SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES

HEALTH EDUCATION
FC1-BSN1-02
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the discussion, the
students will be able to:
• Differentiate the different types
of STDs.

• Identify the signs and symptoms

of common STDs, for early
detection and treatment.

• Understand the different

preventive measures to advocate
for responsible sexual behavior 2
and promote sexual health.
CAN ANYONE SHARE A FACT OR MYTH YOU'VE HEARD
ABOUT STDS?

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 What are STDs?
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
(STDs), also known as Sexually
Transmitted Infections (STIs), are
infections primarily spread through
sexual contact. These infections can
be caused by bacteria, viruses, or
parasites. 4
 Common Types of STDs
Bacterial STDs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis.

Chlamydia Gonorrhea Syphilis

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 Common Types of STDs
Viral STDs include HPV, genital herpes, and HIV.

Human Genital Herpes Human

Papillomavirus Immunodeficiency
Virus(HIV)6
 Common Types of STDs
Parasitic STDs include Trichomoniasis, and pubic lice.

Trichomoniasis Pubic Lice

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 TRIVIA!

According to WHO, more than 1 million sexually transmitted infections

(STIs) are acquired every day worldwide, the majority of which are
asymptomatic. 8
 TRIVIA!
• In 2020, WHO estimated 374
million infections
with1 of 4 STIs:

• Chlamydia – 129 million

• Gonorrhea – 82 million
• Syphilis – 7.1 million
• Trichomoniasis- 156 million
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 TRIVIA!
• More than 500 million people 15-49 years are estimated
to have genital infection with herpes simplex virus
(HSV).
• Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection associated
with over 311,000 cervical cancer deaths each year.
• Almost 1 million pregnant women were estimated to be
infected with syphilis in 2016, resulting in over 350,000
adverse birth outcomes.
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 How can STDs be transmitted?
STDs can be transmitted through various means such as:

Sexual Intercourse Skin to skin Mother to child

contact transmission

Contact to Bodily Fluids Sharing needles 11

 Common Symptoms of STD
Some common symptoms of STD are:

Bumps Warts

Sores Swelling
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 Common Symptoms of STD
Some common symptoms of STD are:

Skin rash
Weight loss

Loose stool

Painful urination 13
 Common Symptoms of STD
Some common symptoms of STD are:

Night sweats Pain

Aches Fever
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 Common Symptoms of STD
Some common symptoms of STD are:

Vaginal discharge
Chills

Yellowing of the skin Vaginal bleeding

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How are STDs diagnosed and treated?

• Healthcare providers diagnose STD by

sexual history and current symptoms
but if confirmed, few tests or exams
are done for signs of infections.

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How are STDs diagnosed and treated?
To find the cause of STD symptoms, lab tests are done such as:

Blood test Urine sample Fluid sample

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How are STDs diagnosed and treated?

• Testing for an STD or Sexually

transmitted infection in someone
who doesn’t have symptoms but
are at risk is called Screening.
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How are STDs diagnosed and treated?
• STDS may be treated in different ways based on the causes.

Sexually transmitted infections STI caused by viruses can be

caused by bacteria are generally managed and treated but not
easier to treat. always cured.
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How are STDs diagnosed and treated?
• Some treatment includes:

Antibiotics Antiviral Drugs

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HERE ARE SEVERAL CONSEQUENCES
OF UNTREATED SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED DISEASES (STDS)
PERSISTENT SYMPTOMS

Itching
burning sensation during
urination
unusual discharge from
genitals
sores or rashes on genitals
or around the mouth or
anus

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SPREAD TO OTHERS

• If someone has an untreated STD, they

can easily pass it on to their sexual
partners through:

 Vaginal Sex

 Anal Sex

 Oral sex.

• This not only affects the person with

the STD but also puts their partners at
risk of developing the infection.
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INFERTILITY

Some STDs, like chlamydia

and gonorrhea, can lead to
infertility in both men and women.
Infections can damage
reproductive organs such as the
fallopian tubes or the testicles,
making it harder or impossible to
conceive.
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PELVIC INFLAMMATORY
DISEASE (PID)

In women, untreated STDs

like chlamydia and gonorrhea can
lead to PID. PID is an infection of
the reproductive organs that can
cause severe pain, fever, and even
lead to infertility or ectopic
pregnancies (pregnancies outside
the uterus).

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INCREASED RISK OF
HIV

Having an untreated STD

can increase the risk of
contracting HIV if exposed to the
virus. The presence of other STDs
can make it easier for HIV to
enter the body and increase the
risk of transmission during sexual
activity.

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BIRTH COMPLICATIONS

Pregnant women with

untreated STDs can pass the
infection to their babies during
childbirth. This can lead to
serious complications for the
baby, including low birth weight,
premature birth, eye infections,
pneumonia, and even stillbirth.

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LONG-TERM HEALTH
ISSUES

Some STDs, like HPV

(human papillomavirus), can
cause long-term health issues
such as genital warts and an
increased risk of certain types of
cancer, including cervical cancer
in women and anal cancer in both
men and women.

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HOW CAN STD BE PREVENTED?
 USE CONDOMS

If you're sexually active,

consistently and correctly using
condoms can significantly reduce
the risk of contracting STDs.
Condoms create a barrier that
prevents bodily fluids, which may
contain STDs, from passing
between partners.
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 ABSTINENCE

The most effective

way to prevent STDs is to
abstain from any sexual
activity, including vaginal,
anal, and oral sex.

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 LIMIT SEXUAL
PARTNERS

Having fewer sexual

partners decreases the risk of

exposure to STDs. Being in a

monogamous relationship with a

partner who has been tested and

doesn't have STDs reduces the

risk further.
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 GET TESTED
REGULARLY

Regular testing for STDs,

especially if you're sexually active
with multiple partners, can help
detect infections early and prevent
their spread. Many STDs can be
asymptomatic, meaning you may
not have any symptoms but still be
infected.
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 COMMUNICATE WITH
PARTNERS

Open and honest

communication with sexual
partners about STDs and sexual
health is crucial. Discussing STD
testing, using protection, and
being aware of each other's
sexual history can help reduce the
risk of transmission.
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 AVOID SHARING
NEEDLES

Sharing needles or
syringes for injecting drugs or
medications can transmit
STDs, including HIV and
hepatitis. Use sterile needles
and equipment to prevent
infection.
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 CONSIDER
VACCINATION

Vaccines are available

for certain STDs, such as HPV
and hepatitis B. Getting
vaccinated can provide
protection against these
infections and their potential
long-term consequences.
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 APPLICATI
ONof 10, create visual
In a group
representations such as
concept map and illustrate
connections between types of
STDs, their symptoms and
preventive measures.

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 For your assignment, answer the 10 items quiz that will be posted on your respective
Google classrooms.

Questions:
ASSIGNMENT True or False

1. STI and STD are the same.

2. STDs can only be transmitted through sexual intercourse.

3. STD means Sexually Transferred Diseases.

4.Some people may not experience symptoms of STDs.

Multiple Choice

1. STDs can be transmitted through the following,EXCEPT:

2. When should you consider making an appointment with a health care professional
regarding STDs?

3. Which of the following is NOT recommended for preventing the transmission of

STIs ?

4. Which of the following are symptoms of sexually transmitted infections STDs?

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ASSIGNMENT Essay
1. What can you do as a young person to avoid getting
STDs?
2. How will you assist those who are infected with STDs?

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 References:
• Mayo Clinic. (2023). Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) - Symptoms and
causes. Retrieved from
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sexually-transmitted-diseases-
stds/symptoms-causes/syc-20351240
• Medical News Today. (2019). STDs: How do you get one? Transmission, testing,
and treatment. Retrieved from
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327267
• WebMD. (2002). Understanding Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs).
Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com/sex-relationships/understanding-stds-
basics
• Verywell Health. (2022). The Most Common Sexually Transmitted Infections
(STIs). Retrieved from https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-most-common-stds-
sexually-transmitted-diseases-3133040

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THANK YOU!

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