Department of BES-II

BASIC ELECTRICAL & ELCTRONIC

CIRCUITS (BEC)
COURSE CODE : 23EC1203
Topic:

VOLTAGE REGULATOR-LM723
Session – No.22
 AIM OF THE SESSION

To familiarize students with the basic concept of LM723 and its importantance.

INSTRUCTIONAL
OBJECTIVES

This Session is designed to:

1. Demonstrate the concept of voltage regulator
2. Describe the working principle of LM723
3. List out the characterstics of LM723
4. Describe the importantance of LM723

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this session, you should be able to:

1. Define the voltage regulator
2. Describe the LM723
3. Summarize the overall concept of LM723
 SESSION INTRODUCTION

 There are various types of voltage regulators for getting a regulated power supply like 7812, 7805, etc.
However, all these regulators provide a fixed value output. For inconsistent voltage regulation, an
LM317 IC voltage regulator.
 LM723 IC is a changeable voltage regulator, used in the series regulator application with 150mA current
o/p without exterior pass transistor.
 When we utilize an external transistor, then it supplies 10A current to drive the load. The input voltage
supply is maximum 40V & its o/p voltage ranges from 3volts to 40volts.
SESSION DESCRIPTION
 SESSION DESCRIPTION (Cont..)

Pin1 (NC): Not connected Pin9 (Vz): This pin is generally used to make negative
Pin2 (Current Limit): This pin is used to limit the current regulators
Pin3 (Current Sense): This pin is used in foldback application Pin10 (Vout): This is the o/p pin
as well as to limit the current Pin11 (Vc): This is the series pass transistor’s collector
Pin4 (Inverting Input): This pin provides stable o/p voltage input. Generally, it is connected directly to the +ve
Pin5 (Non-inverting Input): This pin is used to supply a voltage supply if an exterior transistor is not used.
reference voltage to the inside of the operational amplifier. Pin 12 (V+): This is the input of the positive supply
Pin6 (Vref): This pin provides an almost 7v reference voltage Pin13 (Frequency Compensation): This pin assists in
Pin7 (-Vcc): GND (Ground) Pin decreasing noise with a 100pf capacitor
Pin8 (NC): Not connected Pin 14 (NC): Not connected.
 FEATURES OF LM723

The features of the LM723 include the following.

 The unnecessary o/p current will be 150mA without using an exterior pass transistor.
 The maximum input supply voltage will be 40V.
 It offers modifiable o/p from 3volts to 37volts.
 These ICs are used to make switching & linear regulator.
 It supplies 10A o/p current with the help of an external pass transistor.
 These ICs are used for different operations such as positive, negative, series, floating, and shunt.
 SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications of LM723
 The maximum i/p voltage is 40v
 The reference voltage is always 7 volts
 Ripple rejection is 74 dB
 The current supply from Vz pin is 25mA
 The output voltage ranges from 3volts to 37 volts
 The range of operating temperature will be from -55°C to +150°C
 The current supply from Vref pin is 15mA
 The line and load regulation of 0.01%Vout & 0.03% Vout
BLOCK DIAGRAM
 BLOCK DAIGARM (cont..)

 The block diagram can be explained by separating it into two blocks namely the error amplifier and the
reference voltage generator.
 In the reference block, a Zener diode is being forced to work at set point, so the o/p of the more zener is a
permanent voltage with a stable current supply which arrives to produce a stable voltage (7.15V) along with an
amplifier on the Vref pin of the IC.
 In the error amplifier block, it includes a series pass Q1 transistor, an error amplifier, & a transistor which limits the
current. This amplifier is used to contrast the o/p voltage which is given at inverting i/p terminal throughout
feedback toward the Vref-reference voltage given at the non-inverting terminal.
 The two connections internally not offered & so have to be externally offered in accordance with the required output
voltage. The conduction of the transistor Q1 is controlled by the error signal. It is this transistor that controls the
output voltage.
 BLOCK DAIGARM (cont..)

 The advantages of LM723 voltage regulator include proven, low noise, the voltage range is wide, support for
external pass transistors, recompense by the user, extremely flexible, complete temperature range accessible, and
economical.
 The disadvantages of LM723 voltage regulator include difficulty, current limiting is not exact, current limiting is
sensitive to overload, lowest dropout voltage, least regulated o/p voltage, error amplifier gain is Moderate, error
amp bias current, and be careful when using MOSFET pass transistors.
 ACTIVITIES/ CASE STUDIES/ IMPORTANT FACTS RELATED TO
THE SESSION

Battery Charger:
Activity: Create a battery charger circuit using the LM723 to regulate the charging voltage for rechargeable
batteries.
Case Study: Investigate the charging characteristics and efficiency of the LM723-based battery charger for
different types of batteries, such as lead-acid or NiMH.
Voltage and Current Regulator:
Activity: Combine the LM723 with external components to create a dual-mode regulator that regulates both
voltage and current.
Case Study: Analyze the advantages of having a voltage and current regulation capability in a power supply,
especially for driving loads with dynamic power requirements.
 EXAMPLES

Battery Charger:
The LM723 can also be used in battery charger circuits. In this example, the LM723 is configured to regulate the
charging voltage for a lead-acid battery. The feedback loop adjusts the charging voltage to the desired level, and
the current is limited by the resistor (R3) and the voltage drop across the sense resistor (R4).
R1 and R2: Resistors for setting the reference voltage.
R3: Current-limiting resistor for setting the charging current.
R4: Sense resistor for current sensing.
C1 and C2: Input and output capacitors for filtering.
 SUMMARY

 It is an adjustable voltage regulator and the applications of LM723 mainly include a temperature
controller, shunt and current regulator. It provides a high range of o/p voltage & current equal to 10A by
just inserting a sequence pass transistor through it, by including an extensive range of working
temperature.
 Thus the integrated circuit capable to withstand for long to use like linear otherwise switching kind
regulator. However, this integrated circuit is particularly designed for series regulator function
 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS

1. What is the primary function of the LM723 voltage regulator?

(a) A. Digital signal processing

(b) B. Voltage amplification
(c) C. Voltage regulation
(d) D. Audio signal modulation

2. Which component is typically used to adjust the output voltage in an LM723 voltage regulator circuit?

(a) A. Inductor
(b) B. Resistor
(c) C. Capacitor
(d) D. Transistor
 TERMINAL QUESTIONS

 In an LM723-based voltage regulator circuit, what is the purpose of the "Comp" terminal?

 What does the "Vin" terminal of the LM723 voltage regulator connect to?

 Which terminal of the LM723 is used to set the maximum output voltage?

 What is the purpose of the "Vadj" terminal on the LM723 voltage regulator?

 Which terminal of the LM723 is connected to the reference voltage for setting the output voltage?
 REFERENCES FOR FURTHER LEARNING OF THE
SESSION

Reference Books:
1. 1.John Bird. Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology, Routledge publishers, 6th edition,
2. Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory 12th Edition - Robert L. Boylestad

Sites and Web links:

1. https://circuitdigest.com/electronic-circuits/lm723-voltage-regulator-circuit-diagram
2. https://www.circuits-diy.com/lm723-adjustable-voltage-regulator-30v-circuit/
THANK YOU

Team – BEEC