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Motherboard Components and Their Functions

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26 views

Motherboard Components and Their Functions

Uploaded by

zenqdumbasf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MOTHERBOARD

COMPONENTS AND THEIR


FUNCTIONS
MOTHERBOARD
A motherboard is the central
printed circuit board (PCB)
within a computer that serves as
the primary hub for connecting
all essential hardware
components. It provides the
physical and electrical
connections for the CPU, RAM,
storage devices, and various
expansion cards like graphics
and network adapters. The
motherboard also typically
houses the BIOS/UEFI
firmware, which initializes the
CONNECTING REAR PANEL I/O DEVICES

CONNECTORS AND
PORTS FOR
CONNECTING THE
COMPUTER TO
EXTERNAL DEVICES
SUCH AS DISPLAY
PORTS, AUDIO PORTS,
USB PORTS,
ETHERNET PORTS,
PS/2 PORTS ETC.
PCI SLOTS PCI : ( PERIPHERAL COMPONENT
INTERCONNECT)

SLOTS FOR
OLDER
EXPANSION
CARDS SUCH
AS SOUND
CARDS,
NETWORK
CARDS,
CONNECTOR
PCI EXPRESS x1 SLOTS
SLOTS FOR
MODERN
EXPANSION CARDS
SUCH AS SOUND
CARDS, NETWORK
CARDS, (WI-FI,
ETHERNET,
BLUETHOOTH),
CONNECTOR CARDS
( USB, FIRE WIRE,
ESATA), AND
CERTAIN LOW-END
PCI EXPRESS X16 SLOT

SLOT FOR
DISCRETE
GRAPHIC CARDS
AND HIGH
BANDWIDTH
DEVICES SUCH
AS TOP-END
SOLID-STATE
DRIVES.
NORTHBRIDGE
Also known as memory controller hub (MCH)
CHIPSET THAT
ALLOWS THE CPU TO
COMMUNICATE WITH
THE RAM AND
GRAPHICS CARD.
BEGINNING FROM
INTEL SANDY BRIDGE
IN 2011, THIS
MOTHERBOARD
COMPONENT IS NO
LONGER PRESENT AS
IT HAS BEEN
INTEGRATED WITHIN
CPU (Central Processing Unit) SOCKET
A CPU socket is a slot on a
computer motherboard where
the central processing unit
(CPU) is installed. It provides
a physical and electrical
connection between the CPU
and the motherboard, allowing
the CPU to communicate with
other components. Different
CPUs require specific socket
types, so compatibility is
essential when building or
upgrading a computer.
ATX 12V Power Connector

The ATX 12V power


connector is a critical
component on a computer's
motherboard, responsible for
supplying the CPU with the
necessary electrical power. It
typically features either a 4-
pin or 8-pin design, ensuring a
secure and stable connection.
This connector plays a pivotal
role in the overall
performance and stability of
the computer system.
FRONT PANEL USB 2.0 CONNECTORS
Front panel USB 2.0 connectors
are ports on the front of a
computer case for convenient
connection of USB devices,
offering data transfer speeds up
to 480 Mbps. They provide easy
access for quick use of
peripherals without reaching
around to the back of the
computer.
FRONT PANEL CONNECTORS
Front panel connectors
on a computer are like
the ports and buttons on
the front of your
computer case. They let
you plug in things like
USB devices,
headphones, and
microphones without
needing to reach around
to the back of the
computer.
IDE Connector
Old computer hardware
interface used to connect
storage devices like hard
drives and CD/DVD drives
to motherboards. Featured a
flat ribbon cable with 40 or
80 pins and has been largely
replaced by SATA connectors
for modern computers. No
longer commonly used in
recent computer systems.
CMOS Battery
The CMOS
(complementary metal
oxide semiconductor)
battery, also called coin-
cell battery on the
motherboard helps the
BIOS or UEFI to store the
hardware configuration
settings. It helps keep a
record of the date and
time when the computer
is switched off.
Southbridge
A chipset component on a computer
motherboard is responsible for
managing I/O functions and
peripheral connections. It controls
interfaces like USB, audio, and
SATA, facilitating communication
between the CPU, RAM, and
connected hardware. Modern
computer systems have evolved to
integrate many Southbridge functions
directly into the CPU or chipset,
reducing the need for a separate
Southbridge chip.
SATA Connectors

SATA Cables and Speeds


Compared | Eaton
SATA (also referred to as Serial
ATA) stands for Serial Advanced
Technology Attachment, an
industry-standard bus interface
for connecting a computer's host
bus adapter to storage devices
such as hard disk drives (HDD),
optical drives and solid-state
drives (SSD).
Fan Header
A fan header, or a fan
connector, is a physical
component on a computer
motherboard designed to
connect and control
cooling fans. It is typically
a small, rectangular
connector with multiple
pins or sockets that allow
the fan to be powered and
controlled by the
motherboard.
RAM Slots
A memory slot is
responsible for
temporarily storing data
in a computer's RAM
(Random Access
Memory), a type of
volatile memory that
allows the system to
access data quickly. The
computer uses the RAM
to store data currently
used by the system and
applications.
mSATA Connector
mSATA Connector:
Small, slim connector for
linking mSATA solid-
state drives (SSDs) to
motherboards or
controllers. Often found
in laptops and portable
devices due to its compact
design. Ideal for systems
with limited space.
Power & Reset Button
Physical buttons on a
computer case for
controlling the system's
power state. The power
button turns the computer
on and off, while the reset
button restarts the system
in case of issues. These
buttons are vital for basic
control and
troubleshooting of
desktop and some laptop
computers.
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