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Photosynthesis A

The document discusses the process of photosynthesis, including that it uses light energy to synthesize sugars from carbon dioxide and water. It explains the importance of photosynthesis in providing oxygen and consuming carbon dioxide. It also details the light reactions that convert solar energy to chemical energy and produce ATP and NADPH, and the Calvin cycle that uses these products to reduce carbon dioxide to glucose.

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Just Ella
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26 views15 pages

Photosynthesis A

The document discusses the process of photosynthesis, including that it uses light energy to synthesize sugars from carbon dioxide and water. It explains the importance of photosynthesis in providing oxygen and consuming carbon dioxide. It also details the light reactions that convert solar energy to chemical energy and produce ATP and NADPH, and the Calvin cycle that uses these products to reduce carbon dioxide to glucose.

Uploaded by

Just Ella
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Photosynthesis

PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• Greek word:
PHOTO = light
SYNTHESIS = to put together

PHOTOSYNTHESIS is the process whereby


plants, algae, some bacteria,
use the energy of the sun to synthesize
organic compounds (sugars) from
inorganic compounds (CO2 and water).
WHY IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS SO
IMPORTANT?
PHOTOSYNTHESIS is one of the most important
biological process on earth!
• Provides the oxygen we breathe
• Consumes much of the CO2
• Food
• Energy
• Fibers and materials
THE BASICS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• Almost all plants are photosynthetic autotrophs, as
are some bacteria and protists
– Autotrophs generate their own organic matter through
photosynthesis
– Sunlight energy is transformed to energy stored in the
form of chemical bonds

(c) Euglena (d) Cyanobacteria

(b) Kelp
(a) Mosses, ferns, and
flowering plants
Light Energy Harvested by Plants &
Other Photosynthetic Autotrophs

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2


WHY ARE PLANTS GREEN?
Plant Cells
have Green
Chloroplasts

The thylakoid
membrane of the
chloroplast is
impregnated with
photosynthetic
pigments (i.e.,
chlorophylls,
carotenoids).
Light is absorbed by pigments
• The primary pigment for
photosynthesis is CHLOROPHYLL
• It absorbs blue and red light, not
green (green light is reflected
back!)
The location and structure of
chloroplasts Chloroplast
LEAF CROSS SECTION MESOPHYLL CELL
LEAF

Mesophyll

CHLOROPLAST Intermembrane space

Outer
membrane

Granum Inner
membrane
Grana Stroma Thylakoid
Stroma Thylakoid compartment
AN OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
 The light reactions
Light
convert solar Chloroplast
energy to chemical
energy NADP
ADP
 Produce ATP & NADPH +P
Calvin
• The Calvin cycle makes Light
reactions
cycle

sugar from carbon


dioxide
– ATP generated by the light
reactions provides the energy
for sugar synthesis
– The NADPH produced by the
light reactions provides the
electrons for the reduction of
carbon dioxide to glucose
Light Reaction Dark Reaction
(Calvin Cycle)

Raw materials Light Energy ATP


Water NADP
Carbon Dioxide

Products Oxygen Glucose


NADPH Water
ATP

Site Chloroplast Chloroplast


(Thylakoid) (Stroma)

Time of day Daytime Daytime


Activity
Activity A. Write the chemical equation of
photosynthesis.
Thank You!

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