SPAIN

Interesting Facts about  World’s largest producer of Olive Oil.

Spain  Has more than 8000 Kilometers of beaches.
 The big part of the Spanish culture,
enjoying life.
 World’s most diverse cultures.
 Has 44 UNESCO World Heritage sites.
 Each person has two surnames.
 Still has a king
 There is no national law against public
nudity
 The national anthem of Spain has no words
The national anthem of Spain has no words?
Marcha Real
I. Crucial events in history
II. Political System
III. Human Rights situations
IV. Economic situation
V. Social and Cultural situation
VI. Issues
VII. Sollutions
 The 100 years war in Spain
1366-1389
The Hundred Years' War was an
intermittent struggle between
England and France in the 14th–
15th century. At the time, France
was the richest, largest, and
most populous kingdom of
western Europe, and England
was the best organized and most
closely integrated western
European state.

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 Ferdinand and Isabella Unite
Spain
1479–1516

Known as the Catholic Monarchs,

Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile
married in 1469; both came to power in 1479,
Isabella after a civil war. Although their role in
uniting Spain under one kingdom—they
incorporated Navarre and Granada into their
lands—has been downplayed recently, they
nonetheless united the kingdoms of Aragon,
Castile and several other regions under one
monarch.

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 What caused the Spanish Golden Age?

The Golden Age began with the partial

political unification of Spain about 1500. Its literature
is characterized by patriotic and religious fervour,
heightened realism, and a new interest in earlier epics
and ballads, together with the somewhat less-
pronounced influences of humanism and
Neoplatonism.

The empire was the means by which

Christianity first spread across the Atlantic. It also
brought enormous wealth to Spain when, after the
1530s, rich silver and gold mines were discovered
An era of social peace, great artistic endeavor and a
place as a world power at the heart of a world
empire

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 Crucial events in the history of Spain
xii. The "Golden Age" 16th and 17th Centuries
 i. Carthage Begins to Conquer Spain 241 BCE xiii. The Revolt of the Comuneros 1520–1521
 ii. Second Punic War in Spain 218–206 BCE xiv. Catalan and Portuguese Rebellion 1640–1652
xv. War of the Spanish Succession 1700–1714
 iii. Spain Fully Subdued 19 BCE xvi. Wars of the French Revolution 1793–1808
 iv. Germanic Peoples Conquer Spain 409–470 CE xvii. War against Napoleon 1808–1813
xviii. Independence of the Spanish Colonies c.
 v. Muslim Conquest of Spain Begins 711 1800–c.1850
xix. Riego Rebellion 1820
 vi. Apex of Umayyad Power 961–976
xx. First Carlist War 1833–1839
 vii. The Reconquista c. 900–c.1250 xxi. Government by “Pronunciamientos” 1834– 68
xxii. The Glorious Revolution 1868
 viii. Spain Dominated by Aragon and Castile c. 1250-1479
xxiii. First Republic and Restoration 1873–1874
 ix. The 100 Years War in Spain 1366–1389 xxiv. The Spanish-American War 1898
xxv. Rivera Dictatorship 1923–1930
 x. Ferdinand and Isabella Unite Spain 1479–1516 xxvi. Creation of the Second Republic 1931
 xi. Spain Starts to Build an Overseas Empire 1492 xxvii. The Spanish Civil War 1936–1839
xxviii. Franco's Dictatorship 1939–1975
RETURN TO
DEMOCRACY
 the democratization process kickstarted after the death of the dictator Francisco Franco,

in November 1975. Historians disagree on the exact date the transition was completed:

some say it ended after the 1977 general election, while others place it later, when the 1978

Constitution was approved.

The Spanish
government and
political system
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 Constitutional Monarchy

A constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of

state within the parameters of a written (i.e., codified), unwritten (i.e., uncodified) or blended
constitution. It differs from absolute monarchy in that an absolute monarch serves as the sole
source of political power in the state and is not legally bound by any constitution. Most
constitutional monarchies employ a parliamentary system in which the Monarch may have strictly
Ceremonial duties or may have Reserve Powers, depending on the constitution. They have a
directly or indirectly elected prime minister who is the head of government, and exercises effective
political power
a. Covid-19
b. Poverty and Unemployment
c. Violence Against Women
d. Migration and Asylum
e. Racism and Discrimination
f. Disability Rights
g. Right to Housing
h. Reproductive Rights
i. Freedom of Expression
j. Freedom of Assembly
Spain’s
Economy
https://www.heritage.org/index/country/spain
 The Spain of today is not the Spain of
yesterday. As in just about every country
around the World, changing times and
advanced technologies have brought changes
to the Spanish landscape and culture.
Business travelers and those traveling for
leisure should be aware of such changes in
any country they visit in order to more fully
immerse themselves into current cultures,
behaviors and expectations of individuals in
business and casual environments.
 LANGUAGE IN SPAIN
The official language in Spain is Spanish or Castilian Spanish.
At least 90% of the population speak Castilian Spanish as a first or second language. About 17% of
the population speak Catalan, 7% speak Galician and 2% speak Basque.
Spanish
Religion &
Beliefs
 The religion most practised
is Catholicism and this is
highlighted by important
popular festivals, such as
during Holy Week. Other
religions practised in Spain
are Islam, Judaism,
Protestantism and Hinduism,
which have their own places
of worship that you can find
on the Ministry of Justice
search engine.
Social Stratification:

>Historically, the royal family is at the top of

the social strata in Spain which is embodied by the titled
nobility and aristocracy. However, in the expansion of a
modern, democratic society, the boundaries between the
traditional upper classes have widened with social
standing measured by achievement in areas of business,
culture and public services.
>New wealth coupled with a burgeoning
middle class play a significant role in the stratification
of Spain. The old traditions relating to the nobility
clinging to power and having no involvement in manual
labour and commercial activity have long since passed
and many members of the nobility now work in middle-
class professions.
>The social stratification of Spain is now very
much based upon US/European concepts of class,
wealth and upward mobility.
 Gender Roles:

Traditionally, women in Spain were the

homemakers and men provided for the
family. However, in the last two decades,
women’s role in Spanish society has
changed dramatically and many more are
entering university education and moving
into professions which were formerly
dominated by men. Young, unmarried
women have become more independent
and are migrating to cities for education or
work.
Socialization:
Children in Spain are highly
prized and doted upon by parents and
extended family. They are raised to
have respect for their elders and to
observe family values and obedience
 Will global uncertainty impact on Spain’s economic growth?

ISSUES ACTIONS
 At the beginning of 2019 the
government’s forecast pointed an  Job Creation
optimistic growth of 2.2% in 2019 and
1.9% in 2020. But last month the
Organisation for Economic Co-
operation and Development (OECD)
noted that Spanish economy is slowing
down faster than expected and reduced
the forecast to 2% for this year and
1.6% for 2020.
 CHALLENGES OF DOING BUSINESS IN
SPAIN
ISSUES ACTION/S
 CULTURAL DIVERSITY
 INDIVIDUALISM
 FACE  Recognizing and adopting the
 UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE changes and existing activities
 RELATIONSHIP-BUILDING
 UNEMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY
ISSUES ACTIONS
 While unemployment can create poverty,  INCREASE THE ACCESS TO EDUCATION
poverty also reduces the chance of being
government focus
employed. In the past, Spain underwent an
on improving quality education and training all
economic crisis that put them in a horrible
young people so they remain in school.
position. The financial crisis happened in 2014
due to Spain’s GDP (Gross domestic product)
increasing by 0.6% and unemployment
dropping 23.7%
 DEALING WITH THE PANDEMIC
ISSUE ACTION

 Spain is one of the worst affected

eurozone countries by COVID-19. The
The effective implementation of
country went into the pandemic with
weak macroeconomic fundamentals recovery plan strengthens the part of
including an unemployment rate of COVID-19 recovery
14% (now higher). The tsunami of
funds from Next Generation EU is a
golden opportunity to make the
economy more sustainable and more
inclusive