITIONS
 FILM FESTIVAL
 DANCE PERFORMANCE
 SPORT DEMONSTRATION
SPIRITUAL
HEALTH
 To have a healthy mind and body, you should
also embrace a healthier spiritual lifestyle.
Spiritual health can provides you the extra
push needed to make it through a long day at
work.
A person’s spiritually can also help him/her deal
with tough situations in life, including rejection
in death , or overcoming financial hardships.
Guiding a individual to a proper spiritual
direction may help him/her maintain a
harmonious relationship with the highest being
and with the people around.
EX. SPIRITUAL WELLNESS
 Developing a purpose in life.
 Having the ability to spend reflective time
alone.
 Taking time to reflect on the meaning of
events in life.
 Having a clear sense of right and wrong, and
acting accordingly.
 Having the ability to explain why you believe
what you believe.
EXAMPLES OF ACTIVITIES IN
SPIRITUAL HEALTH
 PRAYER
 COMPASSION
 MEDICATION
 EXPRESS GRATITUDE
 MINDFULNESS
 FIND PURPOSE IN LIFE
 TIME