Warm Up

Day 10 (8-21-09)
1. Evaluate (5k  3)  2k let k  3

2. Solve 3  (5 x  10)  2 x  4 x  (3x  7)

3. Graph x  7 or x  3
 Informal Algebra II
Day 10 (8-21-09)

Objective:
1. Identify Domain and Range
2. Know and use the Cartesian Plane
3. Graph equations using a chart
4. Determine if a Relation is a Function
5. Use the Vertical Line Test for Functions
 Relations
A relation is a mapping, or pairing, of
input values with output values.

 The
set of input values is called the
domain.

 Theset of output values is called the

range.
 Domain & Range
Domain is the set of Range is the set of all
all x values. y values.

Example 1: {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3)}

Domain- D: {1, 2} Range- R: {1, 2, 3}

Example 2:

Find the Domain and Range of the

following relation:
{(a,1), (b,2), (c,3), (e,2)}

Domain: {a, b, c, e} Range: {1, 2, 3}

Page 107
3.2 Graphs
 Cartesian Coordinate System
 Cartesian coordinate plane
 x-axis
 y-axis
 origin
 quadrants

Page 110
 A Relation can be represented by a
set of ordered pairs of the form (x,y)

Quadrant II Quadrant I
X<0, y>0 X>0, y>0

Origin (0,0)

Quadrant III Quadrant IV

X<0, y<0 X>0, y<0
Plot:(-3,5) (-4,-2) (4,3) (3,-4)
Every equation has solution points (points
which satisfy the equation).
3x + y = 5
Some solution points: (0, 5), (1, 2), (2, -1), (3, -4)

Most equations have infinitely many

solution points.

Page 111
Ex 3. Determine whether the given ordered
pairs are solutions of this equation.
(-1, -4) and (7, 5); y = 3x -1

The collection of all solution points is

the graph of the equation.
Ex4 . Graph y = 3x – 1.

x 3x-1 y

Page 112
Ex 5. Graph y = x² - 5

x x² - 5 y

-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
What are your
questions?
 3.3 Functions
•A relation as a function provided there is
exactly one output for each input.

•It is NOT a function if at least one input has

more than one output

Page 116
In order for a relationship to be a function…
EVERY INPUT MUST HAVE AN OUTPUT
TWO DIFFERENT INPUTS CAN HAVE THE
SAME OUTPUT
ONE INPUT CAN HAVE ONLY
ONE OUTPUT
INPUT
(DOMAIN)
Functions
FUNCTION
MACHINE

OUTPUT (RANGE)
Example 6
Which of the following relations are
functions?
R= {(9,10, (-5, -2), (2, -1), (3, -9)}
S= {(6, a), (8, f), (6, b), (-2, p)}
T= {(z, 7), (y, -5), (r, 7) (z, 0), (k, 0)}

No two ordered pairs can have the

same first coordinate
(and different second coordinates).
Identify the Domain and Range. Then
tell if the relation is a function.
Input Output

-3 3

1 1

3 -2

4
Function?
Yes: each input is mapped
Domain = {-3, 1,3,4} onto exactly one output

Range = {3,1,-2}
Identify the Domain and Range. Then
tell if the relation is a function.

Input Output

-3 3

1 -2

4 1

Domain = {-3, 1,4} Notice the set notation!!!

Function?
Range = {3,-2,1,4} No: input 1 is mapped onto
Both -2 & 1
 Look at example 1 on page 116

 Do “Try This” a at the bottom of page 116

1. {(2,5) , (3,8) , (4,6) , (7, 20)}

2. {(1,4) , (1,5) , (2,3) , (9, 28)}

3. {(1,0) , (4,0) , (9,0) , (21, 0)}

 The Vertical Line Test
If it is possible for a vertical line
to intersect a graph at more
than one point, then the graph
is NOT the graph of a function.

Page 117
Use the vertical line test to visually check if the
relation is a function.

(4,4)
(-3,3)

(1,1)

(1,-2)

Function?
No, Two points are on
The same vertical line.
Use the vertical line test to visually check if the
relation is a function.

(-3,3)
(1,1) (3,1)

(4,-2)

Function?
Yes, no two points are
on the same vertical line
Examples
 I’m going to show you a series of
graphs.
 Determine whether or not these
graphs are functions.
 You do not need to draw the graphs in
your notes.
#1 Function?
#2 Function?
#3 Function?
#4 Function?
#5 Function?
#6 Function?
#7 Function?
#8 Function?
#9 Function?
 Function?
#10
#11 Function?
#12 Function?
Function Notation
f (x)
“f of x”
Input = x
Output = f(x) = y
Before… Now…

y = 6 – 3x f(x) = 6 – 3x
x y x f(x)
-2 12 -2 12
-1 9 (x, y) -1 9 (x, f(x))
0 6 0 6
1 3 1 3
2 0 2 0

(input, output)
Example 7
Find g(2) and g(5).
g = {(1, 4),(2,3),(3,2),(4,-8),(5,2)}

g(2) = 3 g(5) = 2
Example 8

Consider the function

h= { (-4, 0), (9,1), (-3, -2), (6,6), (0, -2)}

Find h(9), h(6), and h(0).

Example 9.
f(x) = 2x2 – 3
Find f(0), f(-3), f(5a).
Example 10.
F(x) = 3x2 +1
Find f(0), f(-1), f(2a).

f(0) = 1
f(-1) = 4
f(2a) = 12a2 + 1
 Domain
The set of all real numbers that you
can plug into the function.

f :{( 3,0), ( 1,4), (0,2), (2,2), (4,1)}

D: {-3, -1, 0, 2, 4}
 What is the domain?
Ex. g(x) = -3x2 + 4x + 5
D: all real numbers

x4 x+30
Ex. f ( x)  x  -3
x3

D: All real numbers except -3

 What is the domain?
1
Ex. h( x )  x-50
x 5
D: All real numbers except 5

Ex. 1
f ( x)  x + 2 0
x2

D: All Real Numbers except -2

What are your
questions?
 Homework
 Page 108
14-20 even
 Page 114
4-32 (multiples of 4) (omit #8)
 Page 119
1-12 (yes or no)
14-28 even