PRESENTATION:
Presented By:
AREEBA SHAHZAD
QURAT UL AIN
Roll No:
84 , 85
Semester:
BS 6th intake SS2
Topic:
ANATOMY OF FLOWER
Presented To:
PROF MAHRUKH MANSOOR
FLOWER:
• A compressed shoot
bearing floral leaves
• They are the reproductive
shoots of angiosperms
sporophytes because they
cease growing and fruits
are formed
• They are most colorful as
well as the most
widespread
• Diverse members of the
plant kingdom
PETALS:
• Life like usually colorful structure
• Arranged in circle called carolla
• Present around the top of a flower stem
• Often have a nectar and perfume at their bases
FUNCTION:
• Support and protect the fertile structures
• Also help in pollinators
SEPALS:
• Life like usually green
• Encircle the flower stem
• Beneath the petals
FUNCTION:
• Like petals sepals also support and protect the
fertile structures
• Help to attract pollinators
• Cover outside of the flower bud to protect the
flower before it opens
STAMENS:
• Male reproductive part of a flower
• Made up of filament and anther
FUNCTION:
• Main function to produce pollens
ANTHER:
• Terminal structure which is a part of stamen
FUNCTION:
• Produce and contains stamens
FILAMENT:
• hair like stalk of the stamen
• Bears the anther
FUNCTION:
• to attached the anther to the flower stem
• Female structure of a flower
CARPELS:
• Consist of stigma , style , ovary and ovule
FUNCTION:
• Main function of pistil is to produce ovule
STIGMA:
• is the sticky or feathery surface on which pollen grains land and grow
FUNCTION:
• receives and captures the pollen grains and on which they germinate
STYLE:
• Slender stalk of the pistil that the stigma sits on the top of
FUNCTION:
• connects the stigma to the ovary
• The place where pollen tube grows
OVARY:
• enlarged basal portion of the pistil
• Structure formed at the lower end of pistil
FUNCTION:
• Place where ovules containing eggs are
formed
• Produced
• Will eventually become the fruit
OVULE:
• Structure in the camber of an ovary
containing the egg cells
• With in the embryo sac
FUNCTION:
• carries female gametes
• Becomes seed after fertilization
PEDUNCLE:
• Peduncle is a stem usually green
• Though some peduncles are more or
less florally colored or neutral in color
, having no particular pigmentation
FUNCTION:
• Main function is to support
inflorescence
RECEPTACLE:
• Thickened part of the stem from which the flower organs grow
FUNCTION:
• Give rise to the edible part of to flower and fruit
CLASSIFICATION OF FLOWER:
• PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF FLORAL PARTS:
COMPLETE FLOWER:
• A flower that have all essential four parts
• Sepals , petals , stamens and pistil
INCOMPLETE FLOWER;
• A flower that lacks one or more of the four floral parts
PERFECT FLOWER:
• A flower with both stamen and pistil ( may lack sepals and petals)
• Also called bisexual flower
IMPERFECT FLOWER:
• A flower that bears either stamen or pistil
• The flower may be staminate and pistillate
• It is also called as unisexual flower
POLLINATION:
• Act of transferring pollen grains
from the male anther of the
flower to the female stigma
• Goal of every living thing is to
produce off spring for next
generation
• One of the ways that plant
produce offspring is by making
seeds
SELF POLLINATION:
• If a stigma receives pollen from the same flower on the same plant
CROSS POLLINATION:
• If the stigma receives
pollen from another
flower of the same
species
FERTILIZATION:
• Fusion of gametes
• result in diploid zygotes
• Divides by mitosis
• Form new sporophyte
SINGLE
FERTILIZATION:
• The fusion of male and female
gametes produced by the same
plants
• Occurs in bisexual organisms
• example: gumamela
DOUBLE FERTILIZATION:
• The process by which two sperm cells nuclei unite with two cell nuclei
of the female gametophyte
• The triploid nucleus will divide many times, eventually forming the
endosperm of sperm
