Advancements in Converging
Technologies
04/08/2024
Outlines
Advancements in Converging Technologies-
An Idea of Change
Introduction, Meaning of Computing and convergence,
Enablers and Converging Areas
Need of Convergence
Nano Robots
Scope in Ethiopian context for Technology Development and
transfer to Community
Contd..
Common Laws of Nature
Change
Inertia
Common Laws of Nature
Change
Inertia
Equilibrium
Contd…
I think there is a world market for maybe
five computers.
-IBM Chairman Thomas Watson, 1943
Contd…
-640K Memory ought to be enough for
anybody.
-Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates, 1981
***Pend drives, Credit Cards, Tablets****
*** BG***
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Theories of Determinism
Mechanical theories
Technological determinism
technology impacts on
society or society impacts on TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY
technology. The linear model
and the reverse linear model.
These theories are called,
respectively,
TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY TECHNOLOGY
DETERMINISM and
SOCIOLOGICAL
DETERMINISM
Sociological
determinism
Common Laws of Nature
Change
Inertia
Equilibrium
Convergence
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Why Convergence?
Disciplines join hands for mutual
benefits
Theory
Experiments
Contd…
Computing
Any type of process, algorithm or measurement;.
This includes human thinking to calculations with a more
narrow meaning.
Computing is a process following a well-defined model
that is understood and can be expressed in an algorithm,
protocol etc.
Convergence
Contd..
Contd..
Types
Contd…
Contd…
Contd…
Contd…
Contd..
Contd…
Contd…
Contd…
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Are we there yet ?
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Why Convergence??
New Mantra, New Key
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Trend of Telecom Convergence
- Forces from computer and media industries
Telecom Industry (communication)
mobility
xDSL 3G/Wireless Internet
Wireline Wireless/Cellular
ISDN Intranet/Internet
PSTN PC-WAN Carrier class
PC-LAN
Computer Industry (computer) PC/Servers
desk top computing
main frames
electronic
Media Industry (content) publishing and
entertainment
Trend of Telecom Convergence
- Starting from traditional telecom
Wireless
Satellite
Cordless
-
PSTN
Fixed
GSM Mobile ADSL, Cable Modem
Cable TV
AM/FM
Broadcast VHF/UHF
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Trend of Telecom Convergence
- Convergence in delivering network technologies
Convergence of new technologies offers opportunities and risks for
communication / content players.
Wireless
Wireless WLAN operator
VoIP
VoIP
GSM
GSM@@Home
Home
Fixed Line operator
Voice Voice
Mobile
Mobile
Fixed
Fixed
Convergence
Convergence
Data Data
Mobile operator
Broadcast
Broadcast
TV broadcast, Cable
channels, Radio broadcast
Trend of Telecom Convergence
- Summary
Convergence of new technologies actually bring convergence to
services and contents
Wireless From fixed to
From mobile to Wireless wireless
M-Taiwan
wireless
PC/WLAN
Celluar/Wifi handsets
ADSL
Voice Voice
Convergence
Convergence
Mobile
Mobile
Fixed
Fixed
to
toservices
services
and
andcontents
contents
Data Data
Mobile evolution from 2G to 5G Cable modem/setup box
Contents
TV
3G Broadcast
Broadcast
From analog to digital,
e.g., DAB/DMB
IP = Everything
Computer PC and Household
Networks Linux Mainframe Appliances
Internet
Convergence
Protocols
Communication
Networks Radio Telephony Television
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Computing and Convergence…
“Convergence” is a coming together
“Convergence is, “the coming together of like and disparate knowledge bases, skill
sets and disciplines;
The purpose of which is to solve scientific, business equations with the intended
results of creating new paradigms and achievements that would be unachievable
through traditional processes”.
Convergence is a powerful and dynamic enabler!
The Traditional Approach to Delivering
Voice, Video, and Data…
Voice goes over the copper phone infrastructure (or via
dedicated cellular infrastructure)
Video goes over a dedicated coaxial or fiber cable TV
infrastructure, dedicated ISDN lines, satellite, or broadcast
TV, and
Data goes over a dedicated data network.
All three redundant networks often run
side-by-side at low levels of utilization and at considerable
(potentially avoidable) expense.
Combining all three of those onto one converged network
is often called a "triple play" strategy or running a
"packet-based multiservice network."
Contd… Final Note…
It is capable of expanding and crossing existing barriers and
establishing new frontiers! Convergence is creating new
paradigms!
Convergence & Why Nanoscale?
That is the scale at which materials take
on the characteristic mechanical, optical,
thermal, electrical, and chemical
properties they exhibit at larger scales.
New materials: Carbon-nanotube
Carbon nanotube is a
new carbon allotrope
that was first
discovered in 1991 by
Dr. Sumio Iijima at
NEC. It has a
different atomic
arrangement from
graphite, diamond
and C60 bucky-ball C
the other three known
carbon structures.
New materials: Carbon-nanotube
Carbon nanotube (CNT) is
a new form of carbon,
configurationally
equivalent to two
dimensional graphene
sheet rolled into a tube. It
is grown now by several
techniques in the
laboratory and is just a
few nanometers in diameter
and several microns long.
Nanotube Yarn
100 times stronger than human muscles
Why Nanoscale?
The nanoscale is where the
fundamental structures of life arise
inside biological cells, including the
DNA molecule itself.
1 nano meter=meter
Nanomedicine
Nanomedicine defined as the comprehensive
monitoring, repair and improvement of all human
biological systems, working from the molecular
level using engineered devices and nanostructures
to achieve medical benefit.
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Nanobot: Lung cleaners
Nanobots killing a virus
Two nanobots in pulmonary alveola
killing a virus using nano-lasers.
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Bionic Ears and the Cochlear Implant:
Source: http://www.cem.msu.edu/~cem181fp/brain/page2.html
Life
Sensory Aids
Retina Implants
DNA Computer
Human Cognome Project –Example1
Human Genome Project, which
sequenced each of the three billion
letters in the DNA code for a human
being.
Mark Boguski, who is a veteran of that
project and who
now directs the Atlas says “But that
was 3 gigabytes,
and we will be producing petabytes.”
Advantages of convergence
Why do we do convergence…???
To solve the boundary less problems
To gain the boundary less knowledge
To develop the domain with boundary less innovations
Further…… To save money->
Simplify your infrastructure and eliminate redundant and save money.
Reduce dedicated specialized staff requirements and ongoing operational
expenses; save money.
Simplify local provisioning; save money.
Increase your service footprint; save money.
Conclusion
Convergence is inevitable
Convergence is master enabler of new scientific research
and domains
Convergence facilitates new scope of cross boundary
researches
Convergence facilitate true need of research
Convergence endears true essence of globalization of
researches
Let’s make Computer Science and IT as Master discipline
and Master Facilitator
THANK YOU
04/08/2024
