Computer Application in Management
STID 1103
Chapter 3
Global Internet
The Internet
Internet Addressing and Architecture
Internet Services and Communication Tools
The World Wide Web
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Learning Objectives
1. Explain how Internet works.
2. Identify the types of Internet connection.
3. Give example of Internet service provider.
4. Explain the IP address and the usage of domain name.
5. List the services and applications available on Internet.
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Overview: Corporate Network
Infrastructure
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What is the Internet?
• The Internet
– World’s most extensive network
– Internet service providers (I SP s)
Provide connections
Types of Internet connections
– Dial-up: 56.6 Kbp s
– Digital subscriber line (DS L/F I O S): 385 Kbp s –
40 M bp s
– Cable Internet connections: 1–50 M bp s
– Satellite
– T1/T3 lines: 1.54–45 M bp s
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Internet Addressing and Architecture
• Each device on Internet assigned Internet Protocol (I P)
address
• 32-bit number, e.g. 207.46.250.119
• The Domain Name System (DN S)
– Converts I P addresses to domain names
– Hierarchical structure
– Top-level domains
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The Domain Name System
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Internet Architecture and Governance
• Network service providers
– Own trunk lines (high-speed backbone networks)
• Regional telephone and cable T V companies
– Provide regional and local access
• Professional organizations and government bodies
establish Internet standards
– IA B
– I CAN N
– W3 C
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Internet Network Architecture
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The Future Internet: I P v 6 and
Internet 2
• I Pv 6
– New addressing scheme for I P numbers
– Will provide more than a quadrillion new addresses
– Not compatible with current I Pv 5 addressing
• Internet2
– Advanced networking consortium
Universities, businesses, government agencies,
other institutions
– Developed high-capacity 100 G bp s testing network
– Testing leading-edge new technologies for Internet
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Internet Services and Communication
Tools (1 of 2)
• Internet services
– E-mail
– Chatting and instant messaging
– Newsgroups
– Telnet
– File Transfer Protocol (FT P)
– World Wide Web
• Voice over I P (VoI P)
– Digital voice communication using I P, packet switching
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Internet Services and Communication
Tools
• Internet services
– E-mail
– Chatting and instant
messaging
– Newsgroups
– Telnet
• Unified communications
– File Transfer Protocol (FT P)
– Communications systems
– World Wide Web that integrate voice, data,
• Voice over IP (VoI P) e-mail, conferencing
– Digital voice communication • Virtual private network (VP N)
using I P, packet switching – Secure, encrypted, private
network run over Internet
– PPearson
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How Voice over IP Works
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The Web
• Hypertext
– Hypertext Markup Language (HTM L)
– Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTT P):
– Uniform resource locator (UR L):
http://www.megacorp.com/content/features/082602.
html
• Web servers
Software for locating and managing web pages
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Searching for Information on the Web
• Mobile search
• Semantic search
• Social search
• Visual search
• Intelligent agent shopping bots
• Search engine marketing
• Search engine optimization (SE O)
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How Google Works
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The Future Web
• More tools to make sense of trillions of pages on the
Internet
• Pervasive web
• Internet of Things (I o T)
• Internet of People
• App Internet
• Increased cloud computing and Saa S
• Ubiquitous mobile connectivity
• Greater seamlessness of web as a whole
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Cellular Systems
• Competing standards
– CDM A : United States • Fourth-generation (4G)
only networks
– G S M : Rest of world, A – Up to 100 Mbps
T&T, T-Mobile
– Suitable for Internet
• Third-generation (3G) video
networks – LT E and Wi Max
– 144 Kbp s
• 5G Networks
– Suitable for e-mail
– Gigabit capacity
access, web browsing
– Currently under
development and early
test deployments
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Wireless Computer Networks and
Internet Access
• Bluetooth (802.15) connecting wireless devices to a
– Links up to 8 devices in 10-m area
eter
wired L A N
using low-power, radio-based – Hotspots: one or more access
communication points in public place to provide
– Useful for personal networking (P A maximum wireless coverage for a
N s) specific area
– Weak security features
• Wi-Fi (802.11)
– Set of standards: 802.11 • Wi Max (802.16)
– Used for wireless L A N and – Wireless access range of 31 miles
wireless Internet access – Require WiMax antennas
– Use access points: device with
radio receiver/transmitter for
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Radio Frequency Identification (R F I
D)
• Use tiny tags with microchips containing data about an
item and location. Tag antennas to transmit radio signals
over short distances to special RFI D readers. Common
uses:
– Automated toll-collection
– Tracking goods in a supply chain
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN s)
• Used to monitor building security, detect hazardous
substances in air, monitor environmental changes, traffic,
or military activity
• Major sources of “Big Data” and fueling “Internet of Things”
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How R F I D Works
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