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L1-Evolution of Computers

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94 views

L1-Evolution of Computers

Uploaded by

Mallika
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 1

EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERS
Your text here

ABACUS
PASCAL’S ADDING MACHINE
Leibniz Calculator
Difference Engine / Analytical Engine
Tabulating Machine
Mark I
ENIAC
(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)
EDSAC
(Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator)
EDVAC
(Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer)
UNIVAC I
(Universal Automatic Computer I)
Fact File

In 1617, John Napier made a


calculating device- a set of
rectangular rods called
Napier’s Bones.
Fact File
Around 1820, Charles Xavier
Thomas created the first
commercial mechanical Lady Augusta Ada Lovelace,
calculator, “Thomas was considered as the ‘First
Arithmometer”. programmer’.

Ted Hoff introduced the first microprocessor in 1971 for Intel. It


was known as Intel 4004
Brain Developer

A. Fill in the blanks:

1. The first mechanical calculating device was Abacus.


2. Howard Aiken Invented the first automatic sequence controlled calculator-
Mark 1.
3. Analytical engine was invented in 1833.
4. The first general-purpose electronic computer was ENIAC.

5. The second generation computers used Transistors In place of vacuum tubes.


B. Write T for True and F for False:
1. EDSAC was the first computer to handle both numeric and text data. [False]
2. Charles Babbage invented the Difference engine in 1822. [True]
3. The first generation computers used transistors technology. [False]
4. The Tabulating machine was invented by J. Presper Eckert. [True]
5. Computers are capable of handling complex instructions accurately. [True]
C. Select the correct option:
1. ……………….. generation computers are based on artificial intelligence.
a. Fourth b. Fifth c. Second
1. ………… is an example of the third generation computers.
a. Altair b. IBM 1400 c. IBM PC
1. …………. refers to the degree of perfection of operations performed by a computer.
a. Accuracy b. Speed c. Robustness
1. The ……………. Language was used in the first-generation computers.
a. Cobol b. Machine c. Fortran
1. ……………… was the first computer to handle both numeric and text data.
a. ENIAC b. EDSAC c. UNIVAC 1
E. Application Based Questions:
1. Raman is preparing for a quiz, which is based on the generations of
computers. He is looking for the input device used in the third generation. Can
you help him with the answer?
Integrated Circuits

2. Ruby is preparing a presentation on the main technology used by the different


generations of computers. She has forgotten the name of the technology used
in the second generation of computers. Help her with the right answer.
Transistors

3. Anita is trying to collect some information about the first general-purpose


electronic digital computer. Which device should she search for?
ENIAC
F. Answer the following questions:
1. Write any two characteristics of a computer.
1. Speed-Speed is the amount of time taken by a computer in completing a task.
2. Versatility- A computer can perform a variety of tasks. Therefore, it can be
used in almost all fields.

2. State any two differences between second and third-generation computers.

Second Generation Third Generation


Transistors were used in place of Integrated circuits (ICs) were used
Vacuum tubes. as the main technology.

Computers were small in size, huge


Computers were faster, cheaper,
storage capacity, higher calculating
smaller
speed, etc.
3. Write a short note on Abacus.
Abacus was the first mechanical device developed in China. It was used for
calculations, was made up of a wooden frame with rods, each having beads. The
frame is divided into two parts—Heaven and Earth.

4. Mention any two limitations of a computer.


Following are the two limitations of a computer:
• Incapability to Think • No Intelligence

5. Write about the Pascal’s Adding Machine.


In 1642, Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician, invented the adding machine
called Pascaline or Pascal’s Calculator. It used gears, wheels, and dials. Numbers
were displayed by rotating the wheels. It was capable of performing addition
and subtraction.

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