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Logic and Set Theory Defense

This document discusses propositional logic and its different types of propositions including bi-conditional, conditional, conjunction, and disjunction. Truth tables are provided for each proposition type both with two variables and extended to three variables.

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Baby Jean Richa
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25 views10 pages

Logic and Set Theory Defense

This document discusses propositional logic and its different types of propositions including bi-conditional, conditional, conjunction, and disjunction. Truth tables are provided for each proposition type both with two variables and extended to three variables.

Uploaded by

Baby Jean Richa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LOGIC AND SET THEORY DEFENSE

Title: A Comparative Study of Propositional


Logic with
Different Sets of Variables
MAY 2024
Conte
I. Introduction

II. nts
Literature Review

III Types of Propositions


I. INTRODUCTION

• The rules of mathematical logic specify methods


of reasoning mathematical statements.
• Propositional Logic is concerned with statements
to which the truth values, “true” and “false”, can
be assigned.
• A proposition is a collection of declarative
statements that has either a truth value "true” or a
truth value "false".
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
The authors also defined the truth table which displays the relationships between truth
values that are true (denoted T) if it is true proposition and false (denoted F)
otherwise. They classified these propositions as:

(i)Negation of p and denoted ¬ p. They defined as the truth value of the negation of p
was the opposite of the truth value of p, read as “not p”.
(ii)The compound proposition conjunction denoted p∧ q, is true when both p and q
are true and false otherwise.
(iii)The compound proposition disjunction denoted p∨ q is false when both p and q
are false and true otherwise; the compound proposition conditional denoted p→q, is
false when p is true and q is false, and is true otherwise.
(iv)The compound proposition exclusive or denoted (p⊕q), is true when exactly one
of p and q is true and is false otherwise.
(v)The compound proposition bi-conditional denoted by p↔q, is true when p and q
have the same truth value, and is false otherwise.
III. TYPES OF PROPOSITIONS
Propositional logic has many different forms of propositions under its adjudication some of which
we have mentioned below.

3.1. BI – CONDTIONAL (⇔)


A ⇔B is bi-conditional logical connective which is true when p and q are both false or both are true.
The truth table is as follows:
VARIABLE P VARIABLE Q RESULT
TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE FALSE FALSE
FALSE TRUE FALSE
FALSE FALSE TRUE
3.1. CONDTIONAL (→)
An implication A →B is False if A is true and B is false. The rest cases are true. The truth table is as
follows:
VARIABLE P VARIABLE Q RESULT
TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE FALSE FALSE
FALSE TRUE TRUE
FALSE FALSE TRUE

3.2. CONJUNCTION (AND ^)


The AND operation of two propositions A and B (written as A Λ B) is true if both the propositional
variable A and B is true. The truth table is as follows:

VARIABLE P VARIABLE Q RESULT


TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE FALSE FALSE
FALSE FALSE FALSE
FALSE FALSE FALSE
3.4 DISJUNCTION (OR ˅)
The OR operation of two propositions A and B (written as A V B) is true if at least
any of the propositional variable A or B is true. The truth table is as follows:

VARIABLE P VARIABLE Q RESULT


TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE FALSE TRUE
FALSE TRUE TRUE
FALSE FALSE FALSE
3.5 TESTING BY USING VARIABLES
A) USING THREE VARIABLES
CONDITIONAL
VARIABLE P VARIABLE Q VARIABLE R RESULT
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE
TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE
TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE
FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE
FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE
FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE
FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE

BI - CONDITIONAL
VARIABLE P VARIABLE Q VARIABLE R RESULT
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE
TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE
FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE
FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE
FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE
FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
CONJUNCTION
VARIABLE P VARIABLE Q VARIABLE R RESULT
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE
TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE
FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE
FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE
FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE
FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE

DISJUNCTION
VARIABLE P VARIABLE Q VARIABLE R RESULT
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE
TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE
TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE
FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE
FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE
FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE
FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
THANK
MAY 2024

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