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Lecture 1

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Jedidiah Juhombe
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18 views

Lecture 1

Oi

Uploaded by

Jedidiah Juhombe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OVERVIEW OF DATABASE

CONCEPTS
• Imagine you’re starting up an online book retail company. How will
customer orders be recorded? Will customers be able to search for products
by name or keywords? Will you be able to analyze sales information to track
profits, determine product success, and target marketing efforts to customers?
Analyzing thousands of orders could take days without using a database. A
database simplifies these tasks because it’s a storage structure that provides
mechanisms for recording, manipulating, and retrieving data.
A database management system (DBMS) is used to create and maintain the
structure of a database, and then to enter, manipulate, and retrieve the data it
stores. Creating an efficient database design is the key to using a database
effectively to support an organization’s business operations.
• While collecting customer information, a series of characters is identified for each item. A character is the basic
unit of data, and it can be a letter, number, or special symbol.
• A group of related characters (for example, the characters that make up a customer’s name) is called a field. A
field represents one attribute or characteristic (the name, for instance) of the customer. A collection of fields
about one customer (for example, name, address, city, state, and zip code) is called a record. A group of records
about the same type of entity (such as customers or inventory items) is stored in a file. A collection of
interrelated files—such as those relating to customers, their purchases, and their payments—is stored in a
database. These terms relate to the logical database design, but they are often used interchangeably with the
terminology for the physical database design. When creating the physical database, a field is commonly
referred to as a column, a record is called a row, and a file is known as a table. A table is quite similar to a
spreadsheet, in that it contains columns and rows.
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
As mentioned earlier, a database is housed in a DBMS, which provides the functionality
to create and work with a database. This functionality includes the following:
Data storage: Manage the physical structure of the database.
 Security: Control user access and privileges.
 Multiuser access: Manage concurrent data access.
 Backup: Enable recovery options for database failures.
Data access language: Provide a language that allows database access.
 Data integrity: Enable constraints or checks on data.
 Data dictionary: Maintain information about database structure
DATABASE DESIGN

• To determine the most appropriate structure of fields, records, and files in a


database, developers go through a design process. The design and
development of a system is accomplished through a process that’s formally
called the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and consists of the
following steps
1. Systems investigation: Understanding the problem
2. Systems analysis: Understanding the solution to the previously identified problem
3. Systems design: Defining the logical and physical components
4. Systems implementation: Creating the system
5. Systems integration and testing: Placing the system into operation for testing
6. Systems deployment: Placing the system into production
7. Systems maintenance and review: Evaluating the implemented system

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