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Portal Venous Systems Overview

The document discusses different types of portal systems in the body, including the hepatic portal system, hypophyseal portal system, and renal portal system. The hepatic portal system transports blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver before returning to the heart. The hypophyseal portal system transports hormones between the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland. The renal portal system supplies blood to renal tubules when glomerular filtration is downregulated.

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173 views11 pages

Portal Venous Systems Overview

The document discusses different types of portal systems in the body, including the hepatic portal system, hypophyseal portal system, and renal portal system. The hepatic portal system transports blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver before returning to the heart. The hypophyseal portal system transports hormones between the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland. The renal portal system supplies blood to renal tubules when glomerular filtration is downregulated.

Uploaded by

litziya7894
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Portal system

Portal system
A portal system is a system in which the veins start and
end in capillaries.
 It delivers nutrient-rich blood to the liver for purification
before it is carried to the heart.
Defination
 A vascular arrangement in which blood from the
capillaries of one organ is transported to the
capillaries of another organ by a connecting vein
or veins.
Example of portal system
 Most portal circulations consist of two serial capillary
beds connected by one or more larger vessels.
 We have called these 'convergent' portal circulations:
examples are hepatic portal, placental, hypophysial,
renal, ovarian and testicular circulations, as are parts of
the lymphatic circulation
Types of venous portal
system
 There are three portal venous systems – the
hepatic portal system, the hypophyseal portal
system, and the renal portal system.
Hepatic portal system
 The hepatic portal system is a complex system of hepatic
portal veins and their capillaries. It is also known as the
portal venous system.
 The hepatic portal system is a crucial part of the
circulatory system.
 However, there are other systems of veins in the body
that are referred to as the portal venous system.
 The hepatic portal vein is the largest vein in the
abdominal cavity.
 The veins that make up the hepatic portal system are:
 Hepatic Portal Vein
 Splenic Vein
 Superior Mesenteric Vein
 Inferior Mesenteric Vein
Significance
 The hepatic portal vein carries 75% of the hepatic blood flow and hence
is crucial. It is not a true vein as it does not conduct blood directly to
the heart.
 It supplies veins with metabolic substrates.
 It also ensures that the liver is the first organ to absorb nutrients after
the intestines.
Hypophyseal portal system
 The hypophyseal portal system is a system of blood vessels in the
microcirculation at the base of the brain, connecting the
hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary.
 Its main function is to quickly transport and exchange hormones
between the hypothalamus arcuate nucleus and anterior pituitary
gland.
 The capillaries in the portal system are fenestrated (have many
small channels with high vascular permeability) which allows a
rapid exchange between the hypothalamus and the pituitary.
 The main hormones transported by the system include
gonadotropin-releasing hormone, corticotropin-releasing
hormone, growth hormone–releasing hormone, and thyrotropin-
releasing hormone.
Renal portal system
 A renal portal system is a portal venous
system.
 It supplies blood to renal tubules when

glomerular filtration is down regulated or not


present.
 Renal portal system is found in all vertebrates

except mammals, hagfish and lampreys.


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