Freehand
Sketching
Basic Strokes
Here are some of the basic strokes commonly used in engineering drawing:
1.Straight Line:
The straight line is the most basic stroke and is used to represent edges, outlines, and boundaries
of objects.
2.Circle:
Circles are essential for representing cylindrical features, holes, and rounded elements in a
drawing.
3.Arc:
An arc is a segment of a circle and is used for drawing curves, fillets, or any part of a circle.
4.Ellipse:
Ellipses are used to represent cylindrical shapes when viewed at an angle, such as in isometric or
perspective drawings.
5.Rectangle:
Rectangles are used to represent square or rectangular shapes and are fundamental for drawing
box-like structures.
6.Triangle:
Triangles can be used to represent various features, such as arrowheads, and are also
fundamental in geometric constructions.
7.Fillets and Rounds:
These strokes are used to indicate rounded corners or edges on objects, providing a smooth
transition between surfaces.
Straight Line
1. Hold the pencil naturally.
2. Spot the beginning and end points.
3. Swing the pencil back and forth between the points, barely
touching the paper until the direction is clearly established.
4. Draw the line firmly with a free and easy wrist-and-arm
motion
Horizontal line Vertical line
Nearly vertical
inclined line
Nearly horizontal
inclined line
Small Circle
Method 1 : Starting with a square
1. Lightly sketching the square and marking the mid-points.
2. Draw light diagonals and mark the estimated radius.
3. Draw the circle through the eight points.
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Small Circle
Method 2 : Starting with center line
1. Lightly draw a center line.
2. Add light radial lines and mark the estimated radius.
3. Sketch the full circle.
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Large Circle
1. Place the little finger (or pencil’ s tip) at the center as a
pivot and set the pencil point at the radius-distance from
the center.
2. Hold the hand in this position and rotate the paper.
Arc
Method 1 : Starting with a square for small arcs
Method 2 : Starting with radial lines for big arcs
Steps in Sketching
1.Block in main shape
2.Locate the features i.e start and
end dots
3.Sketch arcs and circles
4.Sketch lines
Assignment
•Make freehand sketches on A4
paper
