THEORY X AND THEORY Y
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE THEORY
P H I L O S O P H I CA L I S S U E S A N D E T H I C A L S TA N D A R D I N
P U B L I C S E RV I CE MANAGEMENT GS70-PHILO 202 (2 N D LARA PHIL C. ILOGON
SEMESTER 2019-2020) MPSM-1
THEORY X AND THEORY Y
Douglas McGregor wrote about
Theory X and Theory Y In the
late 1950s and early 1960s.
McGregor's Theory X & Y
describe divergent managerial
beliefs about what motivated
employees and has had a
profound influence on fields like
Management, Organizational
Communication, and
Organizational Studies in
General.
DOUGLAS MCGREGOR
MANAGEMENT PROFESSOR AT MIT
ADVOCATE FOR THE HUMAN RELATIONS
APPROACH
INTERESTED IN WHAT MOTIVATES PEOPLE TO
WORK HARD
IDEAS GAINED MOMENTUM IN THE 1960s
THEORY X AND THEORY Y
OUR
OUR
BELIEF BEHAVIO
S R
THEORY X
oMost employees dislike work & will avoid it as much
as possible.
oManagers need to control, threaten punishment, and
force workers to do their job.
oMost employees prefer to be directed, avoids
responsibility, and have low ambition.
oEmployees are motivated by fear and money.
THEORY Y
Employees like to work.
People enjoy working towards goals.
Commitment to goals increases based on perceived reward for
achieving them.
Most employee seek responsibility.
Employees imagination , creativity and cleverness can be used to solve
problem.
The average person’s intellectual potential is only partially realized.
Employees are motivated by a variety of rewards.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
THEORY
Management Science Theory gives a quantitative basis
for decision making. It specially deals with the
development of mathematical models to aid in decision
making and problem solving. This theory holds that
managing is a logical and rationale process, so it can be
expressed in terms of mathematical models.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
THEORY
It is also describe as an approach to
management that uses rigorous
quantitative techniques to maximize the
use of organizational resources.
THESE THEORIES HAS MANY
BRANCHES: EACH OF THEM DEALS
WITH A SPECIFIC SET OF CONCERN
QUANTITATIVE MANAGEMENT
oUtilizes linear programming, modeling, simulation system
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
oTechniques to analyze all aspects of the production system
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM)
oFocuses on improving quality throughout an organization
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
oProvides information about the organization
ALL THESE SUBFIELDS OF THIS
PROVIDE TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
THAT MANAGERS CAN USE TO HELP
IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF THEIR
DECISION MAKING AND INCREASE
EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS.
THANK YOU.
