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Classification of Research-Tutorial 2

researchers methods

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6 views

Classification of Research-Tutorial 2

researchers methods

Uploaded by

trevorcmapuranga19
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CLASSIFICATION OF

RESEARCH
CLASSIFICATION OF RESEARCH

Eng Tarugarira
HOW TO CLASSIFY RESEARCH

 We can classify research according to;

 The Purpose of Research.


 The Uses of Research.
 The technique used in research

Eng Tarugarira
CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO
PURPOSE
 Three main purposes of research are exploration, description and explanation.
 Exploratory research
 Here, a small amount of information is available about the topic/ issue but you
want to explore it in detail for a better understanding of the problem and its
solution.
 The aim is to;
 To refine and understand the problem
 To know the basic facts
 To generate a new idea
 To develop the theories
 Exploratory research is conducted by identifying a problem, creating a hypothesis,
designing a methodology, collection and analysis of data, and finally further
research,
Eng Tarugarira
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH

 Descriptive research presents a detailed picture of the problem or situation as


compared to exploratory research.
 It mainly focuses on the who, what, where, how and when questions, but doesn’t
answer the questions like why the problem occurs and what are the causes.
 Descriptive research depicts the traits of a particular group or population.
 The data collected in descriptive research is useful in examining the
relationships among variables.
 Descriptive research is used to create hypotheses to be tested in different ways.
 Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to collect and analyse data.
 The following methods are used to conduct a descriptive research; interviews,
observations, case studies and surveys.

Eng Tarugarira
EXPLANATORY RESEARCH

 Explanatory research is an attempt to connect different ideas and


to understand the causal relationship between variables (cause
and effect).
 NB: Mostly, researches transcend from exploratory
research, to descriptive research and finally to explanatory
research.

Eng Tarugarira
CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO USE

 We can classify the research into two basic categories according to the use of the
research;
 Basic research (Pure research)
 Basic research is done to provide broad and general principles, theories, results or
information. It’s not focused on specific information or problem but on providing
basic information in general e.g., an airplane is already flying but now today we
may want to research on how airplane can fly.
 Pure research is a source of most new scientific ideas, methods and theories used
in applied research. It asks questions that seem impractical such as causes of
cancer in chickens and acts like an exploratory research aimed at gaining ideas
and insights about a research problem.
 -Basic research can takes two forms:
 i) Discovery of new theories
 ii) Development of the existing theory
Eng Tarugarira
APPLIED RESEARCH

 Applied research is conducted to solve practical life problems.


 It is designed to offer practical solutions to a current problem or
address the immediate and specific needs of practitioners. Its
results find direct application in the field of work.
 Applied research is used to answer a policy question and to test
theories and laws discovered through basic research and applying
them into practice i.e. application of known theories.
 For example, research conducted for the patients of in Wuhan,
China. The doctors were trying to prepare a vaccine for the benefit
of humanity.

Eng Tarugarira
TECHNIQUE BASED CLASSIFICATION.

 There are two main techniques used in conducting research i.e


quantitative/scientific and qualitative/nonscientific techniques.
 These techniques are also called research approaches or methodologies.
 Quantitative technique: Data is represented in the form of numbers. It
handles measurable values and statistical methods are used for data
analysis.
 Qualitative technique: Represents the data in the form of pictures and
words and results are judged through theoretical judgment.
 Qualitative research is conducted to understand the perception of
individuals and how they give meaning to what they see and experience.
This perception can’t be measured. Non numerical data like text, audio
recording, video, or photographs is collected through conversational
communication.

Eng Tarugarira
CONCLUSION

 In our next tutorial we are going to discuss the major research


approaches i.e Quantitative and qualitative methods. We will also
look at the various techniques used to conduct these researches.
 We will also be able to chose the best
approach/technique/methodology suited to our fields of study?

Eng Tarugarira

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