Mind Map PRESENT PERFECT & PAST SIMPLE
Mind Map PRESENT PERFECT & PAST SIMPLE
AFIRMATIVE
Past experiences
PAST PARTICIPLE
We use the present perfect for past experiences when we don’t
SUBJECT AUXILIARY
stay exactly when they happened.
live… We often use ever and never when we talk or ask about past
I / you / we / they + have
+ studied… experiences. They go before the main verb
he / she / it + has eaten… • I have cleaned the car many times
• Have you ever been in London?
• I have never been to Italy
NEGATIVE
Recent past actions
AUXILIARY PAST PARTICIPLE
SUBJECT
We use the present perfect for recent past actions when we focus
I / you / we / they haven´t live… on the present results.
+
+ studied… In this context we often use just <<acabar>> before the main verb
he / she / it + hasn´t eaten…
• I have just eaten
• She has just left the office
QUESTION
With yet <<aun, todavia>> and already <<ya>> (for
AUXILIARY PAST PARTICIPLE emphasis)
SUBJECT We also use the present perfect with yet and already
+ live…? We use already in + sentences. It goes before the main verb
Have I / you / we / they
+ studied…? We use yet with – sentences and ?. It goes at the end of the
Has + he / she / it eaten…? phrase
• I went to the cinema yesterday Visit - Visited Bake - Baked Arrive - Arrived
• Yesterday, I didn´t sleep well Create - Created Dress - Dressed Call - Called
• Did you do your homework? Crowd - Crowded Finish – Finished Die - Died
Spelling rules for regular verbs Fold - Folded Jump - Jumped Fill - Filled
Infinitive Past Spelling
Provide - Provided Kiss - Kissed Listen - Listened
Visit Visited General rule add - ed
Cook Cooked
Decide - Decided Look - Looked Live - Lived
Live Lived Add d if verb finished in e
Love Loved Invite - Invited Push - Pushed Play - Played
Study Studied After consonant + -y, delete -y and add -
Cry Cried ied Print - Printed Stop - Stopped Use - Used
Try Tried
Wait - Waited Walk - Walked Travel - Travelled
Plan Planned If verb finished in consonant-vowel-
Admit Admitted consonant, double the final consonant
Decide - Decided Work - Worked Rain - Rained
PRESENT PERFECT + for /
since PRESENT PERFECT OR PAST SIMPLE?
Present perfect + For or
Since
We use the present perfect + for or since We use the Present Perfect to talk about
to talk about something which started in the past experiences and recent past actions
past and is still true now when we don’t specify a time
AFIRMATIVE
With Action Verbs
VERB + ING
SUBJECT AUXILIARY We use the present perfect continuous with for or since
with actions verbs (learn, work, go…) to talk about
I / you / we / they have living…
+ actions which started in the past and are still true now
+ been + studying…
he / she / it + has eating…
• I have been studying for three hours
• I have been watching TV since 7 pm