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Chapter Four

Structure SAD chapter 4

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19 views18 pages

Chapter Four

Structure SAD chapter 4

Uploaded by

surafel.fiss
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter Four

Systems Planning &


Selection
1
Introduction
• The first phase of the SDLC is planning
• It consists:
Project identification and selection and
Project initiation and planning

2
SDLC with Project Identification & Selection highlighted

3
Identifying and Selecting Systems Development Projects

• A senior manager, a business group, an IS manager, or a steering


committee identifies and assesses all possible systems
development projects that an organization unit could undertake.
• IS development requests come from a variety of sources:
1. Managers and business units
2. IS managers
3. Formal Planning Groups

4
The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS
Development Projects
• Consists of three primary activities:
1. Identifying potential development projects.
– Identification from a stakeholder group.
– Each stakeholder group brings their own perspective and
motivation to the IS decision.

5
The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects

– Top-down source are projects identified by top management or


by a diverse steering committee.
– Bottom-up source are project initiatives stemming from
managers, business units, or the development group.
– The process varies substantially across organizations.

6
Table: Characteristics of Alternative Methods for Making IS
Identification and Selection Decision

7
The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects (Cont.)

2. Classifying and ranking IS development projects.


– Using value chain analysis or other evaluation criteria
• Value chain analysis: the process of analyzing an organization’s activities for
making products and/or services to determine where value is added and costs
are incurred.

8
The Process of Identifying and Selecting IS Development Projects
(Cont.)
3. Selecting IS development projects.
– Based on various factors.
– Consider both short- and long-term projects.
– Select those most likely to achieve business objectives.
– a very important and ongoing activity.
– the final activity in the project identification and selection phase.

9
Project selection decision must consider numerous
factors and can have numerous outcomes

10
Deliverables and Outcomes
• Primary deliverable from the first part of the planning phase is a schedule of
specific IS development projects.
• Outcome of this activity is the assurance that careful consideration was given
to project selection and each project can help the organization reach
objectives.
• Incremental commitment: a strategy in systems analysis and design in
which the project is reviewed after each phase and continuation of the project
is rejustified.

11
Information systems development projects come
from both top-down and bottom-up initiatives

12
Initiating and Planning Systems Development Projects

• The System Analyst will work with the proposed customers—


managers and users in a business unit—of the system and other
technical development staff in preparing the final plan.
• The objective of project initiation and planning is to transform a
vague system request document into a tangible project description.
• Needs effective communication among System Analyst and
Customer

13
The Process of Initiating and Planning IS Development Projects

• As its name implies, two major activities occur during project


initiation and project planning.
• Project initiation focuses on activities designed to assist organizing
a team to conduct project planning.
• During initiation, one or more analysts are assigned to work with a
customer to establish work standards and communication
procedures.

14
The Systems Analyst transforms a vague systems request into a tangible project
description during project initiation and planning

15
Cont…
• The second activity, project planning, focuses on defining clear,
discrete tasks and the work needed to complete each task.
• The objective of the project planning process is to produce two
documents:
1. Baseline Project Plan (BPP) and
2. Project Scope Statement (PSS)
 BPP becomes the foundation for the remainder of the development
project. It is an internal document used by the development team
but not shared with customers.
 The PSS, produced by the project team, clearly outlines the
objectives of the project for the customer
16
Deliverables and Outcomes
• The major outcomes and deliverables from project initiation and
planning are the baseline project plan (BPP) and the project
scope statement (PSS).
• BPP contains all information collected and analyzed during the
project initiation and planning activity.
• The plan contains the best estimate of the project’s scope, benefits,
costs, risks, and resource requirements given the current
understanding of the project.

17
Cont…
• BPP specifies detailed project activities for the next life cycle phase
—systems analysis—and provides less detail for subsequent project
phases.
• The project selection committee uses the BPP to help decide
whether to continue, redirect, or cancel a project.
• If selected, the BPP becomes the foundation document for all
subsequent SDLC activities.

18

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