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CAPACITOR
Topi EDUCATOR
BASIC ELECTRICITY
c
YEAR 10 Week 2 Term 2, 2023
SUBJEC CLAS Week, Term &
T S Year
Learning Objectives
1. State the meaning of capacitor
2. State the types of capacitors
3. State the concept of series and parallel arrangements of capacitor
4. Solve simple calculations
Topic: CAPACITOR
Guiding Learning Answers to Guiding
Questions Learning Question.
How do we The
determine capacitance
the Place Picture/Diagram of a
capacitor is
capacitanc Video here determine by
e of a the ratio of
capacitor? the quantity
of charge to
voltage.
CAPACITOR Class: Yr 10
Digital
Platforms/Sources
Website … url address below Description of target concept to search for.
YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=X4EUwTwZ110&t=350s
CAPACITOR
Google
https://www.electronics-
tutorials.ws/capacitor/cap_1.html CAPACITOR
Google Copy the website address here
Classroom
Zoom Copy the website address here
School Copy the website address here
Britannica
CAPACITOR
A capacitor is defined as a This plates are arranged close Meaning of capacitance
piece of apparatus designed to to each other but not touching This is the ability of a capacitor
store electrical energy in form
of electric charge. It consists of and are separated by an to store electrical energy in the
insulating material which is form of charge.
two conducting surfaces known
as plates or electrodes. called the dielectric.
Point 1 Point 2 Point 3
Symbol and Unit Expression of capacitance Factors affecting the
The symbol of capacitance is capacitance of a capacitor
C=Q
─││─ 1. The area of the plates (the
V greater the area the greater the
The unit of measurement of capacitance)
capacitance is Farad (F)
Point 4 Point 5 Point 6
CAPACITOR
• 2. The spacing between the • Types of capacitors impregnated with wax or oil.
plates (the closer the spacing • Paper capacitor: The They are used in the power
the greater the capacitance) electrodes of the capacitor circuits of household
• 3. The nature of the dielectric. are made of layers of metal appliances.
foil interleaved with paper
Electrolytic capacitor: This paper saturated with a suitable
consists of two aluminium foils, electrolyte. They are used in
one with an oxide film and one household appliances for
without, the foils being smoothing d.c supply
interleaved with a material such
as
Point 1 Point 2 Point 3
CAPACITOR
Mica: This type consists either of Point 2 Polyester: Is relatively new as a
alternate layers of mica and dielectric when used in
metal foil clamped tightly capacitors. It is manufactured in
together. It is used in high- very thin films of thickness as
frequency circuits when it is little as 2µm and is metalized on
necessary to reduce to a one side.
minimum the loss in the
dielectric.
These capacitors can operate at • But ع = عo عr • D=Q
high voltages. • A
• C = عo عr A
• Further Equations
• d • w = CV2
• C = عA
• E=V • 2
• d
• d
Point 1 Point 2 Point 3
SERIES CIRCUIT
Concept of series circuit
1. 1/CT = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3
2. QT = Q1 = Q2 = Q3
3. VT = V1 + V2 + V3
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
Concept of parallel circuit
1. CT = C1 + C2 + C3
2. QT = Q1 + Q2 + Q3
3. VT = V1 = V2 = V3
Class Works/Questions
• Class work
• 1. Three capacitors of values 8µF, 12µF and 24µF are
connected to a supply of 200v. Calculate the total
capacitance.
• a) In series
• b, The charge on each capacitor
• c. The potential difference across each capacitor.
Class Works/Questions
• For series connection
• C1 = 8µF, C2 = 12µF, C3 = 24µF
• 1/CT = 1/8 + 1/12 + 1/24
• CT = 4µF
• Q = CV
• Q = 4x10-6x200
• Q = 8x10-4C
Class Works/Questions
• V1 = Q/C1
• V1 = 8x10-4/8x10-6 = 100v
• V2 = Q/C2
• V2 = 8x10-4/12x10-6 = 66.67v
• V3 = 8x10-4/24x10-6 = 33.33v
Learning Follow-up Assignment
• Assignment
• A series arrangement of three capacitors of value 8μF, 12μF
and 24μF is connected in series with a 90V battery. Calculate
• i) The effective capacitance in the circuit
• ii) The charge on each capacitor.
• iii) The potential difference across the 8μF
capacitors
Learning Follow-up Assignment
Three capacitors of values 8µF, 12µF and 24µF are 3. Two capacitor having capacitances of 10µF and 15µF
connected to a supply of 200v. Calculate the total respectively are connected in series across a 200v d.c.
capacitance. supply. Calculate
A) In series A) The charge on each capacitor
B) In parallel B) The potential difference across each capacitor
2. Three capacitors of 2µF, 3µF and 6µF respectively are in 4. A 9F capacitor is connected in series with two
series across a 500v d.c. supply. Calculate capacitor 4µF and 2µF respectively which are
A) The charge on each capacitor connected in parallel. Determine the
B) The potential difference across each capacitor. capacitance of the combination. If a p.d. Of
20v is maintained across the combination
determine the charge on the 9µF capacitor.
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ONLINE
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