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Lesson 7 - Critical-Reasoning

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54 views

Lesson 7 - Critical-Reasoning

Uploaded by

joanamariebagang15
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 47

Critical Reading as a

Form of Reasoning

Presented by: Ms. Joana


Motivational
Games
Background
Learning Objectives:
At the end of this module, you should be able to:
1. explain why critical reading is imperative to sound
reasoning;
2. respond to questions asked; and,
3. use critical thinking in accomplishing tasks.
To read critically, it is vital that one knows what
correct and incorrect reasoning is.
“Reasoning is the ability of your mind to think and
understand things in a logical way to form a
conclusion or judgment” (Padilla, Mely M., et al,
2017). According to Harris and Hodges (1981), ―it is
the process of making judgments in reading:
evaluating relevancy and adequacy of what is read.
This facilitates engagement with
what you read. To do this, it is
pivotal to ask the following
questions:
*What is the author trying to say?
*What is the main argument being
presented?
*Does the text use statements or evidences
that support its conclusions?
*Do the evidences include reasons that
justify your beliefs?
With all these questions answered, you get
to evaluate and assess the veracity/
truthfulness,
reliability, credibility of the statements,
hence arms you to make your own
standpoint about
the matter that is discussed.
Characteristics of
Critical Readers
Schumm and Post (1997)
enumerated the
characteristics of critical
readers:
1. Spend time reflecting on the
reading material
2. Evaluate and solve problems
rather than simply compiling
certain facts
3. Think logically
4. Seek out the truth
5. Eager to express their
thoughts
6. Look at alternative views
about a topic.
7. Open to new ideas
8. Base their judgments on
evidence
9. Recognize errors and
good arguments
10. Willing to take on
critical stance on issues
11. Ask pertinent questions
12. Willing to change their
ideas whenever new set of
information is introduced
13. See connections between
topics and use knowledge from
other disciplines to enhance
their experiences
Short Activity
Directions: Analyze the
statements below. In your
notebook, write whether the
statement is FACT or BLUFF.
1. Critical reading requires
distinguishing between facts or
opinions.

o Fact ȯ Bluff
2. It is a must that main
arguments be supported by
factual information.

o Fact ȯ Bluff
3. Always take the author’s own
statement as true.

o Fact ȯ Bluff
4. Academic reading needs
concentration and
comprehension.
o Fact ȯ Bluff
5. Questioning both the text and
our own reading of it is reading
critically.
o Fact ȯ Bluff
6. Critical reading means
criticizing the text.

o Fact ȯ Bluff
7. Opinions are not reliable
unless supported by giving
evidence and citing sources.
o Fact ȯ Bluff
Ways to become a Critical
Reader

1. Annotate what you read-


writing on the text
Ways to become a Critical
Reader

2. Outline the text- identify


the main points
Ways to become a Critical
Reader

3. Summarize the text- Get


the main gist or point of the
text read.
Ways to become a Critical
Reader

4. Evaluate the text- use the other 3 ways.


Question the purpose, intention, and
assumptions. Check if there are pieces of
evidence that are valid and credible.
Steps in Critical Reading
1. Before you read
Scan it and look for important information that will
give you an idea of its subject as
well as the arguments that it presents. Reading the
introductions and subheadings can provide insight
about the material at hand.
Steps in Critical Reading
2. While you read
Ensure interaction with the author by taking note of
important information or writing annotations on the
material. The annotations can be in the form of questions
that enter one’s mind on the arguments, ideas, or reasoning
of the writer. Highlight, mark or circle information or
details which are particularly striking, significant, or
unclear.
Steps in Critical Reading

3. After you read


Revisit the annotations placed on the
margins to get an over-all idea of the text
and
summarize the material to fully
understand its message.
Steps in Critical Reading
4. Responding the text
After all the steps, one can now start evaluating and
analyzing the arguments as well as the reasoning of
the author. He can now develop his own ideas or
even write an essay that expresses his opposition or
agreement to the author’s ideas.
Activity

Directions: Fill out the matrix


found below based on the
short selection.
Laughter is the Medicine
Laughter is one of the greatest healing devices known to
man. Laughter is powerful and can help people in many
different ways. It has the power to cure something as little
as a bad day or to heal the wounds of a terminally ill
person. Laughing has helped create the smile which is the
universal sign of well-being. Generally, individuals who
do not laugh live miserably and have unhappy lives.
Dr. Robert Holden found out that smiling and
laughing release endorphins in the brain which
give people an overall happy well-being. Using
comedy, many doctors have stimulated the
healing process in manic depressants and fatally
ill patients giving them hope and ambition.
In many clinics, laughter is being used in replacing
anti-depressants and reduces
the need for painkillers (Dr. Gael Crystal). Take
comedians for example, they usually live long and
happy lives. Putting a smile on faces and laughs in
souls is what makes life complete.
Laughter helps heal people and brightens spirits for a
better and healthier life.
Laughing is a sign of joy and hope and keeps people
normal and the world happy. Using the techniques of
laughter and happiness is the best medicine known to
man. Laughter is the universal sign of well-being and
happiness within health. Laughing brightens the spirit and
heals the mind and body of people who allow it to
overcome them. So try to smile and laugh to live a longer
and happier life with loved ones.
What does the writer
want you to believe?

What reason/supporting
evidence does the writer provide?
Do they seem credible?

Do you agree with


the author’s idea?

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