Prepared by:

Pintu kumar singh

TGT SOCIAL SCIENCE
KV ARARIA:
PRINCIPLES IN
CLASSROOM
MANAGEMENT
1. Consistent, proactive discipline is the
crux of effective classroom management.

“Prevention is better than cure”, so

goes the adage. If we are proactive in our
approach to discipline we prevent
unnecessary disciplinary problems from
cropping up. We have not to wait for
disciplinary problems to erupt for us to
take a move.
 1.Establish routines for all daily
tasks and needs.
Routinized collection of assignments,
passing of papers, and preparation for
experiments saves as a lot of time and effort. We
have not to explain or instruct our pupils/
students on how to pass papers, collect
assignments, prepare for experiments day in and
day out because we have established the routines
for these everyday tasks. They have become
habitual for each member of the class.
3. Orchestrate smooth transitions and
continuity of momentum throughout the
day.

Smooth transitions and continuity of

momentum throughout the day ensure us
that every instructional moment is made
use of wisely. No unnecessary lull is
created that will breed classroom
restlessness, which is the father of
disciplinary problems.
 4. Strike a balance between variety and
challenge in students’ activities.

A variety of student activities will ensure that

students’ multiple intelligences and varied learning
styles are considered in the conduct of student
activities. Most of the time our activities fall under the
word use, talking, writing will certainly challenge the
linguistically intelligent students but bore the logic
and math wizards and other groups of different
intelligences. When boredom creeps into the
classroom, we have disciplinary problems in our
hands.
5. As classroom manager, be aware of all
actions and activities in the classroom.
Our heightened awareness of everything
that is happening in our classroom puts our
pupils and students on their toes all the time.
While our back faces them when we write on the
board, our “eyes on the back of our heads”
will make our pupils and students feel that we
know what they are doing. This is what
Kounin calls with-it-ness.
6. Resolve minor inattention and
disruption before they become major
disruptions.
The old adage “a stitch on time saves nine”
aptly applies here. We have not to wait until our
class is out of control. Misdemeanor has a “ripple
effect” if not checked early.
Conflagration begins with a spark. Put out the
spark early enough to avoid conflagration. We
ought to respond to inappropriate behavior
promptly.
1. Reinforce positive behavior
Be generous with genuine praise. Some
teachers are quite stingy with praise. These are the
teachers who think will become less when they
praise others. They have the so-called
“subtraction mentality.” Other teachers are
overgenerous with their praise. Their praises
overflow so much that they give praise even
when is not appropriate. For our praise to be
genuine it must be given according to merit. It is our
way of appreciating and recognizing hard work
and good behavior.
1. Treat minor disturbance calmly.

“Do not make a mountain out of a

mole.” If a stern look or gesture can kill
the inappropriate behavior so be it.
That’s the end period! Let us not make a fuss
about it.
9. Work out a physical arrangement
of chairs that facilitates an interactive
teaching-learning process.
There is no doubt that external environment
affects us. The most common arrangement of
tables and chair in the classroom is one where the
teachers’ table and chairs are in front and the
student’s desk or chairs are arranged in rows
facing the teacher. This seat arrangement does not
always enhance interaction among students. Let us
work for a flexible seating arrangement where we
can re-arrange seats or desk to suit our learning
needs and conditions.
10. Make good use of every
instructional moment.
Minimize discipline time to
maximize instructional time.
 CLASSROOM
MANAGEMENT
TECHNIQUES
Time is of the essence in learning. How much
students learn depends upon the amount of
time they spend in learning. The impact
of time however on achievement is
influenced also by the quality of
instruction and the learning tasks. No
matter what amount of time is spent, no
learning takes place if there is poor
instruction and poorly devised learning
tasks. It is observed that classes where
students are occupied with learning
activities, where time is managed properly,
learn more.
HERE ARE SOME RESEARCH-BASED
EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUES TO MAKE WISE ALL
OF TIME:

 Orchestrate smooth classroom transitions.

Remain involved with the students during the
entire class period allowing for no idle time.
Use fillers, in case you finish the lesson ahead of
time. Examples of fillers are reciting a favorite stanza
then letting others explain the meaning or conducting
a short contest about the lesson.
 Cont…
Use a common place to keep materials such as
scissors, school supplies. This saves time. You have
not to look for them when you need them.
Follow a consistent schedule and maintain the
procedures and routines established at the beginning
of the year.
 Prepare materials in advance.
 Make clear and smooth transitions.
 Limit disruptions and interruptions through
appropriate behavioral management technique.
FOR QUALITY OUTPUT WITHIN AN ALLOTTED
PERIOD, HERE ARE SOME SUGGESTIONS:

Schedule all activities with corresponding time

allotment way ahead of time. Early preparations
could avoid haste and confusion.
Provide enough time for everything you expect
to happen.
Avoid rushing since you know you have carefully
allotted required time for every activity. Quality may
suffer.
Anticipate difficulties or failure of some operations
in order to be able to pursue alternative actions.
 Cont…
Be flexible with time assignments. If
students are observed to be so interested and
eager to continue working, allow a little more
time for them to complete and achieve the
objectives with satisfaction.
Set the example by showing that you are
time- conscious. They will develop the same
precision regarding time utilization.
Discipline is controlled behavior. It
constitutes the next important concern
of teachers as part of good
management. No matter how well-
managed a learning environment is,
students will occasionally misbehave.
Teachers must be ready to deal with
them with utmost care and
consideration.
 SOME CAUSES OF DISCIPLINARY
PROBLEMS

 Unfavorable learning conditions

-The classroom may not be conducive to learning if it is:

•overcrowded with more than the regular number of students to a

class.
• with poor lighting facilities and inadequate ventilation.
• with furniture and storage cabinets disorderly positioned,
making the collection and retrieval of tools less efficient.
•with inappropriate seating arrangement such that
distractions can easily occur
•near sources of noise which obstruct understanding of the
lesson.
 Teacher’s poor management skills
-The teachers’ lack of adequate knowledge
and skills in handling occurrences of misbehavior
likewise contribute to a trouble-prone setting.
 Students’ varied background
-The students bring to the classroom a
surprising record of individual attitudes, interests and
abilities. Said characteristics could be traced from
their differences in: a) family background, b) physical
and mental capacities, and c) emotional traits among
others.
 HOW TO PREVENT DISCIPLINE
PROBLEMS
To prevent discipline problems, teachers can:

implement group-oriented methodologies

such as: 1) cooperative learning approach, 2)
team learning, 3) peer tutoring, and 4) group
projects and collections.
 use varied teaching techniques
develop patience, compassion, genuine
respect and care for the students.
Schools differ in how they achieve and maintain
good discipline. Following are some common
practices.

1. Discipline is the students’ responsibility. If they misbehave, the

teacher accepts no excuses. They must be ready for the
consequences.
2. Discipline is the teachers’ way of establishing a desirable
student- oriented environment for learning.
3. Discipline is coupled with effective teaching strategies and
techniques.
4. Discipline is achieved through the effects of group
dynamics on behavior.
5. Discipline is believed to be the exclusive
responsibility of
the teachers.
WAYS OF DEALING WITH DISCIPLINE
PROBLEMS

ACCEPTABLE AND EFFECTIVE:

1. Use verbal reinforcers that encourage good

behavior and discourage bad tendencies.
2. Use nonverbal gestures, frown or a hard look
to
dissuade them from mischiefs.
3. Dialogues can help in discovering problems and
agreeing on mutually beneficial solutions
4. Focus attention on one who is unruly and is
about to disturb the neighbors.
1. Award merits for good behavior and
demerits for inconsistencies and lapses.
2. A private one-on- one brief conference
can lead to a better understanding of
mistakes that need to be remedied or
improved.
3. Give students the free to express or
explain agitated feelings and misgivings
rather than censure them right away.
UNACCEPTABLE AND INEFFECTIVE:

1. Scolding and harsh words as a reprimand will

have a negative effect on the entire class.
2. Nagging and faultfinding, together with
long “sermons” are repugnant and nasty.
3. keeping a student in a “detention area” during or
after classes as a penalty for misbehavior is a waste of
time and occasion for learning. The shameful
experience is not easy to forget.
4. Denying a student some privileges due to
unnecessary hyperactivity can all the more
encourage repetitions.
1. Assignment of additional homework
compared to the rest can make them
dislike the subject.
2. Use of ridicule or sarcasm could
humiliate and embarrass a student.
3. Grades for academic achievement
should not be affected due to
misdemeanor.
FURNITURE ARRANGEMENT
Furniture such as chairs and tables for
demonstrations or displays must be positioned
appropriately.
Exhibit shelves are either permanently pinned to
the wall or are made to stand at the sides.
White board for writing and clarifying lesson
discussions, together with bulletin boards, are
available for posting important messages and
outstanding pieces of students work, art and
illustrations.
 Below are some sample seating arrangements:

Students in rows face front of

classroom (door is in back of room) 1. Traditional rows in
columns are ideal for
establishing classroom
management. This
arrangement allows
students to focus on you
when you are lecturing or
teaching routines and
procedures. It is great for
Door direct instruction.
 2. Position student desks so
that they face the center
when you are facilitating
classroom discussions. The
Students outer area is ideal for skits,
face center role playing, and student
of demonstrations. It creates a
classroom friendlier atmosphere and
can be used in lieu of
traditional rows.
 3. Situate chairs around
tables so that students do
not have their backs facing
you. When it is time for small
group activities, they can
Students move their chairs to face each
at tables other. This arrangement is
face front ideal for cooperative learning
of room activities. Be aware that
seating students in groups
invites dialogue, which is
great if that is your purpose.
 4. This format is
wonderful if you have
Students desks because you can
desks rearrange them from
grouped so traditional rows into
students
groups and back again,
face each
depending on your lesson
other
plan. Teach students how
to quickly rearrange the
desks to facilitate small
group work.
 Clean rooms, hallways and surroundings are
wholesome places to stay in. the teacher should schedule
who is responsible for their neatness on a regular basis.
The physical environment must also be a safe
place where curious, overactive and energetic
children are always o n the go.
During class hours proper lighting and ventilation
must be provided and maintained for everybody’s
comfort.
Refers to the established activities or
procedures that are repeatedly done.
1. Teach pupils to learn how to form various
grouping and return to standard
arrangement with minimum confusion.
2. Do not use the first few minutes of the
class session to collect materials when
students are potentially most alert to
instruction.
1. “Overlapping” technique is used for collection
and distribution of materials. It refers to the
teacher’s ability to attend to the task at hand and
at the same time prevent an extraneous situation
from getting out of control.
2. Prepare for transition by planning distinct
types and sequences of teacher- pupil activity e.g.
checking homework assignment, presentation of new
material, giving assignment, monitoring seatwork.
Transition should be quick and quiet.
This refers to emotional climate and
communications affecting learning
conditions.

1. Maintain positive climate characteristics which

allow students to choose a variety of activities
to achieve common goals.
2. Develop sense of interdependence, common
bonds, defined group expectations and
relationship qualities that enhance wholesome
emotional climate.
3. Develop communication characteristics
that promote wholesome classroom
relationship like positive constructive
conversations aimed at understanding on
another’s point of view.
4 . Render different forms of assistance by
providing class meetings or students to have an
opportunity to examine the ideas and feelings
that influence value judgment.