A PRESENTATION

on

Experimental learning program ( ELP)

submitted to
Sri dev Suman uttarakhand University , badshahi , haul,tehri
garhwal , University

Submitted by :
Ankit Kumar Ranjan
Roll number : 236209140015
8th semester ( 2020-2024)
Under the supervision of Ms. Shivani Sharma ( Assistant professor)
Department of agriculture , Tula's institute, Dehradun
Content

 Part 1: ELP introduction and benefits

 Part 2: mushroom cultivation
a) oyster mushroom
b) Button mushroom
 Part 3 : vermicompost
Introduction of ELP

 ELP stands for Experimental Learning Program.

 ELP is an innovative education approach that emphasizes hands on

experimental learning program rather than traditional classroom based
instruction.

 Though this students activity engage in real world experience, experiments &
project work.
Objective:-

 To promote employment opportunities.

 Entrepreneurship development skills.

 To earn through value addition technologies.

MUSHROOM Cultivation
 Introduction:-
 Mushroom is the fleshy, spore bearing fruiting body of a fungus,it is a
macrofungus.
 White button mushroom:-Agaricus bisporus
 Oyster mushroom:-Pleurotus ostreatus
 It has two part cap like structure is Known as Pileus attached with the thread
like structure Mycelia.
Nutritional Benefits:-

Mushrooms are becoming popular not only for their flavour &
tastes & also for their nutritive value . Mushroom are rich in
protein , fiber , vitamins and minerals . Moderate
carbohydrates &less lipid mushroom is considered to be a
complete , healthy & low calorie food.
Types of mushroom
 Oyster mushroom (PLEUTROUS OSTREATUS)

 Button mushroom (AGARICUS BISPORUS)

Oyster mushroom:

Introduction
*Oyster mushroom is scientifically known as PLEUTROUS.
*In India it is commonly known as “Dhingri”.
*excellent nutritional value.
*Oyster mushroom is good source of dairy protein food.
*First cultivation of oyster mushroom by using tree stump &wood
Scientific Classification:-

 Scientific name:-PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS

 Kingdom:- Fungi
 Genus:-PLEUTROTUS
 Species:-OSTREATUS
 Family:-Pleurateceae
Cultivation of Oyster Mushroom:-

Step 1:-Materials
*Straw
*Containers
*Plastic bags
*Elastic bands, strings
*Drum
*Gas burner
*Agrowing area that can retain moisture in air.
*Mushroom spawn
Step 2:-Selection of straw
Mainly wheat straw is used for the cultivation of oyster
mushroom.
Wheat straw contain good balance of Carbon &
Nitrogen ( Nitrogen is very essential for growth of fungus)
The wheat straw should be 4-6 months older & in a dry
form.

Step 3:-Sterilization of straw

It can be done by two ways :- 1) Organic method
2) Inorganic method
Organic method:-
# Boil in water for 25-20mins .
# After boiling drain the excess water.
# Dry under the shade.
# Maintain moisture content upto65-70%.

Inorganic method:-
#Sterilization of wheat straw by using formalin & bavistin.
# For 10-15 kg wheat straw take 150 L of normal water,150m of
formalin & 4 to 5 g of bavistin in a drum & leave it for 20-24 hours.
#After that frains the excess water from straw, dry it under the
shade.
# Maintain moisture upto 65-70%.
Step4:- Bagging
For bagging mostly 5.1 micron polythene bags are used.
Step5:-Spawning
Broadcasting/ mixed method
Layering method
Step6:-Mouth of bags tied with rubber band .
Step7:-Hole in the bahs for exchange of gases.
Step8:-Kept the bags in mushroom Hut at temperature 20-
25°C & in dark room .
Step9:-Harvesting and yield
After 65-75 days it is ready for 1st harvesting
It gives 30-40% yield.
Button mushroom:-

 White button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus tiny tumbnail sized

mushroom with smooth rounded caps & short stem.
 Belong to Kingdom fungi.
 They are fruiting bodies of micro fungi .
 This mushroom requires comparatively a cooler climate.
 In Tamil Nadu it is cultivated successfully in hilly tracts.
 Spawn run :- 22-28°C
 Fruit body formation:-15-18°c
 Relative humidity:- 85-95 percentage .
Botanical classification:-

Botanical name :- Agaricus bisporus

Kingdom :- Fungi
Genus :- Agaricus
Species:-Bisporus
Family:- Agaricaceae
Nutritional value:-

 Mushroom have 90% water and virtually Calories free.

 They are also rich in
1) Potassium
2)Selenium
3) Protein
4) And have cancer preventing antioxidant.
Vermicomposting
Introduction of Vermicompost

 Vermicompost is a nutrient-rich organic fertilizer and soil

conditioner produced through the process of vermicomposting. It
is the result of the breakdown of organic materials by composting
worms, such as Eisenia fetida and Eisenia andrei, along with
microorganisms present in their digestive tracts.
• Vermicomposting is a type of composting in which earthworms
are used to convert organic waste materials into a high-quality
compost known as vermicompost.
• In this process, composting worms consume organic matter, such
as kitchen scraps, garden waste, and paper products, breaking
them down into simpler compounds through digestion.
• As the organic matter passes through the worms' digestive
systems, it undergoes biochemical transformations, resulting in
the production of vermicompost.
• The vermicompost is rich in essential plant nutrients, beneficial
microorganisms, and humus, making it an excellent soil
amendment and fertilizer for promoting plant growth and
improving soil
Process of vermicomposting

Setup:
•Get a container (like a plastic bin).
•Fill it with bedding material (shredded newspaper or cardboard).
2. Add Worms:
•Introduce composting worms (e.g., Eisenia fetida).
•They're hungry and ready to eat!
3. Feed:
•Offer kitchen scraps (fruit, veggie peels), coffee grounds, and tea
bags.
•Avoid meat, dairy, and oily foods
 . Digestion:
• Worms munch on the scraps.
• Microorganisms help break down the waste.
 5. Transformation:
• Waste turns into nutrient-rich vermicompost.
• It's like magic happening in your bin!
 6. Maintain:
• Keep the bin moist but not soggy.
• Give it a stir occasionally to aerate.
 7. Harvest:
• When the bin is full of compost, scoop it out.
• Your plants will love it!
Benefits of Vermicomposting
1.Waste Reduction:
• Vermicomposting diverts organic waste from landfills, reducing methane
emissions and environmental pollution.
2. Nutrient-Rich Soil:
• Vermicompost enriches soil with essential nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium) for healthy plant growth.
3. Improved Soil Structure:
 Vermicompost enhances soil structure, increasing water retention and aeration
for better plant root development. .
4.Organic Fertilizer:
• Vermicompost is a natural, organic fertilizer that releases nutrients slowly,
providing long-term benefits to plants.
Uses of Vermicomposting
 1.Soil Booster:
• Mix vermicompost into soil for healthier plants.
• It provides essential nutrients like a multivitamin for your garden.
 2. Plant Food:
• Feed vermicompost to your plants for strong, lush growth.
• It's like a nutritious meal for your green friends.
 3. Garden Gold:
• Spread vermicompost over your garden beds like gold dust.
• Your plants will thank you with bountiful harvests.
 4. Potting Mix:
• Blend vermicompost into potting soil for potted plants.
• It creates a cozy home for roots to thrive.
Conclusion
• Vermicomposting offers a sustainable solution to organic waste
management, turning kitchen scraps and garden debris into nutrient-rich
compost. By harnessing the power of composting worms and beneficial
microorganisms, vermicomposting transforms waste into a valuable
resource for soil health and plant growth . The benefits of
vermicomposting extend beyond the garden, contributing to
environmental conservation, sustainable agriculture, and healthier
ecosystems . Whether you're a seasoned gardener, a novice plant
enthusiast, or an eco-conscious individual, vermicomposting provides a
simple yet effective way to make a positive impact on the planet . Let's
join hands in embracing the magic of vermicomposting and nurturing
our environment for generations to come.
THANK YOU