Lesson 13.
The Solar System
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The solar system is not a
constant entity. It underwent
great changes before
achieving a relatively stable
state. The whole system goes
beyond merely being the sun
plus eight planets. How did
the solar system develop
into its present state?
Learning Competency
At the end of this lesson, the given DepEd learning
competency should be met by the students.
Compare the planets of the solar system (S6ES-IVg-h-6).
Learning Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to
do the following:
● Recall the role of the sun in the solar system.
● Describe what the solar system is.
● Explain the formation of the solar system.
● Enumerate the different celestial bodies that
compose the solar system.
Learn about It
Formation of the Solar System
The nebular theory states that the
solar system started out as a nebula
– a great celestial cloud of gas, dust,
ice, and charged particles.
Nebula
Formation of the Solar system
Learn about It
Constituents and Members
Planets
• Planets are the largest
objects in the solar system.
These large celestial bodies
revolve around the Sun
along elliptical orbits that are
clear from other objects.
Planet Earth
Learn about It
Constituents and Members
Planets
• The four planets closest
to the sun were formed
from dust particles.
These are Mercury,
Venus, Earth, and
Mars, the terrestrial Planets of the solar system
planets composed of
rock and metal.
Learn about It
Constituents and Members
Planets
• The remaining planets
were formed from large
amounts of ice. These
are Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, and Neptune,
the Jovian planets. Planets of the solar system
Learn about It
Constituents and Members
Moons
• Natural satellites or simply
moons are objects that orbit
around larger bodies.
• Moons can also orbit other large
bodies, like dwarf planets and
exceptionally large asteroids. Moon
Learn about It
Constituents and Members
Minor Bodies
• Asteroids are chunks of mostly
rock and metal, and represent
debris from the nebular cloud
which never formed into a
planet.
Asteroid
Learn about It
Constituents and Members
Minor Bodies
• Comets are objects
composed of ice and dust.
As they approach the sun,
the heat evaporates the ice
in the comet, resulting in a
long trail of glowing vapor
called the tail. Comets
Learn about It
Constituents and Members
Minor Bodies
• Dwarf planets are larger than
asteroid and comets, but much
smaller than planets and some
moons.
• Other dwarf planets include
Ceres, Eris, Haumea, and
Dwarf planet
Makemake.
Learn about It
Constituents and Members
Minor Bodies
• Meteoroids are fragments
from space (including those
from comets, asteroids, and
moon rocks) that enter a
planet’s atmosphere.
Meteor
Learn about It
Future of the solar system
• The solar system’s life span is the same as the sun’s. Like all
stars, the sun has a finite amount of hydrogen to fuel its
nuclear fusion. Once the fuel runs out, the star will “die”.
• Massive stars tend to explode in supernovae when they
die, leaving behind neutron stars or black holes.
Learn about It
Future of the Solar System
Life cycle of star
Key Points
● The nebular theory is the most accepted theory about the
solar system’s origins.
● The formation of planets is closely tied with the formation
of the sun.
● The solar system consists not only the sun, but the planets,
moons, and other minor bodies such as asteroids, comets,
meteoroids, and several dwarf planets.
Check Your Understanding
Tell whether the given is a terrestrial planet, a Jovian
planet, a dwarf planet, a star, an asteroid or a comet.
1. Sun
2. Jupiter
3. Vesta
4. Ison
5. Pluto
Bibliography
Arny, Thomas T. and Schneider, Stephen E. Explorations: An Introduction to Astronomy. 5th ed. New York: NY.
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2008.
Kerrod, Robin. Questions and Answers: Stars and Planets. Connecticut: Grolier, 2003.
Marshak, Stephen. Essentials of Geology. 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2009.
Multiple contributors. The New Book of Popular Science, Vol. 1. Connecticut: Grolier, 2004.
Multiple contributors. World Book’s Childcraft. Vol. 7: The Universe. Chicago: World Book, Inc., 2000.
NASA Science: Solar System Exploration. Various Articles. Accessed October 22, 2017.
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/
Seguela, Philippe. Space Probes: 50 Years of Exploration from Luna 1 to New Horizons. 1st ed. Buffalo, New
York. Firefly Books Ltd., 2011.
