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EIGRP

what is eigrp in routing and switching

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Irfan Ali
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15 views

EIGRP

what is eigrp in routing and switching

Uploaded by

Irfan Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

EIGRP

I R FA N A L I
What is Meant By EIGRP?
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 The term EIGRP is an acronym that stands for Enhanced


Interior Gateway Routing Protocol.
 It is an improved version of the older Interior Gateway
Routing Protocol (IGRP).
 EIGRP was previously a Cisco-owned protocol. However,
Cisco has now made it an open-standard protocol.
Therefore, any vendor can use it now on their equipment!
 EIGRP is considered an ‘advanced’ or ‘hybrid’ distance
vector routing protocol.
 It improves many basic operations of RIP which is its
fellow distance vector routing protocol.
 It is way faster than RIP in reacting to the changes
needed in the network.
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 It does not have a hop count limit of 15 like RIP. Therefore,


it supports very large networks.
 EIGRP can be deployed on both IPv4 and IPv6 Internet
Protocol networks. It can also be deployed on networks.
 EIGRP is the only Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) that can
perform unequal-cost-load-balancing. It performs equal-
cost-load-balancing (ECMP) load balancing over 4 paths like
RIP by default.
 EIGRP can even load balance on the basis of the proportion
of their bandwidth. Therefore, more traffic will be sent over
to the paths with lower metric as they are faster.
 Less traffic will be sent to the paths with higher metric as
they are slower.
How Does The EIGRP Choose The Best Path?
4

Unlike other routing protocols, EIGRP uses four


major metrics to choose the best path to transmit
the packets. These metrics are:

Bandwidth
Delay
Load, and
Reliability

The default metric used by EIGRP is bandwidth


and delay.
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EIGRP uses the following table for route


discovery:
Neighbor table
Topology table
Route table
Successors
Feasible successors
1. Neighbor Table:
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 The neighbor table is used to store the condition of the


directly connected neighbors.
 This means that whether the directly connected router is
active or non-active, the neighbor table is going to store the
information anyway.
 For example, if two routers are connected to each other
directly, both routers are going to send the ‘Hello’ packets to
each other after every 5 seconds. These two routers consider
each other alive as long as this exchange of packets continues.
 If the router is not able to receive the hello packet in 5
seconds, it realizes that the link is down and forwards this
information to another connected router. In such a way, all the
routers are updated about the link failure of a particular
router in the network.
2. Topology Table
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 This table is used to store the advertisements of the destinations


by the neighbors.
 The advertisement includes:
 The destination address
 The neighbor that is linked to the destination
 The metrics used by the neighbor to the destination
 For example, if three routers are connected to each other in a
linear form and the first router wants to reach the third router, it
is not going to receive any advertisement from the third router. In
fact, it will receive an advertisement from the second router.
 This is because the second router knows the best route to reach
the third router and the first router knows the best route to reach
the second router. This is how all the routers are configured with
EIGRP to calculate and update the router to their routing table.
3. Routing Table
8

This table is used to store all the possible


routes to reach the destination.
This is the main function of the routing table.
4. Successors
9

The successor is the path with the best


metric.
This means that the successor is the best
available route in the routing table to reach
the destination and the router chooses this
route first.
5. Feasible Successors
10

It is considered a backup route.


If the path distance is less than the original
path to reach the destination, it is considered
feasible.
When the successor path is invalid or
inactive, it becomes the first choice.
It is the second fastest available route to
reach the destination.
Diffusing Update Algorithm
11

The algorithm which determines the most


efficient and reasonable routes to reachable
destinations is the Diffusing Update
Algorithm (DUAL). This is decided on the
basis of the distance and whether the
destination path is loop-free.
What are the Benefits of EIGRP?
12

The EIGRP protocol has the following benefits:

It has a faster convergence.


There is no need to update the routing tables by
hand.
It has a low network resource usage as it only sends
HELLO packets when the network is stable.
It either uses unequal-cost-load-balancing or equal-
cost multipath balancing to use links more efficiently.
It is loop-free therefore, it improves video and voice
quality.
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END

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