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18 views

mmt-001 17 10

Uploaded by

jksvsgla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Date 17/10/23

While.. Loop 17/10/2023


• It is better if number of iteration is not known by the user.
• Syntax:-
while(condition)
{code to be executed
}
To print even numbers between 1 to 100.
• #include <stdio.h>
• int main()
• { int i=2;
• while(i<=100)
• printf("%d ",i+=2); }
• return 0;
•}
• Output: 2 4 6 8………………100
do-while
• It is better if you have to execute the code at least once.
• Syntax:-
do
{code to be executed}
while(condition);
To print even numbers between 1 to 100.
• #include <stdio.h>
• int main()
• { int i=2;
• do
• {printf("%d ",i+=2); }
• while(i<=100);
• return 0;
•}
• Output: 2 4 6 8………………100
Draw a flowchart To print 1-100(while….loop)

i=1

False
Is i<=0
True
Print i

i++

stop
Draw a flowchart To print 1-100(do..…loop)

i=1

Print i

i++

True
Is i<=100

False

stop
H.W.
• To print multiplication table of n number.
• To find sum of 1to 100.
• To find sum of 1 to n.
• To find sum of m to n.
• Difference between while and do..while loop.
switch- case

• Syntax:
switch(expression)
{
case value1:code to be executed; break; optional
case value2:code to be executed; break;optional
default :code to be executed if all cases are not matched;
}
Array
• An array is collection of similar type of data items stored at
contiguous memory locations.
• An array is a derived data type.
• An array is used to represent a list of numbers , or a list of names.
How to declare it.
datatype arrayvariable[size];
Example:
int ar[10];
Array
Representation of an array

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 index
3 5 4 5 6 8 9 2 4 6
ar[0]

• How to access element of an array.


You can use array subscript (or index) to access any element stored in array.
Subscript starts with 0, which means arr[0] represents the first element in the array
arr.
Types of array
• 1. One-dimensional arrays
• 2. Multidimensional arrays –two dimensional, three dimensional…….
How to declare 1D array
datatype arrayvariable[size];
Example:
-An array of integer declared as :
int arr[];

-An array of float declared as:


float arr[];

-An array of char declared as:


char arr [];
How to initialize value in an array
• Example:
int arr[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
float arr[5]={1.1,2.1,3.0,4.1,5.2 };

char arr[8]={‘c’, ’o’, ‘m’, ‘p’, ‘u’, ‘t’, ’e’, ‘r’ };


Write a program in C to store ten elements in one dimensional array and display them .
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int ar[10],i;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
printf(“Enter number ”);
scanf(“%d”,&ar[i]);
}
/*display elements of arrary*/
for(i=0;i<10;i++) printf(“%d “,ar[i]);
getch();
}
Output
Enter number 5
Enter number 10
Enter number 15
Enter number 20
Enter number 25
Enter number 30
Enter number 35
Enter number 40
Enter number 45
Enter number 50
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Two dimensional array
How to declare it.
datatype arrayvariable[size][size];
Example:
int ar[3][3];
Write a program in C to store 9(3X3) elements in two dimensional
array and display them.
Answer
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int ar[3][3],r,c;
/* to store 9 elements in 2D Array*/
for(r=0;r<3;r++)
for(c=0;c<3;c++)
{
printf(“Enter number ”);
scanf(“%d”,&ar[r][c]);
}
/*display elements of arrary*/
for(r=0;r<3;r++)
{
for(c=0;c<3;c++)
printf(“%d “,ar[r][c]);
printf(“\n”);
}
getch();
}
Output
Enter number 5
Enter number 10
Enter number 15
Enter number 20
Enter number 25
Enter number 30
Enter number 35
Enter number 40
Enter number 45
Numbers are
5 10 15
20 25 30
35 40 45
String
• The string can be defined as the one-dimensional array of characters
terminated by a null ('\0’).
• The character array or the string is used to manipulate text such as word
or sentences.
• Each character in the array occupies one byte of memory.
• When we define a string as char s[10], the character s[10] is implicitly
initialized with the null in the memory.
• There are two ways to declare a string in c language.
-By char array char str[20];
-By string literal char str[9]=“computer”;
…..
• A single character is defined using single quote representation.
char a=‘y’;
• A string is represented using double quote marks.
Char c[]=“computer”
How to represent in memory
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
c o m p u t e r \0
To enter name and age of user and print it.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ char name[10]; int age;
printf("Enter your first name and age: \n");
scanf("%s %d", name, &age);
printf("You entered: %s %d",name,age);
return 0;
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{ char name[10]; int age;
printf("Enter your first name and age: \n");
scanf("%s %d", name, &age);
printf(" entered: %s %d",name,age);
getch();
}
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ char name[15];
printf(“ënter name”);
gets(name); /*reads a string*/
puts(name); /*displays a string*/
return 0;}
• In order to read a string contains spaces, we use the gets() function.
Gets ignores the whitespaces. It stops reading when a newline is
reached .
• The puts function prints the string on an output device and moves the
cursor back to the first position.

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