SURGICAL AND STANDARD
HANDWASHING, WEARING
SURGICAL GLOVES AND
OPERATING ROOM MATERIALS
GLORIA NDAHBROS
SURGICAL AND STANDARD
HANDWASHING
• Handwashing is the act of cleaning one’s hand with soap and water to remove
viruses, bacteria and microorganisms. Drying of the washed hands is part of the
process as wet and moist hands are more easily re-contaminated.
• Hand hygiene forms the basis of antiseptic techniques aimed at reducing the
incidence of nosocomial and surgical site infections.
There are 3 types of handwashing
1. Social
2. Antiseptic decontamination
3. Surgical scrub technique
Social Handwashing
• This type of handwashing should be performed prior to eating, after
using the bathroom, and whenever someone is going to come into
physical contact with someone else. Social handwashing is performed
using warm water and antibacterial soap.
Antiseptic Handwashing/Handrubbing
• Antiseptic handwashing refers to washing hands with water and soap
or other detergents containing an antiseptic agent.
• Antiseptic handrubbing refers to the application of an antiseptic
handrub (usually an alcohol-based formulation) to the hands to
reduce or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
SURGICAL HANDWASHING
• Surgical handwashing is the most stringent type of handwashing
procedure with significant differences.
• A cleaning procedure that is used prior to sterile operations,
including surgical procedures.
• Immediately after finishing this handwashing procedure, surgical
gloves are usually donned to prevent microorganisms from returning
to the surface of the skin
SURGİCAL HANDWASHING
• During surgical handwashing, the hands and forearms are scrubbed
up to the forearm. Water is operated using sensors instead of physical
contact.
• Only sterile towels are used to clean the skin ensuring that medical
procedures are conducted properly and that the patient and medical
devices stay free of any cross contamination or cross infection.
PURPOSE OF SURGICAL
HANDWASHING
• Remove debris and transient microorganisms from the nails, hands,
and forearms.
• Reduce the resident microbial count to a minimum.
• Inhibit rapid rebound growth of microorganisms.
SURGICAL SCRUB TECHNIQUE
• There are 2 methods of scrub procedure:
1. NUMBERED STROKE METHOD: This is a procedure in which a
certain number of brush strokes are designated for each finger,
palm, back of hand, and arm.
2. TIMED SCRUB METHOD: This is the time recommended for each
scrub to last (3-5 minutes) depending on facility protocol.
• Remove all jewelry
• Wash hands and arms with antimicrobial soap.
• Clean subungual areas with a nail file.
• Start timing. Scrub each side of each finger, between the fingers, and
the back and front of the hand for two minutes.
• Proceed to scrub the arms, keeping the hand higher than the arm at
all times. This prevents bacteria-laden soap and water from
contaminating the hand.
• Wash each side of the arm to three inches above the elbow for one
minute.
• Repeat the process on the other hand and arm, keeping hands above
elbows at all times. If the hand touches anything except the brush at
any time, the scrub must be lengthened by one minute for the area
that has been contaminated.
• Rinse hands and arms by passing them through the water in one
direction only, from fingertips to elbow. Do not move the arm back
and forth through the water.
• Proceed to the operating room suite holding hands above elbows
• If the hands and arms are grossly soiled, the scrub time should be
lengthened. However, vigorous scrubbing that causes the skin to
become abraded should be avoided.
• At all times during the scrub procedure care should be taken not to
splash water onto surgical attire.
• Once in the operating room suite, hands and arms should be dried
using a sterile towel and aseptic technique.
WEARING SURGICAL GLOVES AND
OPERATING ROOM MATERIALS
• GLOVING TECHNIQUE
• First, prepare a clean work area
• Open the outer packaging (The gloves will be inside another inner wrapper.)
• Wash your hands.
• Open the inner wrapper.
• Touching only the outside of the wrapper, put the wrapped sterile gloves on your clean,
dry work surface.
• Don’t put the wrapped gloves on the outer packaging.
• Touching only the edges, open the inner wrapper so that you can see both gloves.
• Take the hand you write with and grasp the glove for your other hand at the folded edge of the
cuff.
• Pick up the glove by the folded edge.
• Put your hand inside the glove. Keep your hand flat and your thumb tucked in.
• Pull the glove on.
• Be careful not to touch the outside of the glove. Touch only the part of the glove that will be next
to your skin.
• Leave the cuff on the glove folded.
• Now, slip the fingers of your gloved hand into the folded cuff of the other glove.
• Lift up the second glove.
• Put the glove over your fingers. The hand that you are putting the glove on should stay flat.
Keep the gloved thumb up and back to keep from touching your bare palm or wrist.
• Pull the glove over your hand.
• Adjust each glove to get a snug fit. Adjust the fingers after both hands are gloved.
• Reach under the cuffed part to pull up or adjust.
• Keep your hands in front of you and above your waist. Don’t touch anything
outside the sterile field.
• If you break sterile procedure, remove the gloves, get a new package, and start
again.
• When you finish the procedure, dispose of the gloves and the other materials you
used as instructed by your healthcare provider.
OPERATING ROOM MATERIALS
• Operating rooms are designed for surgeons and surgical staff to perform surgical
procedures that require time, patience, focus, and safety. Various pieces of
equipment are required for use in the operating room.
Cardiac monitor
Anaesthesia machine Suction machine Surgical light
Autoclave machine Endoscopy
Defibrillator Pulse oximeter
THANK YOU
