Exploring the
Fundamentals of
Electricity, Ohm's Law,
and Magnetism
This presentation delves into the fascinating world of electricity,
Ohm's Law, and magnetism. We'll explore the principles behind
these fundamental concepts and uncover their vital role in our
daily lives.
by ENGR. DAVE MAR V. BALLADO
Definition of Electricity: Charged
Particles and Flow
Charged Particles Flow of Charge
Electricity stems from the presence of charged The movement of these charged particles, particularly
particles, primarily protons and electrons. Protons carry electrons, constitutes an electric current. This flow of
a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge can create various electrical phenomena.
charge.
Ohm's Law: Defining
Voltage, Current, and
Resistance
Voltage (V) Current (I)
Voltage represents the Current is the flow of electrical
electrical potential difference charge through a conductor.
between two points in a circuit. It's measured in amperes (A),
It's the force that pushes representing the amount of
electrons through a conductor. charge passing a point per
second.
Resistance (R)
Resistance opposes the flow of current. It's measured in ohms (Ω),
and a higher resistance means less current flows for a given voltage.
Formulas for Ohm's Law:
Calculating Voltage, Current,
and Resistance
V
Voltage (V)
Voltage is equal to current multiplied by resistance: V = I × R.
I
Current (I)
Current is equal to voltage divided by resistance: I = V ÷ R.
R
Resistance (R)
Resistance is equal to voltage divided by current: R = V ÷ I.
Principles of
Electromagnetism and
Magnetic Fields
Electromagnetism Magnetic Fields
Electricity and magnetism Moving electric charges
are interconnected forces, produce magnetic fields,
creating which exert forces on
electromagnetism. other moving charges.
Magnetic Poles
Magnets have two poles, north and south, where the
magnetic field is strongest.
Magnetic Induction and
Its Applications
1 Changing Magnetic Field
A varying magnetic field is essential for inducing an electric
current.
2 Conductor's Role
A conductor, such as a coil of wire, is needed to provide a
path for the induced current.
3 Induced Current
The changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force
(EMF) in the conductor, creating an electric current.
Electromagnetic Waves and Their Properties
Transverse Waves Frequency Wavelength Speed of Light
Electromagnetic waves are Frequency is the number of Wavelength is the distance Electromagnetic waves travel
transverse, meaning the waves passing a point per between two successive at the speed of light in a
oscillations are perpendicular second, measured in Hertz crests or troughs, measured vacuum, approximately
to the direction of (Hz). Higher frequency waves in meters (m). Shorter 299,792,458 meters per
propagation. have more energy. wavelengths correspond to second.
higher frequencies.
Electricity in Everyday Life: Powering
Our World
Mobile Devices Household Lighting and Safety Transportation
Appliances
Smartphones, tablets, and Electricity powers Electric cars, trains, and
laptops rely on electricity Refrigerators, ovens, streetlights, traffic signals, trams utilize electricity for
to power their complex washing machines, and and home lighting, efficient and
operations. other appliances depend ensuring safety and environmentally friendly
on electricity for their visibility. transportation.
function.
Safety Considerations When Working with Elec
Respect the Power
1
Electricity can be extremely dangerous. Always treat it with respect and caution.
Never Touch Exposed Wires
2
Avoid contact with exposed wires or electrical components. Even low voltage can be harmful.
Use Insulated Tools
3
Utilize tools with insulated handles to minimize the risk of electrical shock.
Proper Grounding
4 Ensure electrical circuits are properly grounded to prevent
electrical shocks and fires.
Advances in Renewable
Energy and the Future of
Electricity
Growing Demand
1
Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydro, are
becoming increasingly crucial as demand for electricity continues
to grow.
2 Technological Advancements
Constant improvements in renewable energy technologies are
driving down costs and increasing efficiency.
3 Sustainable Future
The future of electricity lies in the transition to a clean,
sustainable energy system powered by renewable resources.
