REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
STUDIES
GST 104
Outline
• Exercise and Health
• Stress and Stress Managemet
• Rational and irrational use of drugs
• Self-Medication
• Nutritional values of food
• Age and Nutrition.
Exercise and Health
• What is Exercise: is the physical activity design to improve physical or sometime
mental, strength and fitness of an individual.
• There different types of exercise.
Aerobic or Cardiovascular Exercise: this helps the heart to pump oxygenated
blood to the working muscles which can be low-impact aerobic and high-impact
aerobic exercise.
Strength training: this type of exercise is where resistance is used to bring about
a muscular contraction which in turn build strength.
Stretching Exercise: is a form of exercise where one applies tensile force to
lengthen the muscle or tendon in order to improve the muscles elasticity.
• What is Health: According to WHO, health is the state of complete physical, mental
and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
• Health can be divided into two:
Physical Health: is a healthy body due to regular physical activity ( exercise),
good nutrition and adequate rest.
Structural Health
Chemical Health
Mental Health: this refers to the state of well being in which the individual
realizes his or her own abilities and can cope with normal responsibilities.
Health Benefit of Regular Exercise
Exercise control weight
It combats health condition and diseases i.e stroke, depression,arthritis
Exercise improves mood
Exercise boosts energy
Exercise promotes better sleep
Exercise can be fun
Exercise put the spark back into your sex life
Stress and Stress Management
Stress: is the response you have when facing circumstances that force you to act, change
or adjust in some ways to maintain your footing, or keep things balanced.
The circumstances or causes of stress are known as Stressors.
whatever is the stressor it can be managed with the following Stress Management Basics
• Quick stress relief
• Address the situation
• Long- term stress management ( Have a game night, Be in the now and Maintain a
sense of humour)
Stress Management
Individuals perceive and react to stress differently but to manage stress effectly the
source(s) must be identify
To identify the true source(s) of stress we must look closely to three thing which are;
• Habits, Attitude and Excuses
Until you accept responsibility for role played in creating or maintaining stress, the
level of stress will remain out of control.
Dealing effectly with stressful situatons; Four A’s are needed.
Avoid stressor
Alter the stressor
Adapt to the stressor
Accept the stressor
Rational/ Irrational Use of Drugs
According to WHO; Rational use of drugs is when a patient recieve medications
appropriate to their clinical needs for a specific period of time.
Irrational drug usage is indicated when the use of drug is not necessary ( No drug
therapy indicated) i.e use of wrong drug, use of drugs with unproven efficacy, use of
wrong dosage and incorrect duration of usage and use of unnecessary expensive drugs.
Factors affecting rational or irrational drug usage includes
• Prescriber, dispenser and the patient
• Workplace ( access to drugs)
• Drug supply system
• Legal and regulatory framework.
Self Medication
Self medication: is the selection and use of medicines by individuals to treat self-
recognized or self diagnosed conditions or symptoms.
Common drugs used for self medications are analgesics, antipyretics cough
preparations, antibiotics, antiallergics and antacids
Responsible self medication: is the self usage of a specifically designed, approved and
available drug for an ailment without prescription.
Pros and Cons of Self Medication
• Time saving, convenient, economical, useful for mild illness
• Reduce the pressure on medical services where health personnel are insufficient.
Cons
Incorrect manner of administration, dangerous drug interactions
Incorrect choice of therapy and presence of severe adverse reaction.
Nutritional Value of Food
Nutritional value of food: is the amount of nutrient one can get from eating a
particular type or group of food.
• Some foods are grouped together because they contain many of the same nutrients
such as: meat and fish, seeds and beans. all these foods are protien foods and have
the same nutrients.
• There are five basic food groups that you can incorporate into your diets. (i) Meat (ii)
vegetables (iii) fruit (iv) fish and beans and (v) milk including yoghurt and cheese.
Each food group provides certain nutrient, so foods from each group should be
consumed every day.
• Fruits and Vegetable provides vitamins (A and C) Minerals and Carbonhydrates
• Meat, Fish and Beans contain protien vitamin B and Mineral
• Milk is good source of calcium, vitamin A and D
Age and Nutrition.
• Physiological changes occur slowly over time in all body systems. these changes are
influenced by life events, illness, genetic traits and socioeconomic factors.
• Changes includes decline in sight and vision, hearing, smell and taste,loss of teeth.
The losses are niether total nor rapid but they do affect nutritional intake and health
status.
Specific Nutrient Needs For The Aged
Vitamins and Minerals such as vitamin A, B, C and E.
Iron, Calcium and Water
With age, it becomes more important that diets contain enough
calcium,fibre,iron,protein and vitamin A,C,D . Enjoy smaller portion of foods high in
fat, Sugar and Sodium. plan meal is always advisable to balance every food group to
avoid deficiency of some nutrient.
THANK YOU
GRACIAS
