Scribd
Upload
259 views18 pages

Quality Assurance in Health Care

Uploaded by

abuuharuna05
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
259 views18 pages

Quality Assurance in Health Care

Uploaded by

abuuharuna05
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

LAWRA NTC

MAN 222
Quality Assurance in Health Care

ALEXIS KUURIDONG
2023
Learning Objectives
 Components of quality
 3 Perspectives on quality in health care and

significance of each
 Quality assurance – definition
 Steps of the quality assurance cycle
 Application of quality assurance at the facility

and district/regional/national levels


What is Quality?
What is Quality?
1) efficacy: the ability of care, at its best, to
improve health; what is possible?
2) effectiveness: the degree to which attainable
health improvements are realized; what is
achieved?
3) efficiency: the ability to obtain the greatest
health improvement at the lowest cost;
4) optimality: the most advantageous balancing
of costs and benefits
What is Quality
5) acceptability: conformity to patient
preferences regarding accessibility, the
patient-practitioner relation, the amenities,
the effects of care, and the cost of care;
6) legitimacy: conformity to social preferences
concerning all of the above; and
7) equity: fairness in the distribution of care
and its effects on health.
3 Perspectives on Quality
1. Patient – individual view;
satisfaction with experience
of receiving care
2. Management – system view;
cost effectiveness,
efficiency, minimization of
iatrogenic illness and errors

3. Professional – view of clinician/nurse;


effectiveness, results of individual
actions, job satisfaction
What does the community need and want?

As the facility As the district As the consultants


requested it ordered it designed it

As the experts As the specialists What the community


created it installed it wanted
What is Quality Assurance?
 The set of activities that are carried out to set
standards and to monitor and improve
performance so that the care provided is as
effective and as safe as possible.
 Quality assurance is a systems approach.
 The process of continual systems

improvement is also referred to as:


Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)
What is Involved?
Quality Assurance depends on:
1. Adherence to standards, and
2. An ability to monitor and evaluate health
care delivery based on those standards.
3. An ability to make improvements based on
findings utilizing a strong supervisory
system
What Standards are Used?
 Evidence based practices; best practices
 National and International protocols and

practice guidelines or essential activities


packages
◦ e.g. IMCI case management guidelines, malaria case
management guidelines, TB management case
guidelines, etc.
Monitoring and Evaluating
 Often dependent on the accuracy and
completeness of documentation
 May be research driven
 May be carried out at a facility, district,

regional, or national level


Monitoring & Evaluation
 Areas for Monitoring and Evaluation in health
care:
◦ technical competence,
◦ access to service,
◦ effectiveness,
◦ interpersonal relations,
◦ efficacy,
◦ continuity,
◦ safety,
◦ amenities
Data Sources
 Patient files
 Information system data on OPD attendance
 In-patient admission & deaths
 Immunization coverage
 Surveys (patient satisfaction)
 Supervision
 Complaints
 Critical incidents
Indicators
 The yardstick by which you are measuring the
problem; examples:
◦ What percentage of patients were attended
promptly in the A&E?
◦ What percentage of patients understand their
diagnosis?
◦ What percentage of patients understand their
medication regimen?
Factors Negatively Affecting Quality
of Health Care
 Financial resources – national/regional
 Human resources - nurse/patient ratio
 Material resources – availability of

medications and treatments


 Structural resources – few hospitals/clinics

in certain areas
 Clinician/nurse fatigue
 Lack of knowledge/skills
 Communication/language
 Attitude
Costs of Poor Quality Health Care
 Wrong diagnosis  Wasted time
 Wrong treatment (patient and
 Repeated OPD nurse)
 Wasted treatment
visits
 Prolonged illness  Non-compliance

 Iatrogenic illness  Frustrated

 Death patients
 Low staff morale
Benefits of High Quality Health Care
 Good health  Health workers
outcomes understand patients
 Patient satisfaction  Improved
 Value for money information flow
 Patients utilize among staff
 Good reputation of
services
appropriately/timel facility
y
 Satisfied health

workers

You might also like