Disaster
s:
Risk
Reductio
n and
Manage
ment
In this lesson, we will
learn to...
explain the types of natural disasters
experienced in one’s community and
country
determine preparations needed during
natural disasters
examine how people’s
activities/decisions are related to the
occurrence of natural disasters
identify government agencies
responsible for the safety of citizens
during natural disasters
What is a
Natural
Disaster?
Introduction
Natural disasters…
can strike anywhere in the world.
can occur at anytime.
can cause massive damage to lives,
property, and the environment.
THINK:
How do humans worsen the effects of natural
disasters?
How can humans mitigate the effects of natural
disasters?
Let’s watch this video.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxVOqjrC6B0
Natural Disaster
An adverse event that results
from natural processes of the
Earth
Ex: typhoons, floods,
earthquakes, landslides, volcano
eruptions, storm surges, tsunamis,
and other geologic processes
Can cause massive damage
to the environment,
properties, health, and lives
of people in the community.
How can we reduce
the damage
caused by natural
disasters?
We need prevention and
mitigation measures
For example:
• Public awareness, education and
preparedness campaigns
• Up-to-date prediction & warning
systems
• Sustainable land use practices
• Sound zoning & building codes
Types of
Natural
Disaste
rs
El Niño
A phenomenon caused
by warm surface
ocean water
temperature that
develops in the central
and east-central
equatorial Pacific.
La Niña
Characterized by
cooler-than-normal
temperature over the
western Pacific ocean,
causing intense
rainfall and
catastrophic floods.
Typhoon
A storm that forms
over large areas of
relatively warm water
in the Pacific or Indian
Ocean region.
(Note: Hurricanes are storms
that form over the Atlantic
Ocean region)
Storm
Surge
The abnormal increase
of water level in
seashores when a
storm nears coastal
lines.
Flooding
Experienced in low-
lying areas, this may
be caused by a
strong typhoon,
sudden and intense
rain, or heavy and
prolonged rainfall.
Landslides
The movement of
rock, earth or debris
down a sloped section
of land due to
earthquakes, heavy
rainfall, volcanic
eruptions, or other
factors that make the
slope unstable.
Earthquake
s
A sudden, rapid shaking
of the earth caused by
the breaking and
shifting of rock beneath
the earth’s surface.
Earthquakes can strike
anywhere and anytime
without warning.
Activities that Cause
and/or Worsen a Natural
1 Disaster
Disposal of waste
2
in waterways 3
Solid and liquid wastes
Deforestation
The rampant & illegal
Living around
volcanoes
Residents at the foot of
in waterways cause cutting of trees in forests volcanoes are exposed
siltation & clogging causes soil erosion and to
which can lead to flash flooding in low-lying areas. more danger.
floods
4 Living and dumping garbage in the estero, riverside, or
seashore
The uncontrolled and improper disposal of human,
commercial and industrial waste in waterways cause
clogging and flooding.
Depletion of the
5 ozone layer 6Mining and Quarrying 7People’s refusal to heed
safety measures
Caused by Uncontrolled When people refuse to
chlorofluorocarbons or mining/quarrying can evacuate during a natural
CFCs released by solvents, result in soil erosion & disaster, they put themselves
aerosols, refrigerators, landslides, and cause and others at a greater risk of
air-conditioners, etc. damage to rivers, getting hurt or killed.
agricultural lands and
communities.
Some Major Natural
Disasters in the
Philippines
Typhoons
Volcanic
Eruptions
ST Yolanda/Haiyan Mount Pinatubo eruption
Typhoon Ondoy/Ketsana Mount Taal eruption
Typhoon Uring
Earthqua
Storm
kes
Earthquake in Luzon Surges
(July 16, 1990) Typhoon Undang
Manila Bay coast
Super Typhoon Yolanda
Summary
The Philippines is one of the most disaster-
prone countries in the world. It is:
● highly susceptible to seismic and volcanic
risks, and
● subject to the world record of typhoons
Theevery
severity and occurrence of these
year.
disasters have significantly increased in
recent times. Climate change and pandemics
have worsened the effects of disasters.
Thus, disaster preparedness and the mitigation
of disaster effects should be the responsibility
not only of the government, but of all sectors
(business and civil society) – including every
Filipino citizen, like you and me.
